chore: 忽略本地构建产物 bin/ 目录

旧模型 BanEntry.IPAddress 为普通 index，由 AutoMigrate 建成非唯一索引
idx_ban_entries_ip_address；升级到 uniqueIndex 后，gorm mysql 驱动
MigrateColumnUnique 对非唯一列无条件 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX（不检查
HasIndex），与同名旧索引冲突报 Error 1061 Duplicate key name，服务
启动即失败（AutoMigrate 末尾的 HasIndex 保护执行不到）。

dropLegacyBanIndex 在 dedupeBanEntries 之后、AutoMigrate 之前，检测
information_schema.statistics 中同名 non_unique=1 的索引并删除，由
AutoMigrate 重建为唯一索引。仅 MySQL 生效，表不存在/失败仅告警。

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@
 # Go 工具缓存
 vendor/
 
+# 例外：Web 端本地化的第三方前端库（Quill，CSP 要求同源加载）
+!internal/web/static/vendor/
+!internal/web/static/vendor/quill/
+!internal/web/static/vendor/quill/quill.min.js
+!internal/web/static/vendor/quill/quill.snow.css
+
 # 日志文件
 *.log
 
@@ -40,3 +46,7 @@ win/srv/
 
 # 临时测试文件
 login_test.html
+migrate
+
+# 本地构建产物
+bin/

README.md

@@ -403,8 +403,8 @@ mailgo/
 │   │   ├── manager.go              # 外发队列、重试、限速、退信
 │   │   └── sign.go                 # DKIM 签名
 │   ├── imap_server/
-│   │   ├── server.go                # IMAP 服务
+│   │   ├── server.go                # IMAP 服务（监听器/能力/跨会话推送）
-│   │   └── backend.go               # IMAP 后端
+│   │   └── session.go               # IMAP Session 实现（SELECT/FETCH/STORE/EXPUNGE）
 │   ├── pop3_server/server.go         # POP3 服务
 │   ├── connhub/hub.go                # 协议连接注册中心（当前连接监控）
 │   ├── storage/attachment.go         # 附件文件存储
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ sudo journalctl -u mailgo -f
 | 数据库 | SQLite（默认）/ MySQL |
 | 配置格式 | TOML |
 | SMTP | github.com/emersion/go-smtp |
-| IMAP | github.com/emersion/go-imap v1 |
+| IMAP | github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 |
 | POP3 | 手工实现 TCP 协议 |
 | 密码哈希 | golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt |
 | 富文本 | Quill.js (CDN) |

cmd/migrate/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+// migrate 一次性工具：把 SQLite 数据迁移到 MySQL（mailgo 库）。
+// 用法：go run ./cmd/migrate -from /srv/mail_go/mail.db -dsn "mailgo:密码@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/mailgo?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=UTC"
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"mail_go/config"
+	"mail_go/internal/db"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+)
+
+var (
+	fromDSN = flag.String("from", "/srv/mail_go/mail.db", "SQLite 数据库路径")
+	mysqlDSN = flag.String("dsn", "", "MySQL DSN（目标库，需已创建 mailgo 库与用户）")
+)
+
+func main() {
+	flag.Parse()
+	if *mysqlDSN == "" {
+		log.Fatal("缺少 -dsn")
+	}
+
+	// 目标：MySQL（InitDB 内含 AutoMigrate，按当前模型建表）
+	mdb, err := db.InitDB(config.DatabaseConfig{Driver: "mysql", DSN: *mysqlDSN}, config.StorageConfig{BaseDir: "/srv/mail_go/"})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("连接 MySQL 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Println("MySQL 建表完成（AutoMigrate）")
+
+	// 源：SQLite（只读）
+	sdb, err := db.InitDB(config.DatabaseConfig{Driver: "sqlite", DSN: *fromDSN}, config.StorageConfig{BaseDir: "/srv/mail_go/"})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("连接 SQLite 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	sdb.Logger = logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent)
+
+	// 关闭 GORM 自动时间戳（保留原始 CreatedAt/UpdatedAt）
+	mw := mdb.Session(&gorm.Session{SkipHooks: true})
+
+	stateWant := int64(-1) // mailbox_states 期望行数；-1 = 源库无此表不校验
+
+	// 按外键依赖顺序复制：domains → users → messages → attachments → 其余
+	// 所有时间统一 UTC（MySQL DATETIME 无时区）。
+	utc := func(t time.Time) time.Time {
+		if t.IsZero() {
+			// MySQL DATETIME 最小年份 1000；零值由调用方转 NULL
+			return t
+		}
+		return t.UTC()
+	}
+	_ = utc
+
+	// ---- domains ----
+	var domains []db.Domain
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&domains).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 domains: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range domains {
+		domains[i].CreatedAt = domains[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+		domains[i].UpdatedAt = domains[i].UpdatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&domains).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 domains: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("domains: %d", len(domains))
+
+	// ---- users ----
+	var users []db.User
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&users).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 users: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range users {
+		users[i].CreatedAt = users[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+		users[i].UpdatedAt = users[i].UpdatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&users).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 users: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("users: %d", len(users))
+
+	// ---- messages ----
+	var msgs []db.Message
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&msgs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 messages: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range msgs {
+		msgs[i].Date = msgs[i].Date.UTC()
+		msgs[i].CreatedAt = msgs[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&msgs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 messages: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("messages: %d", len(msgs))
+
+	// ---- attachments ----
+	var atts []db.Attachment
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&atts).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 attachments: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range atts {
+		atts[i].CreatedAt = atts[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&atts).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 attachments: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("attachments: %d", len(atts))
+
+	// ---- outbound_messages（原样，含时间转 UTC）----
+	var outs []db.OutboundMessage
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&outs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 outbound_messages: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range outs {
+		outs[i].NextAttemptAt = outs[i].NextAttemptAt.UTC()
+		if outs[i].CompletedAt != nil && !outs[i].CompletedAt.IsZero() {
+			u := outs[i].CompletedAt.UTC()
+			outs[i].CompletedAt = &u
+		}
+		outs[i].CreatedAt = outs[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+		outs[i].UpdatedAt = outs[i].UpdatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&outs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 outbound_messages: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("outbound_messages: %d", len(outs))
+
+	// ---- ban_entries（expires_at 零值 → NULL）----
+	rows, err := sdb.Raw("SELECT id, ip_address, reason, fail_count, ban_count, expires_at, created_at, updated_at FROM ban_entries ORDER BY id").Rows()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 ban_entries: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	bans := 0
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var (
+			id        uint
+			ip        string
+			reason    *string
+			failCount int
+			banCount  int
+			expires   *time.Time
+			created   *time.Time
+			updated   *time.Time
+		)
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &ip, &reason, &failCount, &banCount, &expires, &created, &updated); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("扫 ban_entries: %v", err)
+		}
+		norm := func(t *time.Time) *time.Time {
+			if t == nil || t.IsZero() {
+				return nil
+			}
+			u := t.UTC()
+			return &u
+		}
+		if err := mdb.Exec("INSERT INTO ban_entries (id, ip_address, reason, fail_count, ban_count, expires_at, created_at, updated_at) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
+			id, ip, reason, failCount, banCount, norm(expires), norm(created), norm(updated)).Error; err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("写 ban_entries id=%d: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		bans++
+	}
+	log.Printf("ban_entries: %d", bans)
+
+	// ---- protocol_logs ----
+	var logs []db.ProtocolLog
+	if err := sdb.Order("id").Find(&logs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("读 protocol_logs: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := range logs {
+		logs[i].CreatedAt = logs[i].CreatedAt.UTC()
+	}
+	if err := mw.Create(&logs).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写 protocol_logs: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("protocol_logs: %d", len(logs))
+
+	// ---- mailbox_states（原生 SQL：该表随 UIDVALIDITY 特性存在，旧版本源库可能没有）----
+	var stateCount int64
+	sdb.Raw("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name='mailbox_states'").Scan(&stateCount)
+	if stateCount > 0 {
+		// 目标库若没有该表（上游模型未含 MailboxState 时 AutoMigrate 不会建），先建表
+		var tcnt int64
+		mdb.Raw("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = DATABASE() AND table_name = 'mailbox_states'").Scan(&tcnt)
+		if tcnt == 0 {
+			if err := mdb.Exec(`CREATE TABLE mailbox_states (
+				user_id bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
+				folder varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+				uid_validity bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
+				created_at datetime(3) NULL,
+				updated_at datetime(3) NULL,
+				PRIMARY KEY (user_id, folder))`).Error; err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("建 mailbox_states 表: %v", err)
+			}
+			log.Println("mailbox_states: 目标库已建表")
+		}
+		srows, err := sdb.Raw("SELECT user_id, folder, uid_validity, created_at, updated_at FROM mailbox_states ORDER BY user_id, folder").Rows()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("读 mailbox_states: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer srows.Close()
+		states := 0
+		for srows.Next() {
+			var (
+				userID   uint
+				folder   string
+				validity uint32
+				created  *time.Time
+				updated  *time.Time
+			)
+			if err := srows.Scan(&userID, &folder, &validity, &created, &updated); err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("扫 mailbox_states: %v", err)
+			}
+			norm := func(t *time.Time) *time.Time {
+				if t == nil || t.IsZero() {
+					return nil
+				}
+				u := t.UTC()
+				return &u
+			}
+			if err := mdb.Exec("INSERT INTO mailbox_states (user_id, folder, uid_validity, created_at, updated_at) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",
+				userID, folder, validity, norm(created), norm(updated)).Error; err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("写 mailbox_states: %v", err)
+			}
+			states++
+		}
+		log.Printf("mailbox_states: %d", states)
+		stateWant = int64(states)
+	} else {
+		log.Println("mailbox_states: 源库无此表，跳过")
+	}
+
+	// ---- 校验 ----
+	check := func(table string, want int64) {
+		var got int64
+		if err := mdb.Table(table).Count(&got).Error; err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("校验 %s: %v", table, err)
+		}
+		if got != want {
+			log.Fatalf("校验 %s 失败: got %d want %d", table, got, want)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("校验 %s: %d/%d ✓\n", table, got, want)
+	}
+	check("domains", int64(len(domains)))
+	check("users", int64(len(users)))
+	check("messages", int64(len(msgs)))
+	check("attachments", int64(len(atts)))
+	check("outbound_messages", int64(len(outs)))
+	check("ban_entries", int64(bans))
+	check("protocol_logs", int64(len(logs)))
+	if stateWant >= 0 {
+		check("mailbox_states", stateWant)
+	}
+
+	log.Println("迁移完成 ✅")
+}

config/config.go

@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ type WebConfig struct {
 	// ProtocolLogKeepDays SMTP/IMAP/POP3 协议调用日志保留天数，
 	// 超过该天数的记录会被后台任务自动清理。
 	ProtocolLogKeepDays int `toml:"protocol_log_keep_days"`
+	// Timezone Web 界面显示时间所用的 IANA 时区（如 "Asia/Shanghai"）。
+	// 为空时使用服务器本地时区。邮件日期在库中统一为 UTC 存储，
+	// 展示时按此配置转换。
+	Timezone string `toml:"timezone"`
 }
 
 // SecretKeyEnvVar 是覆盖会话签名密钥的环境变量名。
@@ -212,6 +216,7 @@ func defaultConfig() *Config {
 			Addr:                DefaultWebPort,
 			CookieSecure:        true,
 			ProtocolLogKeepDays: DefaultProtocolLogKeepDays,
+			Timezone:            DefaultTimezone,
 		},
 		SMTP: SMTPConfig{
 			Addr:           fmt.Sprintf(":%d", DefaultSMTPPort),
@@ -281,6 +286,9 @@ func mergeDefaults(cfg *Config, defaults *Config) *Config {
 	if cfg.Web.ProtocolLogKeepDays == 0 {
 		cfg.Web.ProtocolLogKeepDays = defaults.Web.ProtocolLogKeepDays
 	}
+	if cfg.Web.Timezone == "" {
+		cfg.Web.Timezone = defaults.Web.Timezone
+	}
 	if cfg.SMTP.Addr == "" {
 		cfg.SMTP.Addr = defaults.SMTP.Addr
 	}

config/defaults.go

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ const (
 // DefaultProtocolLogKeepDays 是 SMTP/IMAP/POP3 协议调用日志的默认保留天数。
 const DefaultProtocolLogKeepDays = 30
 
+// DefaultTimezone 是 Web 界面显示时间的默认 IANA 时区（北京时间）。
+const DefaultTimezone = "Asia/Shanghai"
+
 // Outbound delivery concurrency defaults.
 const (
 	// DefaultOutboundWorkers 并发投递 worker 数（0/1 为串行）。

docs/architecture.md

@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ mail_go/
 │   ├── smtp_server/
 │   │   └── server.go                 # SMTP 服务端（go-smtp Backend 实现）
 │   ├── imap_server/
-│   │   ├── server.go                 # IMAP 服务端启动
+│   │   ├── server.go                 # IMAP 服务端启动（监听器/能力/跨会话推送）
-│   │   └── backend.go               # go-imap Backend/User/Mailbox/Message 实现
+│   │   └── session.go                # go-imap/v2 imapserver.Session 实现
 │   ├── pop3_server/
 │   │   └── server.go                 # POP3 服务端（TCP 监听 + 文本协议）
 │   ├── web/
@@ -373,11 +373,11 @@ func (s *smtpSession) Logout() error
 #### IMAP Backend 接口（go-imap/v2 要求）
 
 ```go
-// internal/imap_server/backend.go
+// internal/imap_server/session.go
 
-// 实现 go-imap/v2 的 backend.Backend 接口
+// 实现 go-imap/v2 的 imapserver.Session 接口
-type imapBackend struct {
+type imapSession struct {
-    userStore  store.UserStore
+    stores  *store.Stores
     mailStore  store.MailStore
     domainStore store.DomainStore
     attStore   store.AttachmentStore
@@ -413,14 +413,16 @@ type imapMailbox struct {
 | GET | /login | auth.ShowLogin | — | 登录页 |
 | POST | /login | auth.DoLogin | — | 登录提交 |
 | POST | /logout | auth.DoLogout | Auth | 登出 |
-| GET | / | mail.Inbox | Auth | 收件箱（重定向到 /inbox） |
+| GET | / | — | Auth | 收件箱（重定向到 /inbox） |
-| GET | /inbox | mail.Inbox | Auth | 收件箱列表 |
+| GET | /folder/:name | mail.Folder | Auth | 通用文件夹页（目录与 IMAP LIST 同源） |
-| GET | /inbox/:id | mail.View | Auth | 查看邮件 |
+| GET | /folder/:name/:id | mail.View | Auth | 查看文件夹内邮件 |
+| POST | /folder/:name/empty | mail.EmptyFolder | Auth | 清空文件夹 |
+| GET | /inbox /sent /drafts（及 /:id） | — | Auth | 旧路径兼容重定向到 /folder/<name> |
 | GET | /compose | mail.Compose | Auth | 撰写页面 |
 | POST | /compose | mail.DoSend | Auth | 发送邮件 |
-| GET | /sent | mail.Sent | Auth | 发件箱 |
+| POST | /mail/delete/:id | mail.Delete | Auth | 删除邮件（移入 Trash；Trash 内为彻底删除） |
-| GET | /sent/:id | mail.View | Auth | 查看已发送邮件 |
+| POST | /mail/restore/:id | mail.Restore | Auth | 恢复邮件到收件箱 |
-| POST | /mail/delete/:id | mail.Delete | Auth | 删除邮件 |
+| POST | /mail/purge/:id | mail.Purge | Auth | 彻底删除邮件 |
 | POST | /mail/read/:id | mail.MarkRead | Auth | 标记已读 |
 | GET | /attachment/:id | mail.DownloadAttachment | Auth | 下载附件 |
 | GET | /admin | admin.Dashboard | Auth + Admin | 管理后台首页 |
@@ -557,7 +559,7 @@ sequenceDiagram
 | Task ID | 任务名称 | 依赖 | 涉及文件 | 优先级 |
 |---------|---------|------|---------|--------|
 | T01 | 项目基础设施：go.mod + 入口 + 配置系统 + 数据库层 | — | go.mod, main.go, config/config.go, config/defaults.go, internal/db/db.go, internal/db/models.go, internal/store/*.go | P0 |
-| T02 | 邮件协议服务端（SMTP + IMAP + POP3） | T01 | internal/smtp_server/server.go, internal/imap_server/server.go, internal/imap_server/backend.go, internal/pop3_server/server.go | P0 |
+| T02 | 邮件协议服务端（SMTP + IMAP + POP3） | T01 | internal/smtp_server/server.go, internal/imap_server/server.go, internal/imap_server/session.go, internal/pop3_server/server.go | P0 |
 | T03 | Web 服务核心：路由 + 中间件 + 认证 + 邮件页面 | T01 | internal/web/server.go, internal/web/middleware/auth.go, internal/web/middleware/admin.go, internal/web/handlers/auth.go, internal/web/handlers/mail.go | P0 |
 | T04 | 管理后台 + 附件存储 + 模板 | T01, T03 | internal/web/handlers/admin.go, internal/storage/attachment.go, internal/web/templates/*.html | P0 |
 | T05 | 集成调试 + 安装脚本 | T02, T03, T04 | main.go（更新）, scripts/install.sh | P1 |
@@ -594,7 +596,7 @@ sequenceDiagram
 
 - 管理后台 handler：域名 CRUD、用户 CRUD、DNS 提示
 - AttachmentStorage：附件文件写入/读取/删除磁盘操作
-- 所有 HTML 模板：base 布局 + login/inbox/compose/sent/view/admin 系列页面
+- 所有 HTML 模板：base 布局 + login/folder/compose/view/admin 系列页面
 - 附件上传（compose 页面多文件上传）+ 下载 handler
 
 **T05: 集成调试 + 安装脚本**
@@ -614,7 +616,7 @@ go 1.22
 
 require (
     github.com/emersion/go-smtp v0.21.0
-    github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 v2.0.0-beta.5
+    github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8
     github.com/emersion/go-message v0.18.0
     github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
     github.com/gin-contrib/sessions v0.0.5

go.mod

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ go 1.25.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.0
-	github.com/emersion/go-imap v1.2.1
+	github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8
 	github.com/emersion/go-message v0.18.2
 	github.com/emersion/go-msgauth v0.7.0
 	github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20241020182733-b788ff22d5a6

go.sum

@@ -17,19 +17,16 @@ github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.6/go.mod h1:OFcloc187FXDaYHvrNIjxSe8ncn0OOM8gE
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
-github.com/emersion/go-imap v1.2.1 h1:+s9ZjMEjOB8NzZMVTM3cCenz2JrQIGGo5j1df19WjTA=
+github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8 h1:5IXZK1E33DyeP526320J3RS7eFlCYGFgtbrfapqDPug=
-github.com/emersion/go-imap v1.2.1/go.mod h1:Qlx1FSx2FTxjnjWpIlVNEuX+ylerZQNFE5NsmKFSejY=
+github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8/go.mod h1:dhoFe2Q0PwLrMD7oZw8ODuaD0vLYPe5uj2wcOMnvh48=
-github.com/emersion/go-message v0.15.0/go.mod h1:wQUEfE+38+7EW8p8aZ96ptg6bAb1iwdgej19uXASlE4=
 github.com/emersion/go-message v0.18.2 h1:rl55SQdjd9oJcIoQNhubD2Acs1E6IzlZISRTK7x/Lpg=
 github.com/emersion/go-message v0.18.2/go.mod h1:XpJyL70LwRvq2a8rVbHXikPgKj8+aI0kGdHlg16ibYA=
 github.com/emersion/go-msgauth v0.7.0 h1:vj2hMn6KhFtW41kshIBTXvp6KgYSqpA/ZN9Pv4g1INc=
 github.com/emersion/go-msgauth v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mmS9I6HkSovrNgq0HNXTeu8l3sRAAuQ9RMvbM4KU7Ck=
-github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20200509203442-7bfe0ed36a21/go.mod h1:iL2twTeMvZnrg54ZoPDNfJaJaqy0xIQFuBdrLsmspwQ=
 github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20241020182733-b788ff22d5a6 h1:oP4q0fw+fOSWn3DfFi4EXdT+B+gTtzx8GC9xsc26Znk=
 github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20241020182733-b788ff22d5a6/go.mod h1:iL2twTeMvZnrg54ZoPDNfJaJaqy0xIQFuBdrLsmspwQ=
 github.com/emersion/go-smtp v0.24.0 h1:g6AfoF140mvW0vLNPD/LuCBLEAdlxOjIXqbIkJIS6Wk=
 github.com/emersion/go-smtp v0.24.0/go.mod h1:ZtRRkbTyp2XTHCA+BmyTFTrj8xY4I+b4McvHxCU2gsQ=
-github.com/emersion/go-textwrapper v0.0.0-20200911093747-65d896831594/go.mod h1:aqO8z8wPrjkscevZJFVE1wXJrLpC5LtJG7fqLOsPb2U=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.12 h1:e9hWvmLYvtp846tLHam2o++qitpguFiYCKbn0w9jyqw=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.12/go.mod h1:d+9Oxyo1wTzWdyVUPMmXFvp4F9tea18J8ufA774AB3s=
 github.com/gin-contrib/sessions v1.1.0 h1:00mhHfNEGF5sP2fwxa98aRqj1FOJdL6IkR86n2hOiBo=
@@ -163,7 +160,6 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuX
 golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=

internal/db/db.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package db
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
@@ -55,10 +56,71 @@ func InitDB(cfg config.DatabaseConfig, storageCfg config.StorageConfig) (*gorm.D
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("连接数据库失败: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	// AutoMigrate 前清理 ban_entries 的历史重复行（保留每 IP 最大 id）：
+	// ip_address 将升级为唯一索引，重复行会使索引创建失败。
+	// 首次安装表不存在时忽略错误（AutoMigrate 会建新表）。
+	dedupeBanEntries(db)
+	// 再清理旧模型遗留的同名非唯一索引（见 dropLegacyBanIndex）。
+	dropLegacyBanIndex(db)
+
 	// Auto-migrate all models
-	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&User{}, &Domain{}, &Message{}, &Attachment{}, &BanEntry{}, &OutboundMessage{}, &ProtocolLog{}, &MailboxState{}); err != nil {
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&User{}, &Domain{}, &Message{}, &Attachment{}, &BanEntry{}, &OutboundMessage{}, &ProtocolLog{}, &MailboxState{}, &Mailbox{}); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("数据库迁移失败: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return db, nil
 }
+
+// dedupeBanEntries 删除 ban_entries 中同一 ip_address 的重复行（保留
+// 每组 id 最大的一条），为 ip_address 唯一索引的 AutoMigrate 扫清障碍。
+// 表不存在（首次安装）时静默跳过；清理失败仅告警，不阻断启动
+// （索引创建失败会在 AutoMigrate 中显式报错）。
+func dedupeBanEntries(db *gorm.DB) {
+	// SQLite 与 MySQL 均支持；MySQL 不允许 DELETE 子查询直接引用同表
+	// （1093），因此用派生表包一层。
+	sql := "DELETE FROM ban_entries WHERE id NOT IN (" +
+		"SELECT mid FROM (SELECT MAX(id) AS mid FROM ban_entries GROUP BY ip_address) AS t)"
+	if err := db.Exec(sql).Error; err != nil {
+		// 表不存在（首次安装）为预期情况
+		msg := err.Error()
+		if strings.Contains(msg, "no such table") || strings.Contains(msg, "doesn't exist") {
+			return
+		}
+		log.Printf("清理 ban_entries 重复行失败（唯一索引可能无法创建）: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// dropLegacyBanIndex 删除 ban_entries 上历史遗留的同名非唯一索引
+// （旧模型 IPAddress 为普通 `index` 时由 AutoMigrate 创建）。
+// IPAddress 升级为 uniqueIndex 后，MySQL 的 MigrateColumnUnique 会对
+// 非唯一列无条件执行 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX（该路径不检查 HasIndex），
+// 与同名旧索引冲突时报 Error 1061 Duplicate key name，导致启动即失败
+// （AutoMigrate 末尾按名查 HasIndex 的保护根本执行不到）。
+// 仅 MySQL 存在此问题；SQLite 迁移路径不受影响。
+// 表不存在（首次安装）时静默跳过；失败仅告警，不阻断启动
+// （索引创建失败会在 AutoMigrate 中显式报错）。
+func dropLegacyBanIndex(db *gorm.DB) {
+	if db.Dialector.Name() != "mysql" {
+		return
+	}
+	var cnt int64
+	err := db.Raw(
+		"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.statistics WHERE table_schema = DATABASE() AND table_name = 'ban_entries' AND index_name = 'idx_ban_entries_ip_address' AND non_unique = 1",
+	).Scan(&cnt).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		// 表不存在（首次安装）为预期情况
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "doesn't exist") {
+			return
+		}
+		log.Printf("检查 ban_entries 遗留索引失败（唯一索引可能无法创建）: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if cnt == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := db.Exec("ALTER TABLE `ban_entries` DROP INDEX `idx_ban_entries_ip_address`").Error; err != nil {
+		log.Printf("删除 ban_entries 遗留非唯一索引失败（唯一索引可能无法创建）: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	log.Printf("已删除 ban_entries 遗留非唯一索引 idx_ban_entries_ip_address（AutoMigrate 将重建为唯一索引）")
+}

internal/db/dedupe_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package db
+
+// P4 #17 回归：dedupeBanEntries 在 AutoMigrate 前清理历史重复行，
+// 为 ip_address 唯一索引扫清障碍；表不存在时静默跳过。
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// createLegacyBanTable 按旧版结构建表（ip_address 无唯一索引）。
+func createLegacyBanTable(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
+	t.Helper()
+	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := gdb.Exec(`CREATE TABLE ban_entries (
+		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+		ip_address TEXT NOT NULL,
+		reason TEXT,
+		fail_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+		ban_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+		expires_at DATETIME,
+		created_at DATETIME,
+		updated_at DATETIME
+	)`).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create legacy table: %v", err)
+	}
+	return gdb
+}
+
+func TestDedupeBanEntriesRemovesDuplicates(t *testing.T) {
+	gdb := createLegacyBanTable(t)
+
+	// 同一 IP 三条旧记录（id 1,2,3），另一 IP 一条
+	for _, rec := range []struct {
+		ip  string
+		fc  int
+	}{
+		{"1.2.3.4", 1},
+		{"1.2.3.4", 2},
+		{"1.2.3.4", 3},
+		{"5.6.7.8", 4},
+	} {
+		if err := gdb.Exec(
+			"INSERT INTO ban_entries (ip_address, fail_count) VALUES (?, ?)", rec.ip, rec.fc,
+		).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("insert: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dedupeBanEntries(gdb)
+
+	// 每 IP 仅剩 id 最大的一条
+	var rows []struct {
+		IP string `gorm:"column:ip_address"`
+		FC int    `gorm:"column:fail_count"`
+	}
+	if err := gdb.Raw("SELECT ip_address, fail_count FROM ban_entries ORDER BY ip_address").Scan(&rows).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("query: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(rows) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("rows after dedupe = %d, want 2", len(rows))
+	}
+	if rows[0].IP != "1.2.3.4" || rows[0].FC != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("1.2.3.4 row = %+v, want the max-id row (fail_count=3)", rows[0])
+	}
+	if rows[1].IP != "5.6.7.8" || rows[1].FC != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("5.6.7.8 row = %+v, want fail_count=4", rows[1])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDedupeBanEntriesMissingTableSilent(t *testing.T) {
+	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
+	}
+	// 表不存在时不应 panic/报错（首次安装场景）
+	dedupeBanEntries(gdb)
+}

internal/db/models.go

@@ -60,11 +60,16 @@ type Message struct {
 	ToAddr    string    `gorm:"size:2048;not null" json:"to_addr"`
 	CcAddr    string    `gorm:"size:2048" json:"cc_addr"`
 	Subject   string    `gorm:"size:1024" json:"subject"`
-	TextBody  string    `gorm:"type:text" json:"text_body"`
+	TextBody  string    `gorm:"type:mediumtext" json:"text_body"`
-	HtmlBody  string    `gorm:"type:text" json:"html_body"`
+	HtmlBody  string    `gorm:"type:mediumtext" json:"html_body"`
 	RawData   string    `gorm:"type:mediumtext" json:"raw_data"`
 	IsRead    bool      `gorm:"default:false" json:"is_read"`
 	IsFlagged bool      `gorm:"default:false" json:"is_flagged"`
+	// IsDeleted 持久化 IMAP \Deleted 标记（STORE +FLAGS \Deleted 写入，
+	// EXPUNGE/UID EXPUNGE 时按此删除）。此前该标记只存于内存会话
+	// （imapMailbox.deleted map），重选文件夹/重连即丢失，导致客户端
+	// COPY→Trash 后 EXPUNGE 删不掉原邮件（垃圾桶只有副本）。
+	IsDeleted bool      `gorm:"default:false;index" json:"is_deleted"`
 	Date      time.Time `json:"date"`
 	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
 }
@@ -111,7 +116,9 @@ func (OutboundMessage) TableName() string {
 // BanEntry represents an IP address that has been banned due to excessive login failures.
 type BanEntry struct {
 	ID uint `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
-	IPAddress string    `gorm:"size:45;index;not null" json:"ip_address"`
+	// IPAddress 唯一索引：每 IP 恰好一条记录（观察计数与封禁状态共用），
+	// 防止并发写入产生重复行导致计数与档位读写错位。
+	IPAddress string    `gorm:"size:45;uniqueIndex;not null" json:"ip_address"`
 	Reason    string    `gorm:"size:255" json:"reason"`
 	FailCount int       `gorm:"default:0" json:"fail_count"`
 	// BanCount 是该 IP 累计达到失败阈值的次数（含未封禁的前几次）。
@@ -155,10 +162,11 @@ func (ProtocolLog) TableName() string {
 }
 
 // Attachment represents a file attached to an email message.
+// 注意：不声明 Message 关联（避免 GORM 外键名 MessageID 与
+// Message.MessageID 字符串字段冲突，导致 AutoMigrate 生成错误外键）。
 type Attachment struct {
 	ID          uint      `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
 	MessageID   uint      `gorm:"index;not null" json:"message_id"`
-	Message     Message   `gorm:"foreignKey:MessageID" json:"message"`
 	FileName    string    `gorm:"size:255;not null" json:"file_name"`
 	FilePath    string    `gorm:"size:512;not null" json:"file_path"`
 	ContentType string    `gorm:"size:128" json:"content_type"`
@@ -171,6 +179,39 @@ func (Attachment) TableName() string {
 	return "attachments"
 }
 
+// SystemMailbox 定义一个系统预置文件夹（RFC 6154 SPECIAL-USE 角色）。
+type SystemMailbox struct {
+	Name       string // 规范名（INBOX 大小写不敏感）
+	SpecialUse string // Sent / Drafts / Trash；INBOX 为 ""
+}
+
+// SystemMailboxes 是系统预置文件夹清单：IMAP LIST 与 Web 侧边栏
+// 共用此定义，保证「IMAP 返回什么，Web 就显示什么」。
+var SystemMailboxes = []SystemMailbox{
+	{Name: "INBOX", SpecialUse: ""},
+	{Name: "Sent", SpecialUse: "Sent"},
+	{Name: "Drafts", SpecialUse: "Drafts"},
+	{Name: "Trash", SpecialUse: "Trash"},
+}
+
+// Mailbox 表示一个用户文件夹（IMAP mailbox / Web 侧边栏条目）。
+// 系统文件夹在首次访问时由 MailboxStore.EnsureSystem 幂等创建；
+// 自定义文件夹经 IMAP CREATE 创建。
+type Mailbox struct {
+	ID           uint      `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
+	UserID       uint      `gorm:"uniqueIndex:idx_mailbox_user_name;not null" json:"user_id"`
+	Name         string    `gorm:"size:64;uniqueIndex:idx_mailbox_user_name;not null" json:"name"`
+	SpecialUse   string    `gorm:"size:16" json:"special_use"` // 自定义文件夹为空
+	IsSubscribed bool      `gorm:"default:true" json:"is_subscribed"`
+	CreatedAt    time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt    time.Time `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+// TableName specifies the table name for Mailbox.
+func (Mailbox) TableName() string {
+	return "mailboxes"
+}
+
 // MailboxState 记录每个邮箱（用户+文件夹）的持久化 IMAP 状态。
 // UidValidity 在首次访问时随机生成并持久化：数据库重建（消息 ID 空间
 // 变化）后该值随之改变，客户端（Thunderbird 等）会据此丢弃本地缓存

internal/imap_server/integration_test.go

@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
-//go:build !race
+// 集成测试：启动真实 IMAP 监听 + 脚本客户端（go-imap v2 imapclient）。
-
+// v2 库为 race-clean（此前 v1.2.1 库内数据竞争导致本文件必须带
-// 集成测试：启动真实 IMAP 监听 + 脚本客户端（go-imap client）。
+// !race 构建标签，升级后已移除）。推送逻辑的单元覆盖由 notify_test.go 承担。
-// 注意：仅在非 -race 构建下运行——go-imap v1.2.1 存在库内数据竞争
-// （cmd_selected.go STORE 写 *conn.silent() vs listenUpdates 读），
-// 启用 backend 推送（Updates != nil）时必然触发，-race 下会误报。
-// 推送逻辑的竞态覆盖由单元测试（notify_test.go）承担。
 package imap_server
 
 import (
@@ -18,8 +14,8 @@ import (
 	"mail_go/internal/db"
 	"mail_go/internal/store"
 
-	"github.com/emersion/go-imap"
+	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2"
-	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/client"
+	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2/imapclient"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -32,7 +28,7 @@ func startIntegrationServer(t *testing.T) (*store.Stores, string) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
 	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.ProtocolLog{}, &db.BanEntry{}); err != nil {
+	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.ProtocolLog{}, &db.BanEntry{}, &db.MailboxState{}, &db.Mailbox{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
 	}
 	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
@@ -83,23 +79,22 @@ func seedMailbox(t *testing.T, stores *store.Stores, userID uint, n int) []uint
 	return ids
 }
 
-func loginAndSelect(t *testing.T, addr string) *client.Client {
+func loginAndSelect(t *testing.T, addr string) *imapclient.Client {
 	t.Helper()
-	c, err := client.Dial(addr)
+	c, err := imapclient.DialInsecure(addr, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("dial: %v", err)
 	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() { c.Logout() })
+	t.Cleanup(func() { c.Logout().Wait() })
-	if err := c.Login("alice@example.com", "secret123"); err != nil {
+	if err := c.Login("alice@example.com", "secret123").Wait(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("login: %v", err)
 	}
-	if _, err := c.Select("INBOX", false); err != nil {
+	if _, err := c.Select("INBOX", nil).Wait(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("select: %v", err)
 	}
 	return c
 }
 
-// uidOf returns the message id of the newest message by date.
 func assertReadState(t *testing.T, stores *store.Stores, msgID uint, want bool) {
 	t.Helper()
 	msg, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(msgID)
@@ -117,13 +112,13 @@ func TestUidStorePersists(t *testing.T) {
 	ids := seedMailbox(t, stores, 1, 3)
 
 	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
-	seqset := new(imap.SeqSet)
+	cmd := c.Store(imap.UIDSetNum(imap.UID(ids[1])), &imap.StoreFlags{
-	seqset.AddNum(uint32(ids[1])) // UID = 第二条消息
+		Op:    imap.StoreFlagsAdd,
-	ch := make(chan *imap.Message, 1)
+		Flags: []imap.Flag{imap.FlagSeen},
-	if err := c.UidStore(seqset, imap.AddFlags, []interface{}{imap.SeenFlag}, ch); err != nil {
+	}, nil)
+	if _, err := cmd.Collect(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("uid store: %v", err)
 	}
-	<-ch
 
 	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[1], true)
 	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[0], false)
@@ -139,15 +134,13 @@ func TestSeqStoreServerIssued(t *testing.T) {
 	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
 
 	// 拉取全部消息，找到 ids[2]（最新一封）的服务器序号
-	seqsetAll := new(imap.SeqSet)
+	msgs, err := c.Fetch(imap.SeqSetNum(1, 2, 3), &imap.FetchOptions{UID: true}).Collect()
-	seqsetAll.AddRange(1, 3)
+	if err != nil {
-	messages := make(chan *imap.Message, 3)
-	if err := c.Fetch(seqsetAll, []imap.FetchItem{imap.FetchFlags, imap.FetchUid}, messages); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("fetch: %v", err)
 	}
 	var targetSeq uint32
-	for m := range messages {
+	for _, m := range msgs {
-		if m.Uid == uint32(ids[2]) {
+		if m.UID == imap.UID(ids[2]) {
 			targetSeq = m.SeqNum
 		}
 	}
@@ -155,13 +148,13 @@ func TestSeqStoreServerIssued(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("target message not found in fetch")
 	}
 
-	seqset := new(imap.SeqSet)
+	cmd := c.Store(imap.SeqSetNum(targetSeq), &imap.StoreFlags{
-	seqset.AddNum(targetSeq)
+		Op:    imap.StoreFlagsAdd,
-	ch := make(chan *imap.Message, 1)
+		Flags: []imap.Flag{imap.FlagSeen},
-	if err := c.Store(seqset, imap.AddFlags, []interface{}{imap.SeenFlag}, ch); err != nil {
+	}, nil)
+	if _, err := cmd.Collect(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("store: %v", err)
 	}
-	<-ch
 
 	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[2], true)
 }
@@ -177,13 +170,13 @@ func TestSeqStoreClientSelfNumbered(t *testing.T) {
 	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
 
 	// 客户端按日期倒序视图：最新一封 = seq 1
-	seqset := new(imap.SeqSet)
+	cmd := c.Store(imap.SeqSetNum(1), &imap.StoreFlags{
-	seqset.AddNum(1)
+		Op:    imap.StoreFlagsAdd,
-	ch := make(chan *imap.Message, 1)
+		Flags: []imap.Flag{imap.FlagSeen},
-	if err := c.Store(seqset, imap.AddFlags, []interface{}{imap.SeenFlag}, ch); err != nil {
+	}, nil)
+	if _, err := cmd.Collect(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("store: %v", err)
 	}
-	<-ch
 
 	// 客户端意图是标记最新一封（ids[2]）为已读
 	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[2], true)
@@ -191,14 +184,12 @@ func TestSeqStoreClientSelfNumbered(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestFetchBodyMalformedMIME 回归：消息包含无法解析的 MIME（base64 编码的
 // message/rfc822 附件 / 截断的 multipart）时，FETCH BODY/BODYSTRUCTURE
-// 不得因 nil BodyStructure 触发服务器 panic（否则连接中断，客户端只收到
+// 不得 panic（v2 的 ExtractBodyStructure 对畸形 MIME 返回降级结构，
-// 部分邮件或一直卡在同步）。修复前 go-imap send() 协程会 nil 指针崩溃。
+// WriteBodyStructure 要求 Extended 非 nil，两者都需满足）。
 func TestFetchBodyMalformedMIME(t *testing.T) {
 	stores, addr := startIntegrationServer(t)
 
-	// 1) base64 编码的 message/rfc822 附件（转发邮件场景）：
+	// 1) base64 编码的 message/rfc822 附件（转发邮件场景）
-	//    backendutil.FetchBodyStructure 不解码 base64，直接把编码文本
-	//    当嵌套消息头解析 → "malformed MIME header line" 错误。
 	rfc822Body := "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"
 	msgWithRFC822 := &db.Message{
 		UserID:   1,
@@ -224,7 +215,7 @@ func TestFetchBodyMalformedMIME(t *testing.T) {
 			rfc822Body + "\r\n" +
 			"--==fwd==--\r\n",
 	}
-	// 2) 截断的 multipart（缺少结束边界）：BODYSTRUCTURE(extended) 解析报错
+	// 2) 截断的 multipart（缺少结束边界）
 	msgTruncated := &db.Message{
 		UserID:   1,
 		Folder:   "INBOX",
@@ -251,32 +242,260 @@ func TestFetchBodyMalformedMIME(t *testing.T) {
 
 	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
 
-	seqset := new(imap.SeqSet)
+	seqSet := imap.SeqSetNum(1, 2)
-	seqset.AddRange(1, 2)
 
-	// BODY：历史上 message/rfc822 消息解析失败 → nil BodyStructure → panic
+	// BODY（非扩展）
-	msgs := make(chan *imap.Message, 10)
+	msgs, err := c.Fetch(seqSet, &imap.FetchOptions{BodyStructure: &imap.FetchItemBodyStructure{}}).Collect()
-	if err := c.Fetch(seqset, []imap.FetchItem{imap.FetchBody}, msgs); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("fetch body: %v", err)
 	}
-	got := 0
+	if len(msgs) != 2 {
-	for range msgs {
+		t.Fatalf("FETCH BODY 返回 %d/2 封", len(msgs))
-		got++
-	}
-	if got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("FETCH BODY 返回 %d/2 封", got)
 	}
 
-	// BODYSTRUCTURE：截断 multipart 在 extended 解析时报错 → nil → panic
+	// BODYSTRUCTURE（扩展）
-	msgs2 := make(chan *imap.Message, 10)
+	msgs2, err := c.Fetch(seqSet, &imap.FetchOptions{BodyStructure: &imap.FetchItemBodyStructure{Extended: true}}).Collect()
-	if err := c.Fetch(seqset, []imap.FetchItem{imap.FetchBodyStructure}, msgs2); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("fetch bodystructure: %v", err)
 	}
-	got2 := 0
+	if len(msgs2) != 2 {
-	for range msgs2 {
+		t.Fatalf("FETCH BODYSTRUCTURE 返回 %d/2 封", len(msgs2))
-		got2++
-	}
-	if got2 != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("FETCH BODYSTRUCTURE 返回 %d/2 封", got2)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestUidExpungeDeleteFlow 核心回归：模拟 Apple Mail / iOS Mail 的删除流程
+// （UID COPY → Trash + UID STORE \Deleted + UID EXPUNGE）。修复前：
+// \Deleted 只存内存会话、UID EXPUNGE 不被 go-imap v1 支持 → 原邮件留在
+// INBOX，垃圾桶只有副本。修复后：原邮件被真正删除，Trash 留有一份副本。
+func TestUidExpungeDeleteFlow(t *testing.T) {
+	stores, addr := startIntegrationServer(t)
+	ids := seedMailbox(t, stores, 1, 3)
+	uid := imap.UID(ids[1])
+
+	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
+
+	// 1) UID COPY → Trash
+	if _, err := c.Copy(imap.UIDSetNum(uid), "Trash").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("uid copy: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 2) UID STORE +FLAGS.SILENT (\Deleted)
+	if _, err := c.Store(imap.UIDSetNum(uid), &imap.StoreFlags{
+		Op:     imap.StoreFlagsAdd,
+		Silent: true,
+		Flags:  []imap.Flag{imap.FlagDeleted},
+	}, nil).Collect(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("uid store deleted: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 3) UID EXPUNGE
+	seqs, err := c.UIDExpunge(imap.UIDSetNum(uid)).Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("uid expunge: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(seqs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("uid expunge seqs = %v, want 1 条", seqs)
+	}
+
+	// 原邮件必须被真正删除
+	if _, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(ids[1]); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("原邮件仍在数据库，UID EXPUNGE 未生效")
+	}
+	// 其余邮件保留
+	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[0], false)
+	assertReadState(t, stores, ids[2], false)
+	// Trash 中有一份副本
+	trashCount, err := stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(1, "Trash")
+	if err != nil || trashCount != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("Trash count = %d, want 1", trashCount)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestDeletedPersistsAcrossSessions 验证 \Deleted 落库：标记后断开重连
+// （模拟客户端切换文件夹/重连），普通 EXPUNGE 仍能删除。修复前标记只存
+// 内存会话对象，重连后 EXPUNGE 什么都不删。
+func TestDeletedPersistsAcrossSessions(t *testing.T) {
+	stores, addr := startIntegrationServer(t)
+	ids := seedMailbox(t, stores, 1, 3)
+	uid := imap.UID(ids[1])
+
+	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
+	if _, err := c.Store(imap.UIDSetNum(uid), &imap.StoreFlags{
+		Op:     imap.StoreFlagsAdd,
+		Silent: true,
+		Flags:  []imap.Flag{imap.FlagDeleted},
+	}, nil).Collect(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("uid store deleted: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := c.Logout().Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("logout: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 重新连接（新的会话对象，此前标记必须仍在库中）
+	c2, err := imapclient.DialInsecure(addr, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial2: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { c2.Logout().Wait() })
+	if err := c2.Login("alice@example.com", "secret123").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("login2: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := c2.Select("INBOX", nil).Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("select2: %v", err)
+	}
+	seqs, err := c2.Expunge().Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expunge: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(seqs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expunge seqs = %v, want 1 条", seqs)
+	}
+	if _, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(ids[1]); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("标记 \\Deleted 的邮件在重连后未被 EXPUNGE 删除")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUidMoveFlow 验证 UID MOVE：目标文件夹出现该邮件且源文件夹删除。
+func TestUidMoveFlow(t *testing.T) {
+	stores, addr := startIntegrationServer(t)
+	ids := seedMailbox(t, stores, 1, 2)
+	uid := imap.UID(ids[1])
+
+	c := loginAndSelect(t, addr)
+	if _, err := c.Move(imap.UIDSetNum(uid), "Trash").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("uid move: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(ids[1]); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("moved message missing: %v", err)
+	}
+	msg, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(ids[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get moved msg: %v", err)
+	}
+	if msg.Folder != "Trash" {
+		t.Fatalf("moved msg folder = %q, want Trash", msg.Folder)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestListDataDriven 验证文件夹目录由 mailboxes 表驱动：LIST 返回
+// 4 个系统文件夹 + CREATE 的自定义文件夹，且带正确的 SPECIAL-USE 属性；
+// DELETE 非空/系统文件夹被拒绝，LSUB 按订阅过滤。
+func TestListDataDriven(t *testing.T) {
+	stores, addr := startIntegrationServer(t)
+
+	c, err := imapclient.DialInsecure(addr, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { c.Logout().Wait() })
+	if err := c.Login("alice@example.com", "secret123").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("login: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// LIST：系统文件夹齐全且属性正确
+	datas, err := c.List("", "*", nil).Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("list: %v", err)
+	}
+	byName := map[string]*imap.ListData{}
+	for _, d := range datas {
+		byName[d.Mailbox] = d
+	}
+	for _, want := range []string{"INBOX", "Sent", "Drafts", "Trash"} {
+		if _, ok := byName[want]; !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("LIST 缺少 %s", want)
+		}
+	}
+	if !containsAttr(byName["Trash"].Attrs, imap.MailboxAttrTrash) {
+		t.Fatalf("Trash attrs = %v, want \\Trash", byName["Trash"].Attrs)
+	}
+	if !containsAttr(byName["Sent"].Attrs, imap.MailboxAttrSent) {
+		t.Fatalf("Sent attrs = %v, want \\Sent", byName["Sent"].Attrs)
+	}
+
+	// CREATE 自定义文件夹 → LIST 立即可见
+	if err := c.Create("工作", nil).Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create: %v", err)
+	}
+	datas2, err := c.List("", "*", nil).Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("list after create: %v", err)
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, d := range datas2 {
+		if d.Mailbox == "工作" {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("CREATE 后的自定义文件夹未出现在 LIST 中")
+	}
+
+	// 重名创建 → NO
+	if err := c.Create("工作", nil).Wait(); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("重复 CREATE 应返回 NO")
+	}
+
+	// 系统文件夹不可删除
+	if err := c.Delete("Trash").Wait(); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("删除系统文件夹应返回 NO")
+	}
+
+	// 非空自定义文件夹不可删除
+	ids := seedMailbox(t, stores, 1, 1)
+	if _, err := c.Select("INBOX", nil).Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, err := c.Copy(imap.UIDSetNum(imap.UID(ids[0])), "工作").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("copy to custom: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := c.Delete("工作").Wait(); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("删除非空文件夹应返回 NO")
+	}
+
+	// RENAME 自定义文件夹
+	if err := c.Rename("工作", "归档", nil).Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("rename: %v", err)
+	}
+	datas3, err := c.List("", "*", nil).Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("list after rename: %v", err)
+	}
+	renamed := false
+	for _, d := range datas3 {
+		if d.Mailbox == "归档" {
+			renamed = true
+		}
+		if d.Mailbox == "工作" {
+			t.Fatal("旧文件夹名仍出现在 LIST 中")
+		}
+	}
+	if !renamed {
+		t.Fatal("重命名后的文件夹未出现在 LIST 中")
+	}
+
+	// UNSUBSCRIBE → LSUB 不再返回
+	if err := c.Unsubscribe("归档").Wait(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unsubscribe: %v", err)
+	}
+	lsub, err := c.List("", "*", &imap.ListOptions{SelectSubscribed: true}).Collect()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("lsub: %v", err)
+	}
+	for _, d := range lsub {
+		if d.Mailbox == "归档" {
+			t.Fatal("退订后的文件夹不应出现在 LSUB 中")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// containsAttr 判断属性列表是否包含目标属性。
+func containsAttr(attrs []imap.MailboxAttr, want imap.MailboxAttr) bool {
+	for _, a := range attrs {
+		if a == want {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

internal/imap_server/notify_test.go

@@ -10,18 +10,24 @@ import (
 	"mail_go/internal/db"
 	"mail_go/internal/store"
 
-	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/backend"
+	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2"
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
-// TestPushNewMessage 验证本地投递成功后推送的 MessageUpdate 内容正确。
+// fakeSession 构造一个挂接在推送中心上的裸会话（无网络连接），用于
-func TestPushNewMessage(t *testing.T) {
+// 验证 Pusher 的跨会话推送内容与来源排除语义。
+func fakeSession() *imapSession {
+	return &imapSession{notify: make(chan struct{}, 1)}
+}
+
+func newTestServer(t *testing.T) (*IMAPServer, *store.Stores) {
+	t.Helper()
 	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
 	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}); err != nil {
+	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.MailboxState{}, &db.Mailbox{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
 	}
 	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
@@ -34,108 +40,51 @@ func TestPushNewMessage(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := stores.Users.Create(user); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("create user: %v", err)
 	}
-	email := "alice@example.com"
 
-	// 已有一封旧邮件（日期更早）；规范排序最新在前，新邮件应为 INBOX 第 1 封
+	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, connhub.New())
-	old := &db.Message{UserID: user.ID, Folder: "INBOX", FromAddr: "x@y", Subject: "old", Date: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour)}
+	return srv, stores
+}
+
+// TestPushNewMessage 验证本地投递成功后推送给已选中会话的 EXISTS 更新。
+func TestPushNewMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, stores := newTestServer(t)
+
+	// 已有一封旧邮件；新邮件投递后 INBOX 计数应为 2
+	old := &db.Message{UserID: 1, Folder: "INBOX", FromAddr: "x@y", Subject: "old", Date: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour)}
 	if err := stores.Mails.Create(old); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("create old message: %v", err)
 	}
 	inboxMsg := &db.Message{
-		UserID:    user.ID,
+		UserID:   1,
 		Folder:   "INBOX",
 		FromAddr: "sender@other.com",
-		ToAddr:    email,
+		ToAddr:   "alice@example.com",
 		Subject:  "新邮件",
-		RawData:   "From: sender@other.com\r\nSubject: 新邮件\r\n\r\nhello",
-		MessageID: "<new-1@other.com>",
 		Date:     time.Now(),
-		IsRead:    false,
 	}
 	if err := stores.Mails.Create(inboxMsg); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("create message: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	hub := connhub.New()
+	hub := srv.hubForOrCreate("alice@example.com", "INBOX")
-	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, hub)
+	sess := fakeSession()
-	// 模拟明文 + TLS 两个监听器（生产环境由 Start/StartTLS 注册）
+	hub.add(sess)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:143", nil)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:993", nil)
-	srv.PushNewMessage(email, inboxMsg)
 
-	// 两个监听器（明文/TLS）各有一个 backend 通道，都应收到同一更新
+	srv.PushNewMessage("alice@example.com", inboxMsg)
-	srv.beMu.Lock()
-	bes := append([]*imapBackend(nil), srv.bes...)
-	srv.beMu.Unlock()
-	if len(bes) == 0 {
-		t.Fatal("no backends registered")
-	}
 
-	for i, b := range bes {
+	updates := sess.takeUpdates(true)
-		select {
+	if len(updates) != 1 || updates[0].exists == nil {
-		case upd := <-b.updates:
+		t.Fatalf("updates = %+v, want 1 条 EXISTS", updates)
-			mu, ok := upd.(*backend.MessageUpdate)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: update type = %T, want *MessageUpdate", i, upd)
-			}
-			if mu.Username() != email {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: username = %q, want %q", i, mu.Username(), email)
-			}
-			if mu.Mailbox() != "INBOX" {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: mailbox = %q, want INBOX", i, mu.Mailbox())
-			}
-			if mu.Message.Uid != uint32(inboxMsg.ID) {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: uid = %d, want %d", i, mu.Message.Uid, inboxMsg.ID)
-			}
-			if mu.Message.SeqNum != 1 {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: seq = %d, want 1", i, mu.Message.SeqNum)
-			}
-			if mu.Message.Envelope == nil || mu.Message.Envelope.Subject != "新邮件" {
-				t.Fatalf("backend %d: envelope missing subject", i)
-			}
-		case <-time.After(time.Second):
-			t.Fatalf("backend %d: no update received", i)
 	}
+	if *updates[0].exists != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("EXISTS = %d, want 2", *updates[0].exists)
 	}
 }
 
-// TestPushNewMessageChannelFull 验证通道满时推送不阻塞（非阻塞丢弃）。
+// TestPushNewMessageNoSession 验证无会话选中时推送为 no-op（不 panic）。
-func TestPushNewMessageChannelFull(t *testing.T) {
+func TestPushNewMessageNoSession(t *testing.T) {
-	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	srv, _ := newTestServer(t)
-	if err != nil {
+	srv.PushNewMessage("alice@example.com", &db.Message{ID: 1, UserID: 1, Folder: "INBOX", Date: time.Now()})
-		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
-	}
-	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
-
-	hub := connhub.New()
-	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, hub)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:143", nil)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:993", nil)
-
-	msg := &db.Message{ID: 1, Folder: "INBOX", Date: time.Now()}
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		// 灌满所有 backend 通道（容量 256），再调用必须立即返回
-		srv.beMu.Lock()
-		bes := append([]*imapBackend(nil), srv.bes...)
-		srv.beMu.Unlock()
-		for _, b := range bes {
-			for i := 0; i < cap(b.updates); i++ {
-				b.updates <- backend.NewUpdate("a@b", "INBOX")
-			}
-		}
-		srv.PushNewMessage("a@b", msg)
-		close(done)
-	}()
-
-	select {
-	case <-done:
-	case <-time.After(time.Second):
-		t.Fatal("PushNewMessage blocked on full channel")
-	}
 }
 
 // TestPushNewMessageNilSafe 验证空参数/空指针安全。
@@ -145,155 +94,114 @@ func TestPushNewMessageNilSafe(t *testing.T) {
 	srv = NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, nil, nil, config.BanConfig{}, nil)
 	srv.PushNewMessage("", &db.Message{ID: 1}) // 空邮箱
 	srv.PushNewMessage("a@b", nil)             // 空消息
+	srv.PushFlagsChanged("", "", nil)
+	srv.PushExpunged("", "", nil)
 }
 
 // TestPushFlagsChanged 验证标志变化（已读/星标）推送内容正确。
 func TestPushFlagsChanged(t *testing.T) {
-	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	srv, stores := newTestServer(t)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
-	}
-	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
 
-	domain := &db.Domain{Name: "example.com"}
+	msg := &db.Message{UserID: 1, Folder: "INBOX", FromAddr: "x@y", Subject: "s", Date: time.Now()}
-	if err := stores.Domains.Create(domain); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("create domain: %v", err)
-	}
-	user := &db.User{Username: "alice", DomainID: domain.ID, IsActive: true}
-	if err := stores.Users.Create(user); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("create user: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	msg := &db.Message{UserID: user.ID, Folder: "INBOX", FromAddr: "x@y", Subject: "s", Date: time.Now()}
 	if err := stores.Mails.Create(msg); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("create message: %v", err)
 	}
 	msg.IsRead = true
 	msg.IsFlagged = true
 
-	hub := connhub.New()
+	hub := srv.hubForOrCreate("alice@example.com", "INBOX")
-	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, hub)
+	sess := fakeSession()
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:143", nil)
+	hub.add(sess)
+
 	srv.PushFlagsChanged("alice@example.com", "INBOX", msg)
 
-	srv.beMu.Lock()
+	updates := sess.takeUpdates(true)
-	b := srv.bes[0]
+	if len(updates) != 1 || updates[0].fetch == nil {
-	srv.beMu.Unlock()
+		t.Fatalf("updates = %+v, want 1 条 FETCH", updates)
-
-	select {
-	case upd := <-b.updates:
-		mu, ok := upd.(*backend.MessageUpdate)
-		if !ok {
-			t.Fatalf("update type = %T, want *MessageUpdate", upd)
 	}
-		if mu.Username() != "alice@example.com" || mu.Mailbox() != "INBOX" {
+	f := updates[0].fetch
-			t.Fatalf("update targeting = %s/%s", mu.Username(), mu.Mailbox())
+	if f.uid != imap.UID(msg.ID) {
+		t.Fatalf("uid = %d, want %d", f.uid, msg.ID)
 	}
-		if mu.Message.Uid != uint32(msg.ID) {
+	got := make(map[imap.Flag]bool)
-			t.Fatalf("uid = %d, want %d", mu.Message.Uid, msg.ID)
+	for _, fl := range f.flags {
+		got[fl] = true
 	}
-		got := make(map[string]bool)
+	if !got[imap.FlagSeen] || !got[imap.FlagFlagged] {
-		for _, f := range mu.Message.Flags {
+		t.Fatalf("flags = %v, want \\Seen and \\Flagged", f.flags)
-			got[f] = true
-		}
-		if !got["\\Seen"] || !got["\\Flagged"] {
-			t.Fatalf("flags = %v, want \\Seen and \\Flagged", mu.Message.Flags)
-		}
-	case <-time.After(time.Second):
-		t.Fatal("no flags update received")
 	}
 }
 
-// TestPushExpunged 验证删除推送：每条序号一个 ExpungeUpdate。
+// TestPushExpunged 验证删除推送：每条序号一个 EXPUNGE 更新。
 func TestPushExpunged(t *testing.T) {
-	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	srv, _ := newTestServer(t)
-	if err != nil {
+
-		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
+	hub := srv.hubForOrCreate("alice@example.com", "INBOX")
-	}
+	sess := fakeSession()
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.Message{}); err != nil {
+	hub.add(sess)
-		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
-	}
-	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
 
-	hub := connhub.New()
-	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, hub)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:143", nil)
 	srv.PushExpunged("alice@example.com", "INBOX", []uint32{2, 5})
 
-	srv.beMu.Lock()
+	updates := sess.takeUpdates(true)
-	b := srv.bes[0]
-	srv.beMu.Unlock()
-
-	var seqs []uint32
-	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
-		select {
-		case upd := <-b.updates:
-			eu, ok := upd.(*backend.ExpungeUpdate)
-			if !ok {
-				t.Fatalf("update type = %T, want *ExpungeUpdate", upd)
-			}
-			if eu.Username() != "alice@example.com" || eu.Mailbox() != "INBOX" {
-				t.Fatalf("update targeting = %s/%s", eu.Username(), eu.Mailbox())
-			}
-			seqs = append(seqs, eu.SeqNum)
-		case <-time.After(time.Second):
-			t.Fatal("no expunge update received")
-		}
-	}
-	if seqs[0] != 2 || seqs[1] != 5 {
-		t.Fatalf("seqs = %v, want [2 5]", seqs)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestBroadcastUpdateIsolatedPerListener 回归测试：同一更新广播到多个监听器
-// 时，每个监听器必须持有独立的 Update 对象（独立 Done channel），否则
-// 多个 listenUpdates 会对同一 channel 二次 close 导致
-// panic: close of closed channel。
-func TestBroadcastUpdateIsolatedPerListener(t *testing.T) {
-	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.Message{}); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
-	}
-	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
-
-	hub := connhub.New()
-	srv := NewIMAPServer(config.IMAPConfig{}, stores, nil, config.BanConfig{}, hub)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:143", nil)
-	srv.newServer("127.0.0.1:993", nil)
-
-	srv.PushExpunged("alice@example.com", "INBOX", []uint32{1})
-
-	srv.beMu.Lock()
-	bes := append([]*imapBackend(nil), srv.bes...)
-	srv.beMu.Unlock()
-
-	// 每个监听器各收到一条更新
-	var updates []backend.Update
-	for i, b := range bes {
-		select {
-		case upd := <-b.updates:
-			updates = append(updates, upd)
-		case <-time.After(time.Second):
-			t.Fatalf("backend %d: no update received", i)
-		}
-	}
 	if len(updates) != 2 {
 		t.Fatalf("updates = %d, want 2", len(updates))
 	}
-
+	if updates[0].expunge == nil || updates[1].expunge == nil {
-	// 关键断言：两条更新必须拥有独立的 Done channel
+		t.Fatalf("updates = %+v, want expunge updates", updates)
-	if updates[0].Done() == updates[1].Done() {
+	}
-		t.Fatal("listeners share the same Done channel: double close would panic")
+	if *updates[0].expunge != 2 || *updates[1].expunge != 5 {
+		t.Fatalf("seqs = %d,%d, want 2,5", *updates[0].expunge, *updates[1].expunge)
+	}
 }
 
-	// 模拟两个 listenUpdates 各自执行 close(update.Done())：修复前必 panic
+// TestHubExcludesSource 验证来源会话不会收到自己动作的回声推送：
-	for _, upd := range updates {
+// 会话 A 的 STORE/EXPUNGE 只分发给同邮箱的其他会话（本会话的响应已由
-		close(upd.Done())
+// 命令本身写回）。回归：v2 库自带 MailboxTracker 对 EXPUNGE/EXISTS 无法
+// 排除来源，曾导致本会话在后续 Poll 时收到重复 EXPUNGE。
+func TestHubExcludesSource(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, _ := newTestServer(t)
+
+	hub := srv.hubForOrCreate("alice@example.com", "INBOX")
+	source := fakeSession()
+	other := fakeSession()
+	hub.add(source)
+	hub.add(other)
+
+	hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{expunge: ptrU32(3)}, source)
+
+	if got := source.takeUpdates(true); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("source 收到 %d 条回声更新，want 0", len(got))
+	}
+	got := other.takeUpdates(true)
+	if len(got) != 1 || got[0].expunge == nil || *got[0].expunge != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("other updates = %+v, want 1 条 expunge(3)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestPollAllowExpunge 验证 FETCH/STORE/SEARCH 期间不下发 EXPUNGE
+// （allowExpunge=false 时遇到 EXPUNGE 停止），与 RFC 一致。
+func TestPollAllowExpunge(t *testing.T) {
+	srv, _ := newTestServer(t)
+
+	hub := srv.hubForOrCreate("alice@example.com", "INBOX")
+	sess := fakeSession()
+	hub.add(sess)
+
+	hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{fetch: &sessionFetchUpdate{seq: 1, uid: 1, flags: []imap.Flag{imap.FlagSeen}}}, nil)
+	hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{expunge: ptrU32(2)}, nil)
+	hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{fetch: &sessionFetchUpdate{seq: 3, uid: 3, flags: []imap.Flag{imap.FlagSeen}}}, nil)
+
+	// allowExpunge=false：只取到第一条 FETCH，EXPUNGE 及其后的留在队列
+	updates := sess.takeUpdates(false)
+	if len(updates) != 1 || updates[0].fetch == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("updates = %+v, want 仅 1 条 FETCH", updates)
+	}
+	// allowExpunge=true：剩余全部下发
+	rest := sess.takeUpdates(true)
+	if len(rest) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("rest = %d, want 2", len(rest))
+	}
+	if rest[0].expunge == nil || *rest[0].expunge != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("rest[0] = %+v, want expunge(2)", rest[0])
 	}
 }

internal/imap_server/server.go

@@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ import (
 	"mail_go/internal/store"
 	"mail_go/internal/tlsutil"
 
-	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/backend"
+	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2"
-	imapserver "github.com/emersion/go-imap/server"
+	imapserver "github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2/imapserver"
 )
 
 // Pusher 是 IMAP 实时推送接口：SMTP/POP3/Web 在邮件状态变化后调用，
-// 由 go-imap 广播给相关客户端（按用户名+邮箱过滤，IDLE 时即时送达）。
+// 更新经 mailboxHub 分发给已选中对应邮箱的其他会话（IDLE 时即时送达）。
 type Pusher interface {
 	// PushNewMessage 推送新邮件（本地投递成功）。
 	PushNewMessage(userEmail string, msg *db.Message)
-	// PushFlagsChanged 推送已读/星标等标志变化（MessageUpdate）。
+	// PushFlagsChanged 推送已读/星标等标志变化。
 	PushFlagsChanged(userEmail, mailbox string, msg *db.Message)
-	// PushExpunged 推送邮件被删除（ExpungeUpdate，seqNums 为删除前序号）。
+	// PushExpunged 推送邮件被删除（seqNums 为删除前序号）。
 	PushExpunged(userEmail, mailbox string, seqNums []uint32)
 }
 
-// IMAPServer wraps a go-imap Server and provides mailbox access capability.
+// IMAPServer 管理 IMAP/IMAPS 监听器、会话注册与跨会话推送。
 type IMAPServer struct {
 	stores    *store.Stores
 	cfg       config.IMAPConfig
@@ -37,9 +37,14 @@ type IMAPServer struct {
 	tlsLoader *tlsutil.Loader
 	hub       *connhub.Hub
 
-	beMu sync.Mutex
+	// svc 邮箱服务层（文件夹目录/消息操作），IMAP 会话与 Web 共用。
-	bes  []*imapBackend       // 各监听器（明文/TLS）的 backend，用于新邮件推送
+	svc *MailboxService
-	srvs []*imapserver.Server // 各监听器实例，用于强制断开连接
+
+	// hubs 按「用户邮箱 + 文件夹」索引的推送中心，会话 SELECT 时加入。
+	mu   sync.Mutex
+	hubs map[string]*mailboxHub
+	// sessions 全部活跃会话（DisconnectByAddr 用）。
+	sessions map[*imapSession]struct{}
 }
 
 // NewIMAPServer creates a new IMAP server instance. tlsLoader may be nil
@@ -51,118 +56,115 @@ func NewIMAPServer(cfg config.IMAPConfig, stores *store.Stores, tlsLoader *tlsut
 		banCfg:    banCfg,
 		tlsLoader: tlsLoader,
 		hub:       hub,
+		svc:       NewMailboxService(stores),
+		hubs:      make(map[string]*mailboxHub),
+		sessions:  make(map[*imapSession]struct{}),
 	}
 }
 
-// NotifyNewMessage 向所有 IMAP 监听器推送新邮件通知（go-imap 广播时按
+// MailboxService 返回邮箱服务层（Web handler 共用）。
-// 用户名+邮箱过滤，只送达已选中 INBOX 的客户端，IDLE 挂起时实时收到
+func (s *IMAPServer) MailboxService() *MailboxService {
-// FETCH 响应）。由 SMTP/Web 本地投递成功时调用；channel 满时非阻塞丢弃。
+	return s.svc
+}
+
+// hubKey 生成推送中心索引键。
+func hubKey(userEmail, mailbox string) string {
+	return userEmail + "\x00" + mailbox
+}
+
+// hubFor 返回已存在的推送中心，不存在返回 nil。
+func (s *IMAPServer) hubFor(userEmail, mailbox string) *mailboxHub {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	return s.hubs[hubKey(userEmail, mailbox)]
+}
+
+// hubForOrCreate 返回推送中心，不存在则创建。
+func (s *IMAPServer) hubForOrCreate(userEmail, mailbox string) *mailboxHub {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	key := hubKey(userEmail, mailbox)
+	h := s.hubs[key]
+	if h == nil {
+		h = newMailboxHub()
+		s.hubs[key] = h
+	}
+	return h
+}
+
+func (s *IMAPServer) unregisterSession(sess *imapSession) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	delete(s.sessions, sess)
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// NotifyNewMessage 推送新邮件到达通知：EXISTS 计数 + 标记更新。
+// 由 SMTP/Web 本地投递成功时调用；无会话选中该邮箱时为 no-op。
+// 推送目标邮箱取 msg.Folder（本地投递为 INBOX；Web 移动/恢复时
+// 用于通知目标文件夹，如 Trash）。
 func (s *IMAPServer) PushNewMessage(userEmail string, msg *db.Message) {
-	if s == nil || userEmail == "" || msg == nil {
+	if s == nil || userEmail == "" || msg == nil || msg.Folder == "" {
 		return
 	}
-	update := buildNewMessageUpdate(s.stores, userEmail, "INBOX", msg)
+	hub := s.hubFor(userEmail, msg.Folder)
-	if update == nil {
+	if hub == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	s.broadcastUpdate(update, userEmail, msg.ID)
+	if count, err := s.stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(msg.UserID, msg.Folder); err == nil {
+		hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{exists: ptrU32(uint32(count))}, nil)
+	}
 }
 
-// PushFlagsChanged 推送邮件标志（已读/星标等）变化给同用户的其他客户端。
+// PushFlagsChanged 推送邮件标志（已读/星标/删除标记）变化给同用户其他会话。
 func (s *IMAPServer) PushFlagsChanged(userEmail, mailbox string, msg *db.Message) {
 	if s == nil || userEmail == "" || mailbox == "" || msg == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	update := buildFlagsUpdate(s.stores, userEmail, mailbox, msg, false)
+	hub := s.hubFor(userEmail, mailbox)
-	if update == nil {
+	if hub == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	s.broadcastUpdate(update, userEmail, msg.ID)
+	seq := seqOf(s.stores, msg.UserID, mailbox, msg.ID)
+	if seq == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{fetch: &sessionFetchUpdate{
+		seq:   seq,
+		uid:   imap.UID(msg.ID),
+		flags: flagsOf(msg.IsRead, msg.IsFlagged, msg.IsDeleted),
+	}}, nil)
 }
 
-// PushExpunged 推送邮件被删除（每条序号一个 ExpungeUpdate）。
+// PushExpunged 推送邮件被删除（每条序号一个 EXPUNGE 更新）。
 func (s *IMAPServer) PushExpunged(userEmail, mailbox string, seqNums []uint32) {
 	if s == nil || userEmail == "" || mailbox == "" || len(seqNums) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
+	hub := s.hubFor(userEmail, mailbox)
+	if hub == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	for _, seq := range seqNums {
-		update := &backend.ExpungeUpdate{
+		hub.enqueue(sessionUpdate{expunge: ptrU32(seq)}, nil)
-			Update: backend.NewUpdate(userEmail, mailbox),
-			SeqNum: seq,
 	}
-		s.broadcastUpdate(update, userEmail, 0)
-	}
-}
-
-// broadcastUpdate 把一条更新非阻塞地投递到所有监听器的推送通道。
-// 每个监听器必须收到独立的 Update 对象（各自独立的 Done channel）：
-// 每个监听器的 listenUpdates 都会对 update.Done() 执行 close，共享
-// 同一对象会导致对同一 channel 二次 close 而 panic。
-func (s *IMAPServer) broadcastUpdate(update backend.Update, userEmail string, msgID uint) {
-	s.beMu.Lock()
-	bes := append([]*imapBackend(nil), s.bes...)
-	s.beMu.Unlock()
-
-	for _, b := range bes {
-		select {
-		case b.updates <- cloneUpdate(update):
-		default:
-			log.Printf("IMAP: 推送通道已满，丢弃 %s 的更新 (msg=%d)", userEmail, msgID)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// cloneUpdate 按类型复制一条 backend.Update：载荷（消息/序号）共享，
-// 但 Username/Mailbox/Done channel 重置为独立实例。
-func cloneUpdate(u backend.Update) backend.Update {
-	switch u := u.(type) {
-	case *backend.MessageUpdate:
-		return &backend.MessageUpdate{
-			Update:  backend.NewUpdate(u.Username(), u.Mailbox()),
-			Message: u.Message,
-		}
-	case *backend.ExpungeUpdate:
-		return &backend.ExpungeUpdate{
-			Update: backend.NewUpdate(u.Username(), u.Mailbox()),
-			SeqNum: u.SeqNum,
-		}
-	default:
-		// 防御：未知类型原样传递（当前不存在此类更新）
-		return u
-	}
-}
-
-// registerBackend 记录新建的 backend（用于新邮件推送）。
-func (s *IMAPServer) registerBackend(be *imapBackend) {
-	s.beMu.Lock()
-	s.bes = append(s.bes, be)
-	s.beMu.Unlock()
-}
-
-// registerServer 记录监听器实例（用于强制断开连接）。
-func (s *IMAPServer) registerServer(srv *imapserver.Server) {
-	s.beMu.Lock()
-	s.srvs = append(s.srvs, srv)
-	s.beMu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // DisconnectByAddr 强制断开指定远端地址的连接（管理后台「断开并封禁」）。
-// 关闭连接会触发 go-imap 的收尾流程（user.Logout、协议日志回填、hub 注销）。
+// 发送 BYE 并关闭底层连接，触发库的收尾流程（session.Close、协议日志回填）。
 func (s *IMAPServer) DisconnectByAddr(remoteAddr string) {
 	if s == nil || remoteAddr == "" {
 		return
 	}
-	s.beMu.Lock()
+	s.mu.Lock()
-	srvs := append([]*imapserver.Server(nil), s.srvs...)
+	var targets []*imapSession
-	s.beMu.Unlock()
+	for sess := range s.sessions {
-
+		if sess.remoteAddr == remoteAddr {
-	for _, srv := range srvs {
+			targets = append(targets, sess)
-		srv.ForEachConn(func(conn imapserver.Conn) {
-			info := conn.Info()
-			if info != nil && info.RemoteAddr != nil && info.RemoteAddr.String() == remoteAddr {
-				_ = conn.Close()
 		}
-		})
+	}
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+	for _, sess := range targets {
+		_ = sess.conn.Bye("Connection closed by administrator")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -174,25 +176,42 @@ func (s *IMAPServer) tlsConfig() (*tls.Config, error) {
 	return &tls.Config{GetCertificate: s.tlsLoader.GetCertificate}, nil
 }
 
-// newServer creates a configured imapserver.Server with the given address.
+// imapCaps 是服务器支持的能力集：UIDPLUS（RFC 4315）提供 UID EXPUNGE、
-func (s *IMAPServer) newServer(addr string, tlsConfig *tls.Config) *imapserver.Server {
+// COPYUID/APPENDUID 支持；MOVE 由 SessionMove 实现；IDLE/UNSELECT 在
-	be := &imapBackend{
+// IMAP4rev1 认证后由库自动广告。
-		stores:         s.stores,
+var imapCaps = imap.CapSet{
-		banCfg:         s.banCfg,
+	imap.CapIMAP4rev1:   {},
-		port:           portOf(addr),
+	imap.CapUIDPlus:     {},
-		hub:            s.hub,
+	imap.CapMove:        {},
-		updates:        make(chan backend.Update, 256),
+	imap.CapLiteralPlus: {},
-		disconnectAddr: s.DisconnectByAddr,
+	imap.CapChildren:    {},
+	imap.CapSpecialUse:  {},
 }
-	s.registerBackend(be)
+
-	srv := imapserver.New(be)
+// newServer 创建指定监听地址的 IMAP 服务（会话工厂捕获监听端口）。
-	srv.Addr = addr
+func (s *IMAPServer) newServer(addr string, tlsConfig *tls.Config) *imapserver.Server {
-	srv.TLSConfig = tlsConfig
+	port := portOf(addr)
-	srv.AllowInsecureAuth = tlsConfig == nil
+	srv := imapserver.New(&imapserver.Options{
-	s.registerServer(srv)
+		Caps:         imapCaps,
+		NewSession:   s.newSessionFactory(port),
+		TLSConfig:    tlsConfig,
+		InsecureAuth: tlsConfig == nil,
+	})
 	return srv
 }
 
+// newSessionFactory 构造会话工厂：每个连接一个 imapSession，注册到
+// 会话表（DisconnectByAddr 用）。
+func (s *IMAPServer) newSessionFactory(port int) func(conn *imapserver.Conn) (imapserver.Session, *imapserver.GreetingData, error) {
+	return func(conn *imapserver.Conn) (imapserver.Session, *imapserver.GreetingData, error) {
+		sess := newImapSession(s, conn, port)
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		s.sessions[sess] = struct{}{}
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		return sess, nil, nil
+	}
+}
+
 // portOf 从监听地址解析端口号，失败返回 0。
 func portOf(addr string) int {
 	_, portStr, err := net.SplitHostPort(addr)
@@ -206,29 +225,26 @@ func portOf(addr string) int {
 	return port
 }
 
-// Start starts the IMAP server on the plain-text port.
+// Start starts the IMAP server on the plain-text port (STARTTLS enabled
+// when a certificate is configured).
 func (s *IMAPServer) Start() error {
 	tlsConfig, err := s.tlsConfig()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("IMAP STARTTLS 未启用: %v", err)
+		tlsConfig = nil
 	}
 	srv := s.newServer(s.cfg.Addr, tlsConfig)
 	log.Printf("IMAP server listening on %s", s.cfg.Addr)
-	return srv.ListenAndServe()
+	return srv.ListenAndServe(s.cfg.Addr)
 }
 
-// StartTLS starts the IMAP server on the TLS port.
+// StartTLS starts the IMAP server on the implicit TLS port.
 func (s *IMAPServer) StartTLS() error {
 	tlsConfig, err := s.tlsConfig()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
 	srv := s.newServer(s.cfg.TLSAddr, tlsConfig)
-
 	log.Printf("IMAPS server listening on %s", s.cfg.TLSAddr)
-	return srv.ListenAndServeTLS()
+	return srv.ListenAndServeTLS(s.cfg.TLSAddr)
 }
-
-// ensure imapBackend satisfies backend.Backend at compile time
-var _ backend.Backend = (*imapBackend)(nil)

internal/imap_server/service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+package imap_server
+
+// MailboxService 是邮箱（文件夹）与消息操作的服务层：
+// IMAP 会话与 Web handler 共用同一份实现，保证「IMAP LIST 返回什么，
+// Web 就显示什么」，且移动/删除等操作走同一语义（如移入 Trash）。
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+
+	"mail_go/internal/db"
+	"mail_go/internal/store"
+
+	"github.com/emersion/go-imap/v2"
+)
+
+// FolderInfo 是一个文件夹在列表页（IMAP LIST / Web 侧边栏）
+// 展示所需的信息。
+type FolderInfo struct {
+	Name       string
+	SpecialUse string
+	Subscribed bool
+	Total      int64
+	Unseen     int64
+}
+
+// MailboxService 提供用户级邮箱操作。
+type MailboxService struct {
+	stores *store.Stores
+}
+
+// NewMailboxService creates a MailboxService backed by stores.
+func NewMailboxService(stores *store.Stores) *MailboxService {
+	return &MailboxService{stores: stores}
+}
+
+// ListAll 返回用户全部文件夹（先确保系统文件夹存在）。
+func (s *MailboxService) ListAll(userID uint) ([]db.Mailbox, error) {
+	if err := s.stores.Mailboxes.EnsureSystem(userID); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return s.stores.Mailboxes.List(userID)
+}
+
+// List 返回用户全部文件夹及统计信息（IMAP LIST / Web 侧边栏同源）。
+func (s *MailboxService) List(userID uint) ([]FolderInfo, error) {
+	mbs, err := s.ListAll(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	infos := make([]FolderInfo, 0, len(mbs))
+	for _, mb := range mbs {
+		total, err := s.stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(userID, mb.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("mailbox: 统计 %s 邮件数失败: %v", mb.Name, err)
+		}
+		unseen, err := s.stores.Mails.CountUnread(userID, mb.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("mailbox: 统计 %s 未读数失败: %v", mb.Name, err)
+		}
+		infos = append(infos, FolderInfo{
+			Name:       mb.Name,
+			SpecialUse: mb.SpecialUse,
+			Subscribed: mb.IsSubscribed,
+			Total:      total,
+			Unseen:     unseen,
+		})
+	}
+	return infos, nil
+}
+
+// Canonical 规范化邮箱名：INBOX 大小写不敏感，其余按 DB 实际名称
+// 精确匹配。会先确保系统文件夹存在（客户端可能不 LIST 直接 SELECT）。
+func (s *MailboxService) Canonical(userID uint, name string) (string, bool) {
+	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	if name == "" {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	if err := s.stores.Mailboxes.EnsureSystem(userID); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("mailbox: EnsureSystem 失败 user=%d: %v", userID, err)
+		return "", false
+	}
+	if strings.EqualFold(name, "INBOX") {
+		return "INBOX", true
+	}
+	mb, err := s.stores.Mailboxes.GetByName(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return mb.Name, true
+}
+
+// Messages 分页返回用户某文件夹的邮件。
+func (s *MailboxService) Messages(userID uint, name string, page, size int) ([]db.Message, int64, error) {
+	return s.stores.Mails.ListByUserAndFolder(userID, name, page, size)
+}
+
+// Select 计算 SELECT 响应数据（会话负责 hub 绑定与选中状态）。
+func (s *MailboxService) Select(userID uint, name string) (*imap.SelectData, error) {
+	msgs, err := s.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	maxID, err := s.stores.Mails.MaxIDByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	uidValidity, err := s.stores.MailboxState.UidValidity(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("IMAP: 获取 UIDVALIDITY 失败 folder=%s: %v", name, err)
+		uidValidity = 1
+	}
+	flags := []imap.Flag{imap.FlagAnswered, imap.FlagFlagged, imap.FlagDeleted, imap.FlagSeen, imap.FlagDraft}
+	return &imap.SelectData{
+		Flags:          flags,
+		PermanentFlags: append(flags, imap.FlagWildcard),
+		NumMessages:    uint32(len(msgs)),
+		NumRecent:      0,
+		UIDNext:        imap.UID(maxID + 1),
+		UIDValidity:    uidValidity,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Status 计算 STATUS 响应数据。
+func (s *MailboxService) Status(userID uint, name string, options *imap.StatusOptions) (*imap.StatusData, error) {
+	msgs, err := s.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	data := &imap.StatusData{Mailbox: name}
+
+	if options.NumMessages || options.NumUnseen || options.NumDeleted || options.Size {
+		var unseen, deleted uint32
+		var size int64
+		for i := range msgs {
+			if !msgs[i].IsRead {
+				unseen++
+			}
+			if msgs[i].IsDeleted {
+				deleted++
+			}
+			size += int64(len(messageRawData(&msgs[i])))
+		}
+		if options.NumMessages {
+			n := uint32(len(msgs))
+			data.NumMessages = &n
+		}
+		if options.NumUnseen {
+			data.NumUnseen = &unseen
+		}
+		if options.NumDeleted {
+			data.NumDeleted = &deleted
+		}
+		if options.Size {
+			data.Size = &size
+		}
+	}
+	if options.NumRecent {
+		zero := uint32(0)
+		data.NumRecent = &zero
+	}
+	if options.UIDNext {
+		maxID, err := s.stores.Mails.MaxIDByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		data.UIDNext = imap.UID(maxID + 1)
+	}
+	if options.UIDValidity {
+		uidValidity, err := s.stores.MailboxState.UidValidity(userID, name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		data.UIDValidity = uidValidity
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+// validateMailboxName 校验自定义文件夹名（IMAP CREATE/RENAME 用）。
+func validateMailboxName(name string) error {
+	if name == "" || len(name) > 64 {
+		return store.ErrMailboxInvalid
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(name, "/") || name == "." || name == ".." {
+		return store.ErrMailboxInvalid
+	}
+	for _, r := range name {
+		if r < 0x20 || r == 0x7f {
+			return store.ErrMailboxInvalid
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Create 创建自定义文件夹。
+func (s *MailboxService) Create(userID uint, name string) error {
+	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	if err := validateMailboxName(name); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if strings.EqualFold(name, "INBOX") {
+		return store.ErrMailboxExists
+	}
+	if err := s.stores.Mailboxes.EnsureSystem(userID); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := s.stores.Mailboxes.GetByName(userID, name); err == nil {
+		return store.ErrMailboxExists
+	}
+	return s.stores.Mailboxes.Create(&db.Mailbox{
+		UserID:       userID,
+		Name:         name,
+		IsSubscribed: true,
+	})
+}
+
+// Delete 删除空的自定义文件夹（系统文件夹拒绝）。
+func (s *MailboxService) Delete(userID uint, name string) error {
+	name, ok := s.Canonical(userID, name)
+	if !ok {
+		return store.ErrMailboxNotFound
+	}
+	if isSystemMailboxName(name) {
+		return store.ErrMailboxSystem
+	}
+	return s.stores.Mailboxes.Delete(userID, name)
+}
+
+// Rename 重命名自定义文件夹（系统文件夹拒绝）。
+func (s *MailboxService) Rename(userID uint, oldName, newName string) error {
+	oldName, ok := s.Canonical(userID, oldName)
+	if !ok {
+		return store.ErrMailboxNotFound
+	}
+	if isSystemMailboxName(oldName) {
+		return store.ErrMailboxSystem
+	}
+	newName = strings.TrimSpace(newName)
+	if err := validateMailboxName(newName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if strings.EqualFold(newName, "INBOX") || isSystemMailboxName(newName) {
+		return store.ErrMailboxInvalid
+	}
+	if _, err := s.stores.Mailboxes.GetByName(userID, newName); err == nil {
+		return store.ErrMailboxExists
+	}
+	return s.stores.Mailboxes.Rename(userID, oldName, newName)
+}
+
+// SetSubscribed 更新文件夹订阅状态（LSUB 过滤用）。
+func (s *MailboxService) SetSubscribed(userID uint, name string, subscribed bool) error {
+	name, ok := s.Canonical(userID, name)
+	if !ok {
+		return store.ErrMailboxNotFound
+	}
+	return s.stores.Mailboxes.SetSubscribed(userID, name, subscribed)
+}
+
+// Move 把多封邮件移动到目标文件夹（web 删除=移入 Trash、恢复等共用）。
+// 不属于该用户的邮件被跳过。
+func (s *MailboxService) Move(userID uint, msgIDs []uint, dest string) error {
+	if len(msgIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if _, ok := s.Canonical(userID, dest); !ok {
+		return store.ErrMailboxNotFound
+	}
+	for _, id := range msgIDs {
+		msg, err := s.stores.Mails.GetByID(id)
+		if err != nil || msg.UserID != userID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := s.stores.Mails.MoveToFolder(id, dest); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Purge 永久删除文件夹中的邮件；msgIDs 为空时删除全部。
+// 返回被删除前的邮件列表（调用方据此推送 EXPUNGE）。
+func (s *MailboxService) Purge(userID uint, name string, msgIDs []uint) ([]db.Message, error) {
+	var msgs []db.Message
+	var err error
+	if len(msgIDs) == 0 {
+		msgs, err = s.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		msgIDs = make([]uint, 0, len(msgs))
+		for i := range msgs {
+			msgIDs = append(msgIDs, msgs[i].ID)
+		}
+	} else {
+		for _, id := range msgIDs {
+			msg, err := s.stores.Mails.GetByID(id)
+			if err != nil || msg.UserID != userID || msg.Folder != name {
+				continue
+			}
+			msgs = append(msgs, *msg)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(msgIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if err := s.stores.Mails.DeleteMany(msgIDs); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return msgs, nil
+}
+
+// isSystemMailboxName reports whether name is one of the system mailboxes.
+func isSystemMailboxName(name string) bool {
+	for _, def := range db.SystemMailboxes {
+		if def.Name == name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// mailboxAttrs 把 SpecialUse 映射为 RFC 6154 的 IMAP 属性。
+func mailboxAttrs(mb db.Mailbox) []imap.MailboxAttr {
+	switch mb.SpecialUse {
+	case "Sent":
+		return []imap.MailboxAttr{imap.MailboxAttrSent}
+	case "Drafts":
+		return []imap.MailboxAttr{imap.MailboxAttrDrafts}
+	case "Trash":
+		return []imap.MailboxAttr{imap.MailboxAttrTrash}
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}

internal/pop3_server/server.go

@@ -397,8 +397,9 @@ func (s *POP3Server) handlePASS(conn net.Conn, password string, user *db.User) (
 
 	authUser, err := s.stores.Users.AuthenticateLogin(user.Username, password)
 	if err != nil {
-		// 认证失败计数，达到阈值按档位封禁（与 Web 登录共用 ban_entries）
+		// 认证失败计数，达到阈值按档位封禁（与 Web 登录共用 ban_entries）。
-		s.stores.RecordAuthFailure(clientIP, s.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, s.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "邮件协议认证失败次数过多")
+		// 用户名不存在（枚举型爆破）跳过宽限首次触发即封。
+		s.stores.RecordAuthFailure(clientIP, s.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, s.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "邮件协议认证失败次数过多", s.stores.Users.LoginExists(user.Username))
 		sendResponse(conn, "-ERR authentication failed")
 		return nil, nil, nil
 	}

internal/smtp_server/server.go

@@ -221,12 +221,14 @@ func (s *smtpSession) Auth(mech string) (sasl.Server, error) {
 
 		user, err := s.backend.server.stores.Users.AuthenticateLogin(username, password)
 		if err != nil {
-			// 认证失败计数，达到阈值按档位封禁（与 Web 登录共用 ban_entries）
+			// 认证失败计数，达到阈值按档位封禁（与 Web 登录共用 ban_entries）。
+			// 用户名不存在（枚举型爆破）跳过宽限首次触发即封。
 			s.backend.server.stores.RecordAuthFailure(
 				s.clientIP,
 				s.backend.server.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts,
 				s.backend.server.banCfg.BanDurationMin,
 				"邮件协议认证失败次数过多",
+				s.backend.server.stores.Users.LoginExists(username),
 			)
 			s.recordFail("用户名或密码错误")
 			return smtp.ErrAuthFailed

internal/store/auth_guard.go

@@ -23,12 +23,15 @@ func ClientIPFromAddr(addr net.Addr) string {
 // 协议层统一入口）：
 //   - 失败计数累加（每 IP 一条记录，upsert）；
 //   - 达到 maxFail 阈值时触发次数 BanCount+1：
-//     前 freeTriggers（3）次只计数不封禁；
+//     knownUser（用户名存在、疑似真实用户输错）前 freeTriggers（3）次
-//     从第 4 次起封禁，时长按档位递增（stageDuration），上限半年；
+//     只计数不封禁（防误封）；
+//     !knownUser（用户名不存在，枚举型爆破）跳过宽限，首次触发即按
+//     第 1 档封禁；
+//     封禁时长按档位递增（stageDuration），上限半年；
 //   - reason 为失败场景描述（如“登录失败次数过多”），封禁原因会带上档位。
 //
 // 返回 (是否触发封禁, 当前失败计数)。成功登录后调用 ResetFail 清零。
-func (s *Stores) RecordAuthFailure(ip string, maxFail int, firstBanMin int, reason string) (banned bool, failCount int) {
+func (s *Stores) RecordAuthFailure(ip string, maxFail int, firstBanMin int, reason string, knownUser bool) (banned bool, failCount int) {
 	if ip == "" || maxFail <= 0 {
 		return false, 0
 	}
@@ -50,16 +53,26 @@ func (s *Stores) RecordAuthFailure(ip string, maxFail int, firstBanMin int, reas
 	entry.BanCount = banCount
 	entry.FailCount = failCount
 
-	// 前 3 次只计数，不封禁（保留零到期时间与空原因）
+	// 未知用户名（枚举型爆破）跳过宽限档：等效于已用完 3 次宽限
-	if banCount <= freeTriggers {
+	effectiveCount := banCount
+	if !knownUser {
+		effectiveCount += freeTriggers
+	}
+
+	// 宽限期内只计数，不封禁（保留零到期时间与空原因）
+	if effectiveCount <= freeTriggers {
 		if err := s.Bans.Update(entry); err != nil {
 			return false, failCount
 		}
 		return false, failCount
 	}
 
-	banNum := banCount - freeTriggers
+	banNum := effectiveCount - freeTriggers
+	if knownUser {
 		entry.Reason = fmt.Sprintf("第%d次封禁：%s（第%d次触发，失败%d次）", banNum, reason, banCount, failCount)
+	} else {
+		entry.Reason = fmt.Sprintf("第%d次封禁：%s（未知用户名，跳过宽限；第%d次触发，失败%d次）", banNum, reason, banCount, failCount)
+	}
 	entry.ExpiresAt = time.Now().Add(stageDuration(banNum, firstBanMin))
 	if err := s.Bans.Update(entry); err != nil {
 		return false, failCount

internal/store/auth_guard_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package store
 
 import (
+	"sync"
 	"net"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthFailureFreeTriggers(t *testing.T) {
 	const maxFail = 2
 
 	failOnce := func() bool {
-		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多")
+		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
 		return banned
 	}
 
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ func TestStagedBanEscalation(t *testing.T) {
 	const maxFail = 2
 
 	failOnce := func() bool {
-		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多")
+		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
 		return banned
 	}
 
@@ -228,7 +229,7 @@ func TestBanListOnlyBannedOrExpired(t *testing.T) {
 // TestRecordAuthFailureEmptyIPSafe 空 IP 不应产生副作用。
 func TestRecordAuthFailureEmptyIPSafe(t *testing.T) {
 	s := newTestStores(t)
-	banned, count := s.RecordAuthFailure("", 3, 30, "登录失败次数过多")
+	banned, count := s.RecordAuthFailure("", 3, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
 	if banned || count != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("empty IP must be a no-op: banned=%v count=%d", banned, count)
 	}
@@ -350,3 +351,200 @@ func TestTryReserveQuotaNonPositiveDelta(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("used_bytes = %d, want 0", got.UsedBytes)
 	}
 }
+
+// P5 #18 方案 A：未知用户名（枚举型爆破）跳过宽限，首次触发即封。
+func TestRecordAuthFailureUnknownUserSkipsGrace(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	const ip = "203.0.113.77"
+	const maxFail = 3
+
+	// 未知用户名：第 1 次触发（累计失败 3 次）即封第 1 档（30 分钟）
+	for i := 1; i <= maxFail; i++ {
+		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", false)
+		if i < maxFail && banned {
+			t.Fatalf("attempt %d should not ban before threshold", i)
+		}
+		if i == maxFail && !banned {
+			t.Fatal("unknown user: first trigger must ban immediately")
+		}
+	}
+	banned, entry := s.Bans.IsBanned(ip)
+	if !banned {
+		t.Fatal("IP should be banned")
+	}
+	// 第 1 档 = 30 分钟
+	if entry.ExpiresAt.Before(time.Now().Add(29 * time.Minute)) {
+		t.Fatalf("first-stage ban duration wrong: expires %v", entry.ExpiresAt)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(entry.Reason, "未知用户名") {
+		t.Fatalf("reason should note unknown-user skip: %q", entry.Reason)
+	}
+}
+
+// P5 #18 方案 A：已知用户名（真实用户输错）保留前 3 次宽限（回归）。
+// 触发语义与 TestRecordAuthFailureFreeTriggers 一致：达到阈值后每次失败
+// 都会触发一次，前 3 次触发（第 2-4 次失败）不封禁，第 4 次触发
+// （第 5 次失败）封第 1 档。
+func TestRecordAuthFailureKnownUserKeepsGrace(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	const ip = "198.51.100.88"
+	const maxFail = 2
+
+	// 第 1 次失败：计数，未达阈值
+	if banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true); banned {
+		t.Fatal("failure 1 must not ban")
+	}
+	// 第 2-4 次失败 = 触发 1-3，宽限期内不封禁
+	for i := 2; i <= 4; i++ {
+		banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
+		if banned {
+			t.Fatalf("failure %d (trigger within grace) should not ban", i)
+		}
+	}
+	if banned, _ := s.Bans.IsBanned(ip); banned {
+		t.Fatal("known user must not be banned within 3 free triggers")
+	}
+	entry, _ := s.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
+	if entry.BanCount != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("ban_count = %d, want 3", entry.BanCount)
+	}
+
+	// 第 5 次失败 = 触发 4 -> 第 1 档封禁
+	banned, _ := s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, maxFail, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
+	if !banned {
+		t.Fatal("4th trigger should ban (stage 1)")
+	}
+	entry, _ = s.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
+	if entry.BanCount != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("ban count = %d, want 4", entry.BanCount)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(entry.Reason, "第1次封禁") {
+		t.Fatalf("reason = %q, want 第1次封禁", entry.Reason)
+	}
+}
+
+// LoginExists：完整邮箱与裸用户名两种形态。
+func TestLoginExists(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	domain := &db.Domain{Name: "example.com"}
+	if err := s.Domains.Create(domain); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.Users.Create(&db.User{Username: "alice", PasswordHash: "x", DomainID: domain.ID}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		login string
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{"alice@example.com", true},
+		{"alice", true},
+		{"bob@example.com", false},
+		{"bob", false},
+		{"", false},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		if got := s.Users.LoginExists(tc.login); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("LoginExists(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.login, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// P4 #17：BanIP 为 upsert 语义，已有观察记录的 IP 手动封禁后仅一条记录。
+func TestBanIPUpsertSingleRow(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	const ip = "203.0.113.99"
+
+	// 先产生观察计数记录（未封禁）
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		_, _ = s.RecordAuthFailure(ip, 10, 30, "登录失败次数过多", true)
+	}
+	if banned, _ := s.Bans.IsBanned(ip); banned {
+		t.Fatal("should be observation-only at this point")
+	}
+
+	// 手动封禁 180 天
+	if err := s.Bans.BanIP(ip, "管理员手动封禁", 180*24*time.Hour); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("BanIP: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 仅一条记录，且处于封禁状态、计数清零
+	entry, err := s.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GetByIP: %v", err)
+	}
+	if entry.Reason != "管理员手动封禁" {
+		t.Fatalf("reason = %q", entry.Reason)
+	}
+	if entry.FailCount != 0 || entry.BanCount != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("manual ban should reset counters, got fail=%d ban=%d", entry.FailCount, entry.BanCount)
+	}
+	if !entry.ExpiresAt.After(time.Now().Add(179 * 24 * time.Hour)) {
+		t.Fatalf("manual ban duration wrong: %v", entry.ExpiresAt)
+	}
+}
+
+// P4 #17：ip_address 唯一索引生效——同一 IP 不允许第二条记录
+// （历史重复行由 InitDB 的 dedupeBanEntries 在 AutoMigrate 前清理，
+// BanIP 的事务内“先删后插”兼容既有脏数据）。
+func TestBanEntryUniqueIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	const ip = "198.51.100.3"
+
+	if err := s.Bans.Create(&db.BanEntry{IPAddress: ip, Reason: "first", ExpiresAt: time.Time{}}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// 第二条同 IP 记录必须被唯一约束拒绝
+	if err := s.Bans.Create(&db.BanEntry{IPAddress: ip, Reason: "second", ExpiresAt: time.Time{}}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("duplicate ban entry for same IP should be rejected by unique index")
+	}
+
+	// 唯一记录上的 BanIP/IncrementFail 读写一致（无错位）
+	if err := s.Bans.BanIP(ip, "管理员手动封禁", time.Hour); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("BanIP: %v", err)
+	}
+	entry, err := s.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if entry.Reason != "管理员手动封禁" || entry.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected entry: %+v", entry)
+	}
+	cnt, err := s.Bans.IncrementFail(ip)
+	if err != nil || cnt != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("IncrementFail after BanIP = %d, %v; want 1, nil", cnt, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// P4 #17：IncrementFail 并发安全（-race 下不产生重复行、计数准确）。
+func TestIncrementFailConcurrent(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStores(t)
+	const ip = "203.0.113.100"
+	const goroutines = 16
+	const perG = 5
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for g := 0; g < goroutines; g++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			for i := 0; i < perG; i++ {
+				if _, err := s.Bans.IncrementFail(ip); err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("IncrementFail: %v", err)
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	entry, err := s.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GetByIP: %v", err)
+	}
+	want := goroutines * perG
+	if entry.FailCount != want {
+		t.Fatalf("fail count = %d, want %d (lost updates or duplicate rows)", entry.FailCount, want)
+	}
+}

internal/store/ban_store.go

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 package store
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"mail_go/internal/db"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 )
 
 // 阶段封禁档位（分钟/天），从第 4 次触发阈值开始封禁：
@@ -41,6 +44,10 @@ func stageDuration(banCount int, firstBanMin int) time.Duration {
 // BanStore defines the interface for IP ban operations.
 type BanStore interface {
 	Create(entry *db.BanEntry) error
+	// BanIP 手动/直接封禁某 IP 指定时长：该 IP 只保留一条记录
+	// （既有观察记录一并清理，计数清零），避免产生重复行导致
+	// IncrementFail 与 GetByIP 读写错位。
+	BanIP(ip, reason string, duration time.Duration) error
 	GetByIP(ip string) (*db.BanEntry, error)
 	Update(entry *db.BanEntry) error
 	Delete(id uint) error
@@ -67,6 +74,30 @@ func (s *banStoreGorm) Create(entry *db.BanEntry) error {
 	return s.db.Create(entry).Error
 }
 
+// BanIP 手动/直接封禁：事务内删除该 IP 的全部既有记录（含历史 bug
+// 产生的重复行与观察计数记录）后插入一条封禁记录，计数清零。
+// 与"管理员解封清零"语义一致：手动封禁视为对档位的重新评估。
+func (s *banStoreGorm) BanIP(ip, reason string, duration time.Duration) error {
+	if ip == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty ip")
+	}
+	if duration <= 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid ban duration: %v", duration)
+	}
+	return s.db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		if err := tx.Where("ip_address = ?", ip).Delete(&db.BanEntry{}).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return tx.Create(&db.BanEntry{
+			IPAddress: ip,
+			Reason:    reason,
+			FailCount: 0,
+			BanCount:  0,
+			ExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(duration),
+		}).Error
+	})
+}
+
 // GetByIP retrieves the most recent ban entry for a given IP address.
 func (s *banStoreGorm) GetByIP(ip string) (*db.BanEntry, error) {
 	var entry db.BanEntry
@@ -118,33 +149,51 @@ func (s *banStoreGorm) IsBanned(ip string) (bool, *db.BanEntry) {
 	return true, &entry
 }
 
-// IncrementFail increments the fail count for an IP address.
+// IncrementFail increments the fail count for an IP address atomically
-// If no record exists, it creates one with fail_count=1, ban_count=0 and a
+// (SQL-side increment, avoiding read-modify-write races). If no record
-// zero expires_at (not yet banned). Existing BanCount is preserved.
+// exists it creates one with fail_count=1, ban_count=0 and a zero
-// Returns the updated fail count.
+// expires_at (not yet banned); a concurrent creator wins and the loser's
+// insert becomes a no-op via the unique index. Existing BanCount is
+// preserved. Returns the current fail count.
 func (s *banStoreGorm) IncrementFail(ip string) (int, error) {
-	var entry db.BanEntry
+	res := s.db.Model(&db.BanEntry{}).
-	err := s.db.Where("ip_address = ?", ip).First(&entry).Error
+		Where("ip_address = ?", ip).
-	if err != nil {
+		Update("fail_count", gorm.Expr("fail_count + 1"))
-		// No record exists, create a new one
+	if res.Error != nil {
-		entry = db.BanEntry{
+		return 0, res.Error
+	}
+	if res.RowsAffected == 0 {
+		// 无记录：插入首条；ip_address 唯一索引下并发插入用
+		// OnConflict DoNothing 兜底，失败方继续走下面的回读。
+		err := s.db.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}).Create(&db.BanEntry{
 			IPAddress: ip,
 			FailCount: 1,
 			BanCount:  0,
 			ExpiresAt: time.Time{}, // Zero time, not yet banned
+		}).Error
+		if err != nil && !isUniqueConflictErr(err) {
+			return 0, err
 		}
-		if createErr := s.db.Create(&entry).Error; createErr != nil {
-			return 0, createErr
-		}
-		return 1, nil
 	}
 
-	// Record exists, increment fail count
+	// 回读计数（并发下取数据库最终值）
-	newCount := entry.FailCount + 1
+	var count int64
-	if updateErr := s.db.Model(&entry).Update("fail_count", newCount).Error; updateErr != nil {
+	if err := s.db.Model(&db.BanEntry{}).Where("ip_address = ?", ip).
-		return 0, updateErr
+		Select("fail_count").Scan(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		return 0, err
 	}
-	return newCount, nil
+	return int(count), nil
+}
+
+// isUniqueConflictErr 判断是否为唯一约束冲突（并发插入竞态的预期结果）。
+func isUniqueConflictErr(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	msg := err.Error()
+	return strings.Contains(msg, "UNIQUE constraint") || // SQLite
+		strings.Contains(msg, "Duplicate entry") || // MySQL
+		strings.Contains(msg, "unique constraint") // generic
 }
 
 // ResetFail resets the fail count for an IP address by deleting its record.

internal/store/mail_store.go

@@ -28,7 +28,18 @@ type MailStore interface {
 	MarkRead(id uint) error
 	MarkReadState(id uint, read bool) error
 	MarkFlagged(id uint, flagged bool) error
+	// SetReadStates 批量设置多封邮件的已读状态（单条 UPDATE ... IN）。
+	SetReadStates(ids []uint, read bool) error
+	// SetFlaggedStates 批量设置多封邮件的星标状态（单条 UPDATE ... IN）。
+	SetFlaggedStates(ids []uint, flagged bool) error
 	MoveToFolder(id uint, folder string) error
+	// SetDeletedStates 批量设置多封邮件的 \Deleted 标记（单条 UPDATE ... IN）。
+	SetDeletedStates(ids []uint, deleted bool) error
+	// ListDeletedByUserAndFolder 列出某文件夹中所有已标记 \Deleted 的邮件
+	// （按 date DESC, id DESC 排序，与全量列表一致，序号映射全链路相同）。
+	ListDeletedByUserAndFolder(userID uint, folder string) ([]db.Message, error)
+	// DeleteMany 批量硬删除多封邮件（单条 DELETE ... IN）。
+	DeleteMany(ids []uint) error
 	Delete(id uint) error
 	CountUnread(userID uint, folder string) (int64, error)
 	CountByFolder(folder string) (int64, error)
@@ -103,11 +114,55 @@ func (s *mailStoreGorm) MarkFlagged(id uint, flagged bool) error {
 	return s.db.Model(&db.Message{}).Where("id = ?", id).Update("is_flagged", flagged).Error
 }
 
+// SetReadStates 批量设置多封邮件的已读状态。
+// 客户端整批标记已读（手机同步后 STORE +FLAGS \Seen）时，逐条 UPDATE
+// 会产生大量写事务并占住连接，这里合并为单条 SQL。
+func (s *mailStoreGorm) SetReadStates(ids []uint, read bool) error {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s.db.Model(&db.Message{}).Where("id IN ?", ids).Update("is_read", read).Error
+}
+
+// SetFlaggedStates 批量设置多封邮件的星标状态。
+func (s *mailStoreGorm) SetFlaggedStates(ids []uint, flagged bool) error {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s.db.Model(&db.Message{}).Where("id IN ?", ids).Update("is_flagged", flagged).Error
+}
+
 // MoveToFolder changes the folder of a message.
 func (s *mailStoreGorm) MoveToFolder(id uint, folder string) error {
 	return s.db.Model(&db.Message{}).Where("id = ?", id).Update("folder", folder).Error
 }
 
+// SetDeletedStates 批量设置多封邮件的 \Deleted 标记。
+func (s *mailStoreGorm) SetDeletedStates(ids []uint, deleted bool) error {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s.db.Model(&db.Message{}).Where("id IN ?", ids).Update("is_deleted", deleted).Error
+}
+
+// ListDeletedByUserAndFolder 列出某文件夹中所有已标记 \Deleted 的邮件。
+func (s *mailStoreGorm) ListDeletedByUserAndFolder(userID uint, folder string) ([]db.Message, error) {
+	var messages []db.Message
+	if err := s.db.Where("user_id = ? AND folder = ? AND is_deleted = ?", userID, folder, true).
+		Order("date DESC, id DESC").Find(&messages).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return messages, nil
+}
+
+// DeleteMany 批量硬删除多封邮件。
+func (s *mailStoreGorm) DeleteMany(ids []uint) error {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s.db.Where("id IN ?", ids).Delete(&db.Message{}).Error
+}
+
 // Delete removes a message by ID.
 func (s *mailStoreGorm) Delete(id uint) error {
 	return s.db.Delete(&db.Message{}, id).Error

internal/store/mailbox_store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+package store
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"mail_go/internal/db"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// Mailbox store errors（英文文案：IMAP 响应直接使用，Web 侧另行提示）。
+var (
+	ErrMailboxNotFound = errors.New("No such mailbox")
+	ErrMailboxExists   = errors.New("mailbox already exists")
+	ErrMailboxInvalid  = errors.New("invalid mailbox name")
+	ErrMailboxSystem   = errors.New("system mailbox cannot be deleted or renamed")
+	ErrMailboxNotEmpty = errors.New("mailbox is not empty")
+)
+
+// MailboxStore defines the interface for mailbox (folder) operations.
+type MailboxStore interface {
+	// EnsureSystem 幂等创建用户的系统文件夹（INBOX/Sent/Drafts/Trash）。
+	EnsureSystem(userID uint) error
+	// List 返回用户全部文件夹：系统文件夹按规范顺序在前，
+	// 自定义文件夹按名称升序在后。
+	List(userID uint) ([]db.Mailbox, error)
+	GetByName(userID uint, name string) (*db.Mailbox, error)
+	Create(mb *db.Mailbox) error
+	// Delete 删除空的自定义文件夹（含对应的 mailbox_states 记录）。
+	Delete(userID uint, name string) error
+	// Rename 重命名文件夹并同步迁移其邮件与 mailbox_states 记录。
+	Rename(userID uint, oldName, newName string) error
+	SetSubscribed(userID uint, name string, subscribed bool) error
+}
+
+// mailboxStoreGorm implements MailboxStore using GORM.
+type mailboxStoreGorm struct {
+	db *gorm.DB
+}
+
+// newMailboxStore creates a new GORM-backed MailboxStore.
+func newMailboxStore(database *gorm.DB) MailboxStore {
+	return &mailboxStoreGorm{db: database}
+}
+
+// isSystemMailboxName reports whether name is one of the system mailboxes.
+func isSystemMailboxName(name string) bool {
+	for _, def := range db.SystemMailboxes {
+		if def.Name == name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// EnsureSystem creates missing system mailboxes for the user.
+// 已存在的行不覆盖：用户此前若已退订某系统文件夹（LSUB），状态保留。
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) EnsureSystem(userID uint) error {
+	var existing []db.Mailbox
+	if err := s.db.Where("user_id = ?", userID).Find(&existing).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	have := make(map[string]bool, len(existing))
+	for _, mb := range existing {
+		have[mb.Name] = true
+	}
+	for _, def := range db.SystemMailboxes {
+		if have[def.Name] {
+			continue
+		}
+		mb := &db.Mailbox{
+			UserID:       userID,
+			Name:         def.Name,
+			SpecialUse:   def.SpecialUse,
+			IsSubscribed: true,
+		}
+		if err := s.db.Create(mb).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// List returns all folders for a user with system folders first.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) List(userID uint) ([]db.Mailbox, error) {
+	var mbs []db.Mailbox
+	if err := s.db.Where("user_id = ?", userID).Order("name").Find(&mbs).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	byName := make(map[string]db.Mailbox, len(mbs))
+	for _, mb := range mbs {
+		byName[mb.Name] = mb
+	}
+	sys := make([]db.Mailbox, 0, len(db.SystemMailboxes))
+	for _, def := range db.SystemMailboxes {
+		if mb, ok := byName[def.Name]; ok {
+			sys = append(sys, mb)
+		}
+	}
+	custom := make([]db.Mailbox, 0, len(mbs))
+	for _, mb := range mbs {
+		if !isSystemMailboxName(mb.Name) {
+			custom = append(custom, mb)
+		}
+	}
+	return append(sys, custom...), nil
+}
+
+// GetByName returns a folder by its exact name.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) GetByName(userID uint, name string) (*db.Mailbox, error) {
+	var mb db.Mailbox
+	if err := s.db.Where("user_id = ? AND name = ?", userID, name).First(&mb).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &mb, nil
+}
+
+// Create inserts a new mailbox row.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) Create(mb *db.Mailbox) error {
+	return s.db.Create(mb).Error
+}
+
+// Delete removes an empty mailbox and its mailbox_states record.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) Delete(userID uint, name string) error {
+	return s.db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		var count int64
+		if err := tx.Model(&db.Message{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND folder = ?", userID, name).
+			Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if count > 0 {
+			return ErrMailboxNotEmpty
+		}
+		if err := tx.Where("user_id = ? AND name = ?", userID, name).
+			Delete(&db.Mailbox{}).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return tx.Where("user_id = ? AND folder = ?", userID, name).
+			Delete(&db.MailboxState{}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// Rename renames a mailbox, moving its messages along with it.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) Rename(userID uint, oldName, newName string) error {
+	return s.db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		if err := tx.Model(&db.Mailbox{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND name = ?", userID, oldName).
+			Update("name", newName).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := tx.Model(&db.Message{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND folder = ?", userID, oldName).
+			Update("folder", newName).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		// 旧 UIDVALIDITY 不再适用：删除状态记录，下次访问重新生成，
+		// 客户端据此丢弃缓存并全量重同步。
+		return tx.Where("user_id = ? AND folder = ?", userID, oldName).
+			Delete(&db.MailboxState{}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// SetSubscribed updates the subscription flag of a mailbox.
+func (s *mailboxStoreGorm) SetSubscribed(userID uint, name string, subscribed bool) error {
+	return s.db.Model(&db.Mailbox{}).
+		Where("user_id = ? AND name = ?", userID, name).
+		Update("is_subscribed", subscribed).Error
+}

internal/store/mailbox_store_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package store
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"mail_go/internal/db"
+
+	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// newMailboxTestStore 返回基于内存库的 MailboxStore（含 mailboxes 表）。
+func newMailboxTestStore(t *testing.T) (MailboxStore, *gorm.DB) {
+	t.Helper()
+	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file::memory:?cache=shared"), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.Mailbox{}, &db.Message{}, &db.MailboxState{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return newMailboxStore(gdb), gdb
+}
+
+// TestMailboxEnsureSystem 验证系统文件夹幂等创建与规范排序。
+func TestMailboxEnsureSystem(t *testing.T) {
+	s, _ := newMailboxTestStore(t)
+
+	if err := s.EnsureSystem(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("EnsureSystem: %v", err)
+	}
+	// 幂等：再次调用不报错、不产生重复行
+	if err := s.EnsureSystem(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("EnsureSystem 2nd: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	mbs, err := s.List(1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("List: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(mbs) != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("len(List) = %d, want 4", len(mbs))
+	}
+	want := []string{"INBOX", "Sent", "Drafts", "Trash"}
+	for i, name := range want {
+		if mbs[i].Name != name {
+			t.Fatalf("List[%d] = %q, want %q", i, mbs[i].Name, name)
+		}
+	}
+	if mbs[3].SpecialUse != "Trash" {
+		t.Fatalf("Trash SpecialUse = %q, want Trash", mbs[3].SpecialUse)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMailboxCustomFolderLifecycle 验证自定义文件夹：创建/排序/非空删除拒绝。
+func TestMailboxCustomFolderLifecycle(t *testing.T) {
+	s, gdb := newMailboxTestStore(t)
+	if err := s.EnsureSystem(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := s.Create(&db.Mailbox{UserID: 1, Name: "工作", IsSubscribed: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Create: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	mbs, err := s.List(1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(mbs) != 5 || mbs[4].Name != "工作" {
+		t.Fatalf("custom folder not last: %+v", mbs)
+	}
+
+	// 放一封邮件进去 → 非空文件夹不可删除
+	msg := &db.Message{UserID: 1, Folder: "工作", FromAddr: "a@b", Subject: "s"}
+	if err := gdb.Create(msg).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.Delete(1, "工作"); err != ErrMailboxNotEmpty {
+		t.Fatalf("Delete non-empty mailbox = %v, want ErrMailboxNotEmpty", err)
+	}
+	// 清空后可删除
+	if err := gdb.Where("id = ?", msg.ID).Delete(&db.Message{}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.Delete(1, "工作"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Delete empty mailbox: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := s.GetByName(1, "工作"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("mailbox should be gone after Delete")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMailboxRenameMovesMessages 验证重命名同步迁移邮件。
+func TestMailboxRenameMovesMessages(t *testing.T) {
+	s, gdb := newMailboxTestStore(t)
+	if err := s.EnsureSystem(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.Create(&db.Mailbox{UserID: 1, Name: "旧名字", IsSubscribed: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	msg := &db.Message{UserID: 1, Folder: "旧名字", FromAddr: "a@b", Subject: "s"}
+	if err := gdb.Create(msg).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := s.Rename(1, "旧名字", "新名字"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Rename: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var count int64
+	if err := gdb.Model(&db.Message{}).
+		Where("user_id = 1 AND folder = ?", "新名字").Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if count != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("messages in 新名字 = %d, want 1", count)
+	}
+	if _, err := s.GetByName(1, "旧名字"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("old mailbox name should be gone")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMailboxSubscribed 验证订阅状态写入。
+func TestMailboxSubscribed(t *testing.T) {
+	s, _ := newMailboxTestStore(t)
+	if err := s.EnsureSystem(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.SetSubscribed(1, "Trash", false); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SetSubscribed: %v", err)
+	}
+	mb, err := s.GetByName(1, "Trash")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if mb.IsSubscribed {
+		t.Fatal("Trash should be unsubscribed")
+	}
+}

internal/store/stores.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ type Stores struct {
 	Outbound     OutboundStore
 	ProtocolLogs ProtocolLogStore
 	MailboxState MailboxStateStore
+	Mailboxes    MailboxStore
 }
 
 // NewStores creates a new Stores instance with all GORM-backed implementations.
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ func NewStores(database *gorm.DB) *Stores {
 		Outbound:     newOutboundStore(database),
 		ProtocolLogs: newProtocolLogStore(database),
 		MailboxState: newMailboxStateStore(database),
+		Mailboxes:    newMailboxStore(database),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -40,3 +42,4 @@ var _ = db.Attachment{}
 var _ = db.BanEntry{}
 var _ = db.ProtocolLog{}
 var _ = db.MailboxState{}
+var _ = db.Mailbox{}

internal/store/user_store.go

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ type UserStore interface {
 	// 但支持裸用户名（如 "kevin"），自动解析到其唯一所属域名；多域名下
 	// 用户名存在歧义时要求完整邮箱。兼容手机/客户端只填用户名的配置。
 	AuthenticateLogin(login, password string) (*db.User, error)
+	// LoginExists 判断登录名（完整邮箱或裸用户名）是否对应系统中的用户，
+	// 供封禁逻辑区分“真实用户输错密码”（保留宽限）与“枚举型爆破”
+	// （跳过宽限，见 RecordAuthFailure 的 knownUser 参数）。
+	LoginExists(login string) bool
 	Update(user *db.User) error
 	Delete(id uint) error
 	List(domainID uint, page, size int) ([]db.User, int64, error)
@@ -127,6 +131,25 @@ func (s *userStoreGorm) AuthenticateLogin(login, password string) (*db.User, err
 	return &user, nil
 }
 
+// LoginExists 判断登录名是否对应系统中的用户：完整邮箱按邮箱查，
+// 裸用户名按用户名全局查（存在即算，歧义不影响存在性判定）。
+// 仅用于封禁分级（knownUser），不做认证。
+func (s *userStoreGorm) LoginExists(login string) bool {
+	login = strings.TrimSpace(login)
+	if login == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(login, "@") {
+		_, err := s.GetByEmail(login)
+		return err == nil
+	}
+	var count int64
+	if err := s.db.Model(&db.User{}).Where("username = ?", login).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return count > 0
+}
+
 // Update saves changes to an existing user record.
 func (s *userStoreGorm) Update(user *db.User) error {
 	return s.db.Save(user).Error

internal/web/handlers/admin.go

@@ -35,12 +35,30 @@ type AdminHandler struct {
 	protocolLogKeepDays int
 	// hub 当前协议连接注册中心（「当前连接」页）
 	hub *connhub.Hub
+	// tz Web 展示时区（「今日」统计边界、日志日期筛选用），nil 回退本地时区
+	tz *time.Location
 }
 
 // NewAdminHandler creates a new AdminHandler with the given stores, attachment
 // storage, TLS directory, Caddy data directory and outbound delivery manager.
-func NewAdminHandler(stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storage.AttachmentStorage, tlsDir string, caddyDataDir string, ob *outbound.Manager, protocolLogKeepDays int, hub *connhub.Hub) *AdminHandler {
+func NewAdminHandler(stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storage.AttachmentStorage, tlsDir string, caddyDataDir string, ob *outbound.Manager, protocolLogKeepDays int, hub *connhub.Hub, tz *time.Location) *AdminHandler {
-	return &AdminHandler{stores: stores, storage: attStorage, tlsDir: tlsDir, caddyDataDir: caddyDataDir, outbound: ob, protocolLogKeepDays: protocolLogKeepDays, hub: hub}
+	return &AdminHandler{stores: stores, storage: attStorage, tlsDir: tlsDir, caddyDataDir: caddyDataDir, outbound: ob, protocolLogKeepDays: protocolLogKeepDays, hub: hub, tz: tz}
+}
+
+// displayTZ 返回 Web 展示时区（未配置时回退本地时区）。
+func (h *AdminHandler) displayTZ() *time.Location {
+	if h.tz != nil {
+		return h.tz
+	}
+	return time.Local
+}
+
+// dayStartIn 返回展示时区的「今日零点」，并转换为服务器本地时区：
+// 库中 CreatedAt 按写入时服务器本地时区序列化（RFC3339 文本），
+// 边界需同偏移才能保证 SQLite 文本比较正确。
+func (h *AdminHandler) dayStartIn() time.Time {
+	now := time.Now().In(h.displayTZ())
+	return time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), 0, 0, 0, 0, h.displayTZ()).In(time.Local)
 }
 
 // manualBanDuration 管理员手动封禁时长（180 天，与自动封禁档位上限制一致）。
@@ -61,14 +79,10 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) DisconnectConnection(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// 加入黑名单：180 天封禁（管理员可随时解封）
+	// 加入黑名单：180 天封禁（管理员可随时解封）。
-	if err := h.stores.Bans.Create(&db.BanEntry{
+	// BanIP 为 upsert 语义：清理该 IP 既有观察/重复记录后仅保留一条，
-		IPAddress: conn.IP,
+	// 避免与阶段性封禁的计数/档位记录错位。
-		Reason:    "管理员手动封禁（连接断开）",
+	if err := h.stores.Bans.BanIP(conn.IP, "管理员手动封禁（连接断开）", manualBanDuration); err != nil {
-		FailCount: 0,
-		BanCount:  0,
-		ExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(manualBanDuration),
-	}); err != nil {
 		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "封禁失败: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -119,8 +133,8 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) Dashboard(c *gin.Context) {
 	inboxSize, _ := h.stores.Mails.TotalSizeByFolder("INBOX")
 	sentSize, _ := h.stores.Mails.TotalSizeByFolder("Sent")
 
-	// Today and weekly statistics
+	// Today and weekly statistics（「今日」按 Web 展示时区切日）
-	todayStart := time.Now().Truncate(24 * time.Hour)
+	todayStart := h.dayStartIn()
 	weekStart := time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, -7)
 
 	todayReceived, _ := h.stores.Mails.CountByFolderSince("INBOX", todayStart)
@@ -860,8 +874,8 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) ListProtocolLogs(c *gin.Context) {
 		success = &v
 	}
 
-	from := parseDateQuery(c.Query("from"))
+	from := h.parseDateQuery(c.Query("from"))
-	to := parseDateQuery(c.Query("to"))
+	to := h.parseDateQuery(c.Query("to"))
 	// 日期选择到天，含当天
 	if !to.IsZero() {
 		to = to.AddDate(0, 0, 1)
@@ -883,7 +897,7 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) ListProtocolLogs(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	// 统计卡片：今日 + 全部成功/失败数（按协议），int64 → int 供模板 add 使用
-	dayStart := time.Now().Truncate(24 * time.Hour)
+	dayStart := h.dayStartIn()
 	todayStats, _ := h.stores.ProtocolLogs.CountStats(dayStart)
 	allStats, _ := h.stores.ProtocolLogs.CountStats(time.Time{})
 	normStats := func(m map[string]map[string]int64) map[string]map[string]int {
@@ -935,16 +949,17 @@ func (h *AdminHandler) CleanupProtocolLogs(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/admin/protocol-logs")
 }
 
-// parseDateQuery 解析 YYYY-MM-DD 日期，失败返回零值。
+// parseDateQuery 按 Web 展示时区解析 YYYY-MM-DD 日期，失败返回零值。
-func parseDateQuery(s string) time.Time {
+// 解析结果转换为服务器本地时区，保证与库中时间序列化偏移一致。
+func (h *AdminHandler) parseDateQuery(s string) time.Time {
 	if s == "" {
 		return time.Time{}
 	}
-	t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", s, time.Local)
+	t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", s, h.displayTZ())
 	if err != nil {
 		return time.Time{}
 	}
-	return t
+	return t.In(time.Local)
 }
 
 // ListMails renders the admin mail list page showing all messages across all users.

internal/web/handlers/auth.go

@@ -73,7 +73,10 @@ func (h *AuthHandler) DoLogin(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	user, err := h.stores.Users.Authenticate(email, password)
 	if err != nil {
-		banned, failCount := h.stores.RecordAuthFailure(ip, h.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, h.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "登录失败次数过多")
+		// 区分失败性质：用户名存在（真实用户输错，保留宽限）vs
+		// 用户名不存在（枚举型爆破，跳过宽限首次触发即封）
+		knownUser := h.stores.Users.LoginExists(email)
+		banned, failCount := h.stores.RecordAuthFailure(ip, h.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, h.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "登录失败次数过多", knownUser)
 		if banned {
 			entry, _ := h.stores.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
 			c.HTML(http.StatusForbidden, "banned", gin.H{"entry": entry})
@@ -146,7 +149,8 @@ func (h *AuthHandler) LDAPLogin(c *gin.Context) {
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("LDAP 认证失败: %v", err)
 
-		banned, failCount := h.stores.RecordAuthFailure(ip, h.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, h.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "LDAP 登录失败次数过多")
+		// LDAP 侧用户存在性无法判定，保守按已知用户处理（保留宽限防误封）
+		banned, failCount := h.stores.RecordAuthFailure(ip, h.banCfg.MaxFailAttempts, h.banCfg.BanDurationMin, "LDAP 登录失败次数过多", true)
 		if banned {
 			entry, _ := h.stores.Bans.GetByIP(ip)
 			c.HTML(http.StatusForbidden, "banned", gin.H{"entry": entry})

internal/web/handlers/mail.go

@@ -51,39 +51,89 @@ type MailHandler struct {
 	stores   *store.Stores
 	storage  *storage.AttachmentStorage
 	outbound *outbound.Manager
+	// svc 邮箱服务层（IMAP 层共用）：文件夹目录与消息操作同源。
+	svc *imap_server.MailboxService
 	// pusher 邮件状态变化推送（IMAP 客户端实时同步），可空
 	pusher imap_server.Pusher
 }
 
 // NewMailHandler creates a new MailHandler with the given stores, attachment
-// storage and outbound delivery manager.
+// storage, mailbox service and outbound delivery manager.
-func NewMailHandler(stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storage.AttachmentStorage, ob *outbound.Manager, pusher imap_server.Pusher) *MailHandler {
+func NewMailHandler(stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storage.AttachmentStorage, ob *outbound.Manager, svc *imap_server.MailboxService, pusher imap_server.Pusher) *MailHandler {
-	return &MailHandler{stores: stores, storage: attStorage, outbound: ob, pusher: pusher}
+	return &MailHandler{stores: stores, storage: attStorage, outbound: ob, svc: svc, pusher: pusher}
 }
 
-// folderCounts returns sidebar badge counts for the current user.
+// foldersFor 返回当前用户的侧边栏文件夹列表（与 IMAP LIST 同源：
-func (h *MailHandler) folderCounts(userID uint) (inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal int64) {
+// IMAP 返回什么文件夹，Web 就显示什么）。
-	inboxUnread, _ = h.stores.Mails.CountUnread(userID, "INBOX")
+func (h *MailHandler) foldersFor(userID uint) []imap_server.FolderInfo {
-	draftsTotal, _ = h.stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(userID, "Drafts")
+	infos, err := h.svc.List(userID)
-	sentTotal, _ = h.stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(userID, "Sent")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("web: 加载文件夹列表失败 user=%d: %v", userID, err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return infos
+}
+
+// userEmailOf 从 context 取当前用户完整邮箱（推送用），失败返回空串。
+func userEmailOf(c *gin.Context) string {
+	if cu, ok := c.Get("currentUser"); ok {
+		if u, ok := cu.(*db.User); ok {
+			return u.Username + "@" + u.Domain.Name
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// seqOfFolder 返回消息在文件夹中的序号（1 基，与 IMAP 序号排序一致）。
+func (h *MailHandler) seqOfFolder(userID uint, folder string, msgID uint) uint32 {
+	msgs, err := h.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, folder)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	for i := range msgs {
+		if msgs[i].ID == msgID {
+			return uint32(i + 1)
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// purgeMessages 永久删除邮件（含附件文件与配额回退）。
+func (h *MailHandler) purgeMessages(userID uint, msgs []db.Message) {
+	ids := make([]uint, 0, len(msgs))
+	for i := range msgs {
+		attachments, _ := h.stores.Attachments.ListByMessage(msgs[i].ID)
+		for _, att := range attachments {
+			_ = h.storage.Delete(att.FilePath)
+			_ = h.stores.Users.UpdateUsedBytes(userID, -att.FileSize)
+		}
+		if err := h.stores.Attachments.DeleteByMessage(msgs[i].ID); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("web: 删除附件记录失败 msg=%d: %v", msgs[i].ID, err)
+		}
+		ids = append(ids, msgs[i].ID)
+	}
+	if err := h.stores.Mails.DeleteMany(ids); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("web: 删除邮件失败: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Folder renders the generic mailbox page for any folder the IMAP layer
+// exposes (INBOX / Sent / Drafts / Trash / custom mailboxes).
+func (h *MailHandler) Folder(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
+	name, ok := h.svc.Canonical(userID, c.Param("name"))
+	if !ok {
+		c.String(http.StatusNotFound, "邮箱不存在")
 		return
 	}
-
-// Inbox renders the inbox page showing all messages in the user's INBOX folder.
-func (h *MailHandler) Inbox(c *gin.Context) {
-	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
 	page := getPageParam(c, "page", 1)
 
-	messages, total, err := h.stores.Mails.ListByUserAndFolder(userID, "INBOX", page, 20)
+	messages, total, err := h.svc.Messages(userID, name, page, 20)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "加载收件箱失败: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "加载邮件列表失败: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
-
-	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
-
 	totalPages := int(total) / 20
 	if int(total)%20 > 0 {
 		totalPages++
@@ -92,18 +142,18 @@ func (h *MailHandler) Inbox(c *gin.Context) {
 		totalPages = 0
 	}
 
-	c.HTML(200, "inbox", gin.H{
+	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
+	c.HTML(200, "folder", gin.H{
 		"currentUser":  currentUser,
 		"messages":     messages,
 		"total":        total,
 		"page":         page,
 		"pageSize":     20,
 		"totalPages":   totalPages,
-		"folder":       "INBOX",
+		"folder":       name,
-		"activeFolder": "inbox",
+		"activeFolder": name,
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
+		"isTrash":      name == "Trash",
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -140,16 +190,14 @@ func (h *MailHandler) View(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
 
 	c.HTML(200, "view", gin.H{
 		"currentUser":  currentUser,
 		"message":      msg,
 		"attachments":  attachments,
-		"activeFolder": resolveActiveFolder(msg.Folder),
+		"activeFolder": msg.Folder,
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
+		"inTrash":      msg.Folder == "Trash",
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -167,8 +215,6 @@ func (h *MailHandler) Compose(c *gin.Context) {
 		quotaBytes = user.QuotaBytes
 	}
 
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
-
 	c.HTML(200, "compose", gin.H{
 		"currentUser":  currentUser,
 		"activeFolder": "compose",
@@ -178,12 +224,26 @@ func (h *MailHandler) Compose(c *gin.Context) {
 		"bodyContent":  "",
 		"usedBytes":    usedBytes,
 		"quotaBytes":   quotaBytes,
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
 	})
 }
 
+// composeData builds the shared template context for the compose page.
+func (h *MailHandler) composeData(userID uint, user *db.User, errMsg, to, subject, cc, body string) gin.H {
+	return gin.H{
+		"currentUser":  user,
+		"activeFolder": "compose",
+		"error":        errMsg,
+		"to":           to,
+		"subject":      subject,
+		"cc":           cc,
+		"bodyContent":  body,
+		"usedBytes":    user.UsedBytes,
+		"quotaBytes":   user.QuotaBytes,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
+	}
+}
+
 // DoSend processes the email composition form, sends the email via SMTP,
 // and stores the message record.
 func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -198,17 +258,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 	cc := c.PostForm("cc")
 
 	if to == "" {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, "请输入收件人", to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "compose",
-			"error":        "请输入收件人",
-			"to":           to,
-			"subject":      subject,
-			"cc":           cc,
-			"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-			"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-			"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -226,17 +276,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 			}
 			reserved, err := h.stores.Users.TryReserveQuota(userID, totalNewSize)
 			if err != nil {
-				c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", gin.H{
+				c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, "配额检查失败，请稍后重试", to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-					"currentUser":  currentUser,
-					"activeFolder": "compose",
-					"error":        "配额检查失败，请稍后重试",
-					"to":           to,
-					"subject":      subject,
-					"cc":           cc,
-					"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-					"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-					"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-				})
 				return
 			}
 			if !reserved {
@@ -255,6 +295,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 					"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
 					"usedBytes":    usedBytes,
 					"quotaBytes":   quotaBytes,
+					"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
 				})
 				return
 			}
@@ -314,46 +355,16 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 	if len(externalRecipients) > 0 {
 		ob := h.outbound
 		if ob == nil || !ob.Enabled() {
-			c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", gin.H{
+			c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, "外部投递未启用", to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-				"currentUser":  currentUser,
-				"activeFolder": "compose",
-				"error":        "外部投递未启用",
-				"to":           to,
-				"subject":      subject,
-				"cc":           cc,
-				"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-				"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-				"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-			})
 			return
 		}
 		if maxRcpt := ob.MaxRecipients(); maxRcpt > 0 && len(externalRecipients) > maxRcpt {
-			c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", gin.H{
+			c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, fmt.Sprintf("外部收件人过多：最多 %d 个", maxRcpt), to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-				"currentUser":  currentUser,
-				"activeFolder": "compose",
-				"error":        fmt.Sprintf("外部收件人过多：最多 %d 个", maxRcpt),
-				"to":           to,
-				"subject":      subject,
-				"cc":           cc,
-				"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-				"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-				"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-			})
 			return
 		}
 		for _, rcpt := range externalRecipients {
 			if _, err := ob.Enqueue(currentUser, fromAddr, rcpt, []byte(rawMessage)); err != nil {
-				c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", gin.H{
+				c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, fmt.Sprintf("外发邮件入队失败 (%s): %v", rcpt, err), to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-					"currentUser":  currentUser,
-					"activeFolder": "compose",
-					"error":        fmt.Sprintf("外发邮件入队失败 (%s): %v", rcpt, err),
-					"to":           to,
-					"subject":      subject,
-					"cc":           cc,
-					"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-					"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-					"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-				})
 				return
 			}
 		}
@@ -375,17 +386,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 			IsRead:    false,
 		}
 		if createErr := h.stores.Mails.Create(inboxMsg); createErr != nil {
-			c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", gin.H{
+			c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, fmt.Sprintf("投递邮件失败: %v", createErr), to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-				"currentUser":  currentUser,
-				"activeFolder": "compose",
-				"error":        fmt.Sprintf("投递邮件失败: %v", createErr),
-				"to":           to,
-				"subject":      subject,
-				"cc":           cc,
-				"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-				"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-				"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-			})
 			return
 		}
 		// 本地投递成功 → IMAP 新邮件推送（IDLE 客户端实时收到通知）
@@ -411,17 +412,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) DoSend(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if createErr := h.stores.Mails.Create(msg); createErr != nil {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "compose", h.composeData(userID, currentUser, fmt.Sprintf("保存邮件失败: %v", createErr), to, subject, cc, htmlBody))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "compose",
-			"error":        fmt.Sprintf("保存邮件失败: %v", createErr),
-			"to":           to,
-			"subject":      subject,
-			"cc":           cc,
-			"bodyContent":  htmlBody,
-			"usedBytes":    currentUser.UsedBytes,
-			"quotaBytes":   currentUser.QuotaBytes,
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -572,43 +563,6 @@ var mimeTypes = map[string]string{
 	".csv":  "text/csv",
 }
 
-// Sent renders the sent mail folder page.
-func (h *MailHandler) Sent(c *gin.Context) {
-	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
-	page := getPageParam(c, "page", 1)
-
-	messages, total, err := h.stores.Mails.ListByUserAndFolder(userID, "Sent", page, 20)
-	if err != nil {
-		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "加载发件箱失败: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
-
-	totalPages := int(total) / 20
-	if int(total)%20 > 0 {
-		totalPages++
-	}
-	if totalPages < 1 {
-		totalPages = 0
-	}
-
-	c.HTML(200, "sent", gin.H{
-		"currentUser":  currentUser,
-		"messages":     messages,
-		"total":        total,
-		"page":         page,
-		"pageSize":     20,
-		"totalPages":   totalPages,
-		"folder":       "Sent",
-		"activeFolder": "sent",
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
-	})
-}
-
 // safeRedirectPath 仅接受同站相对路径（以 / 开头且非 //），
 // 防止把用户重定向到外部站点（开放重定向）。非法值返回空串，
 // 调用方应回退到默认路径。
@@ -619,7 +573,8 @@ func safeRedirectPath(referer string) string {
 	return referer
 }
 
-// Delete removes a message by ID after verifying ownership.
+// Delete 删除邮件（IMAP 语义）：非 Trash 文件夹 → 移入 Trash；
+// 已在 Trash → 彻底删除。
 func (h *MailHandler) Delete(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
 	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("id"), 10, 64)
@@ -633,50 +588,128 @@ func (h *MailHandler) Delete(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "禁止访问")
 		return
 	}
+	userEmail := userEmailOf(c)
 
-	// Delete attachments on disk and in DB, and decrease UsedBytes
+	if msg.Folder == "Trash" {
-	attachments, _ := h.stores.Attachments.ListByMessage(uint(id))
+		// 垃圾箱中删除 = 彻底删除
-	for _, att := range attachments {
+		seq := h.seqOfFolder(userID, msg.Folder, msg.ID)
-		_ = h.storage.Delete(att.FilePath)
+		h.purgeMessages(userID, []db.Message{*msg})
-		_ = h.stores.Users.UpdateUsedBytes(userID, -att.FileSize)
+		if h.pusher != nil && userEmail != "" {
-	}
-	if err := h.stores.Attachments.DeleteByMessage(uint(id)); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("web: 删除附件记录失败 msg=%d: %v", id, err)
-	}
-
-	// 删除前计算消息在所属文件夹中的序号（用于 Expunge 推送）
-	var seq uint32
-	if msgs, err := h.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, msg.Folder); err == nil {
-		for i := range msgs {
-			if msgs[i].ID == uint(id) {
-				seq = uint32(i + 1)
-				break
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if err := h.stores.Mails.Delete(uint(id)); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("web: 删除邮件失败 msg=%d: %v", id, err)
-	}
-
-	// 删除 → 推送给该用户的其他 IMAP 客户端
-	if h.pusher != nil && seq > 0 {
-		userEmail := ""
-		if cu, ok := c.Get("currentUser"); ok {
-			if u, ok := cu.(*db.User); ok {
-				userEmail = u.Username + "@" + u.Domain.Name
-			}
-		}
 			h.pusher.PushExpunged(userEmail, msg.Folder, []uint32{seq})
 		}
+	} else {
+		// 其余文件夹删除 = 移入垃圾箱（与 IMAP MOVE 同源语义）
+		seq := h.seqOfFolder(userID, msg.Folder, msg.ID)
+		if err := h.svc.Move(userID, []uint{msg.ID}, "Trash"); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("web: 移入垃圾箱失败 msg=%d: %v", id, err)
+			c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "删除失败")
+			return
+		}
+		if h.pusher != nil && userEmail != "" {
+			h.pusher.PushExpunged(userEmail, msg.Folder, []uint32{seq})
+			h.pusher.PushNewMessage(userEmail, &db.Message{UserID: userID, Folder: "Trash"})
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Redirect back based on the folder（仅同站相对路径，防开放重定向）
 	referer := safeRedirectPath(c.GetHeader("Referer"))
 	if referer == "" {
-		referer = "/inbox"
+		referer = "/folder/" + msg.Folder
 	}
 	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, referer)
 }
 
+// Restore 把垃圾箱中的邮件恢复到收件箱。
+func (h *MailHandler) Restore(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
+	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("id"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.String(http.StatusBadRequest, "无效的邮件ID")
+		return
+	}
+
+	msg, err := h.stores.Mails.GetByID(uint(id))
+	if err != nil || msg.UserID != userID {
+		c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "禁止访问")
+		return
+	}
+	if msg.Folder != "Trash" {
+		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/"+msg.Folder)
+		return
+	}
+
+	seq := h.seqOfFolder(userID, "Trash", msg.ID)
+	if err := h.svc.Move(userID, []uint{msg.ID}, "INBOX"); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("web: 恢复邮件失败 msg=%d: %v", id, err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "恢复失败")
+		return
+	}
+	if h.pusher != nil {
+		if email := userEmailOf(c); email != "" {
+			h.pusher.PushExpunged(email, "Trash", []uint32{seq})
+			h.pusher.PushNewMessage(email, &db.Message{UserID: userID, Folder: "INBOX"})
+		}
+	}
+	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/Trash")
+}
+
+// Purge 彻底删除一封邮件（任意文件夹）。
+func (h *MailHandler) Purge(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
+	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(c.Param("id"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.String(http.StatusBadRequest, "无效的邮件ID")
+		return
+	}
+
+	msg, err := h.stores.Mails.GetByID(uint(id))
+	if err != nil || msg.UserID != userID {
+		c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "禁止访问")
+		return
+	}
+
+	seq := h.seqOfFolder(userID, msg.Folder, msg.ID)
+	h.purgeMessages(userID, []db.Message{*msg})
+	if h.pusher != nil {
+		if email := userEmailOf(c); email != "" {
+			h.pusher.PushExpunged(email, msg.Folder, []uint32{seq})
+		}
+	}
+
+	referer := safeRedirectPath(c.GetHeader("Referer"))
+	if referer == "" {
+		referer = "/folder/" + msg.Folder
+	}
+	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, referer)
+}
+
+// EmptyFolder 清空文件夹（永久删除其中全部邮件）。
+func (h *MailHandler) EmptyFolder(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
+	name, ok := h.svc.Canonical(userID, c.Param("name"))
+	if !ok {
+		c.String(http.StatusNotFound, "邮箱不存在")
+		return
+	}
+
+	msgs, err := h.stores.Mails.ListAllByUserAndFolder(userID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "清空文件夹失败: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	seqs := make([]uint32, 0, len(msgs))
+	for i := range msgs {
+		seqs = append(seqs, uint32(i+1))
+	}
+	h.purgeMessages(userID, msgs)
+	if h.pusher != nil {
+		if email := userEmailOf(c); email != "" {
+			h.pusher.PushExpunged(email, name, seqs)
+		}
+	}
+	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/"+name)
+}
+
 // MarkRead marks a message as read.
 func (h *MailHandler) MarkRead(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
@@ -709,7 +742,7 @@ func (h *MailHandler) MarkRead(c *gin.Context) {
 	// Redirect back based on the folder（仅同站相对路径，防开放重定向）
 	referer := safeRedirectPath(c.GetHeader("Referer"))
 	if referer == "" {
-		referer = "/inbox"
+		referer = "/folder/INBOX"
 	}
 	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, referer)
 }
@@ -760,60 +793,31 @@ func getPageParam(c *gin.Context, key string, defaultVal int) int {
 	return page
 }
 
-// Drafts renders the drafts folder page.
-func (h *MailHandler) Drafts(c *gin.Context) {
-	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
-	page := getPageParam(c, "page", 1)
-
-	messages, total, err := h.stores.Mails.ListByUserAndFolder(userID, "Drafts", page, 20)
-	if err != nil {
-		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "加载草稿箱失败: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
-
-	totalPages := int(total) / 20
-	if int(total)%20 > 0 {
-		totalPages++
-	}
-	if totalPages < 1 {
-		totalPages = 0
-	}
-
-	c.HTML(200, "drafts", gin.H{
-		"currentUser":  currentUser,
-		"messages":     messages,
-		"total":        total,
-		"page":         page,
-		"pageSize":     20,
-		"totalPages":   totalPages,
-		"folder":       "Drafts",
-		"activeFolder": "drafts",
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
-	})
-}
-
 // Settings renders the user settings page.
 func (h *MailHandler) Settings(c *gin.Context) {
 	currentUser, _ := c.Get("currentUser")
 	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
-	inboxUnread, draftsTotal, sentTotal := h.folderCounts(userID)
 	c.HTML(200, "settings", gin.H{
 		"currentUser":  currentUser,
 		"activeFolder": "settings",
 		"error":        "",
 		"success":      "",
 		"mustChange":   c.Query("force") == "1",
-		"inboxUnread":  inboxUnread,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
-		"draftsTotal":  draftsTotal,
-		"sentTotal":    sentTotal,
 	})
 }
 
+// settingsData builds the shared template context for the settings page.
+func (h *MailHandler) settingsData(userID uint, user *db.User, errMsg, success string) gin.H {
+	return gin.H{
+		"currentUser":  user,
+		"activeFolder": "settings",
+		"error":        errMsg,
+		"success":      success,
+		"folders":      h.foldersFor(userID),
+	}
+}
+
 // UpdateSettings handles the password change form.
 func (h *MailHandler) UpdateSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := c.GetUint("userID")
@@ -826,76 +830,32 @@ func (h *MailHandler) UpdateSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	// Verify old password
 	if err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(currentUser.PasswordHash), []byte(oldPassword)); err != nil {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "当前密码不正确", ""))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "settings",
-			"error":        "当前密码不正确",
-			"success":      "",
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
 	if newPassword == "" {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "新密码不能为空", ""))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "settings",
-			"error":        "新密码不能为空",
-			"success":      "",
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
 	if newPassword != confirmPassword {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "两次输入的密码不一致", ""))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "settings",
-			"error":        "两次输入的密码不一致",
-			"success":      "",
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
 	hashedPassword, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(newPassword), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "settings", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "密码加密失败", ""))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "settings",
-			"error":        "密码加密失败",
-			"success":      "",
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
 	if err := h.stores.Users.UpdatePassword(userID, string(hashedPassword)); err != nil {
-		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "settings", gin.H{
+		c.HTML(http.StatusInternalServerError, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "密码更新失败", ""))
-			"currentUser":  currentUser,
-			"activeFolder": "settings",
-			"error":        "密码更新失败",
-			"success":      "",
-		})
 		return
 	}
 
-	c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "settings", gin.H{
+	c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "settings", h.settingsData(userID, currentUser, "", "密码修改成功"))
-		"currentUser":  currentUser,
-		"activeFolder": "settings",
-		"error":        "",
-		"success":      "密码修改成功",
-	})
-}
-
-// resolveActiveFolder maps a folder name to a sidebar active state key.
-func resolveActiveFolder(folder string) string {
-	switch folder {
-	case "INBOX":
-		return "inbox"
-	case "Sent":
-		return "sent"
-	case "Drafts":
-		return "drafts"
-	default:
-		return folder
-	}
 }
 
 // formatBytes converts a file size in bytes to a human-readable string.

internal/web/handlers/mail_delete_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+package handlers
+
+// Web 删除语义回归测试：删除=移入垃圾箱（IMAP 语义）、垃圾箱中删除=彻底
+// 删除、恢复=回到收件箱、清空=永久删除。文件夹操作全部经由 MailboxService
+// （与 IMAP 会话共用同一份实现）。
+
+import (
+	"html/template"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"mail_go/internal/db"
+	"mail_go/internal/imap_server"
+	"mail_go/internal/store"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+func newMailTestHandler(t *testing.T) (*MailHandler, *store.Stores) {
+	t.Helper()
+	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.Attachment{}, &db.Mailbox{}, &db.MailboxState{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	stores := store.NewStores(gdb)
+	if err := stores.Users.Create(&db.User{ID: 1, Username: "alice", Domain: db.Domain{Name: "example.com"}, DomainID: 1}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return NewMailHandler(stores, nil, nil, imap_server.NewMailboxService(stores), nil), stores
+}
+
+// newMailTestRouter 注册删除/恢复/清空路由并注入认证上下文。
+func newMailTestRouter(h *MailHandler) *gin.Engine {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	r := gin.New()
+	// Folder 页渲染需要模板（与 oauth2 测试共用同一份测试函数表）
+	tmpl := template.Must(template.New("").Funcs(testTemplateFuncs()).ParseGlob(filepath.Join("..", "templates", "*.html")))
+	r.SetHTMLTemplate(tmpl)
+	r.Use(func(c *gin.Context) {
+		c.Set("userID", uint(1))
+		c.Set("currentUser", &db.User{ID: 1, Username: "alice", Domain: db.Domain{Name: "example.com"}})
+		c.Next()
+	})
+	r.POST("/mail/delete/:id", h.Delete)
+	r.POST("/mail/restore/:id", h.Restore)
+	r.POST("/mail/purge/:id", h.Purge)
+	r.POST("/folder/:name/empty", h.EmptyFolder)
+	r.GET("/folder/:name", h.Folder)
+	return r
+}
+
+func seedWebMsg(t *testing.T, stores *store.Stores, folder string) *db.Message {
+	t.Helper()
+	msg := &db.Message{
+		UserID:   1,
+		Folder:   folder,
+		FromAddr: "sender@other.com",
+		ToAddr:   "alice@example.com",
+		Subject:  "测试邮件",
+		Date:     time.Now(),
+	}
+	if err := stores.Mails.Create(msg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return msg
+}
+
+func msgFolder(t *testing.T, stores *store.Stores, id uint) (string, bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	msg, err := stores.Mails.GetByID(id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return msg.Folder, true
+}
+
+func TestWebDeleteMovesToTrash(t *testing.T) {
+	h, stores := newMailTestHandler(t)
+	msg := seedWebMsg(t, stores, "INBOX")
+	r := newMailTestRouter(h)
+
+	// 收件箱删除 → 移入垃圾箱（非物理删除）
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/mail/delete/"+itoa(msg.ID), nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Referer", "/folder/INBOX")
+	r.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusFound {
+		t.Fatalf("delete status = %d, want 302", w.Code)
+	}
+	folder, ok := msgFolder(t, stores, msg.ID)
+	if !ok || folder != "Trash" {
+		t.Fatalf("deleted msg folder = %q, want Trash", folder)
+	}
+
+	// 垃圾箱中再删除 → 彻底删除
+	w2 := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req2 := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/mail/delete/"+itoa(msg.ID), nil)
+	req2.Header.Set("Referer", "/folder/Trash")
+	r.ServeHTTP(w2, req2)
+	if _, ok := msgFolder(t, stores, msg.ID); ok {
+		t.Fatal("trash delete should purge the message")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWebRestoreToInbox(t *testing.T) {
+	h, stores := newMailTestHandler(t)
+	msg := seedWebMsg(t, stores, "Trash")
+	r := newMailTestRouter(h)
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/mail/restore/"+itoa(msg.ID), nil)
+	r.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusFound {
+		t.Fatalf("restore status = %d, want 302", w.Code)
+	}
+	folder, ok := msgFolder(t, stores, msg.ID)
+	if !ok || folder != "INBOX" {
+		t.Fatalf("restored msg folder = %q, want INBOX", folder)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWebEmptyFolderPurgesAll(t *testing.T) {
+	h, stores := newMailTestHandler(t)
+	seedWebMsg(t, stores, "Trash")
+	seedWebMsg(t, stores, "Trash")
+	r := newMailTestRouter(h)
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/folder/Trash/empty", nil)
+	r.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusFound {
+		t.Fatalf("empty status = %d, want 302", w.Code)
+	}
+	count, err := stores.Mails.CountByUserAndFolder(1, "Trash")
+	if err != nil || count != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Trash count after empty = %d, want 0", count)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWebFolderPageListsDynamicFolders(t *testing.T) {
+	h, stores := newMailTestHandler(t)
+	seedWebMsg(t, stores, "INBOX")
+	r := newMailTestRouter(h)
+
+	// IMAP CREATE 语义创建的自定义文件夹（经同一 MailboxService）
+	svc := imap_server.NewMailboxService(stores)
+	if err := svc.Create(1, "工作"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create custom mailbox: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/folder/工作", nil)
+	r.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("custom folder page status = %d, want 200", w.Code)
+	}
+
+	// 不存在的文件夹 → 404
+	w2 := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req2 := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/folder/不存在", nil)
+	r.ServeHTTP(w2, req2)
+	if w2.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("missing folder status = %d, want 404", w2.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func itoa(n uint) string {
+	if n == 0 {
+		return "0"
+	}
+	var b []byte
+	for n > 0 {
+		b = append([]byte{byte('0' + n%10)}, b...)
+		n /= 10
+	}
+	return string(b)
+}

internal/web/handlers/oauth2_state_test.go

@@ -46,7 +46,12 @@ func testTemplateFuncs() template.FuncMap {
 		"initial":      func(s string) string { return "?" },
 		"truncate":     func(s string, n int) string { return s },
 		"shortDate":    func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006-01-02") },
+		"localTime":    func(t time.Time) time.Time { return t },
+		"time12":       func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05") },
+		"time12m":      func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04") },
 		"avatarStyle":  func(s string) string { return "background:#eee;color:#333" },
+		"urlPath":      func(s string) string { return url.PathEscape(s) },
+		"folderLabel":  func(s string) string { return s },
 	}
 }
 

internal/web/render_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"mail_go/internal/db"
+	"mail_go/internal/imap_server"
 )
 
 func TestRenderAllPages(t *testing.T) {
@@ -46,27 +47,34 @@ func TestRenderAllPages(t *testing.T) {
 		{ID: 2, FileName: "logo.png", FileSize: 128 * 1024},
 	}
 
+	folders := []imap_server.FolderInfo{
+		{Name: "INBOX", SpecialUse: "", Unseen: 2},
+		{Name: "Sent", SpecialUse: "Sent", Total: 3},
+		{Name: "Drafts", SpecialUse: "Drafts", Total: 1},
+		{Name: "Trash", SpecialUse: "Trash", Total: 5},
+		{Name: "工作", SpecialUse: "", Total: 4},
+	}
+
 	cases := []struct {
 		name string
 		data ginH
 	}{
 		{"login", ginH{"error": ""}},
 		{"banned", ginH{"entry": &db.BanEntry{IPAddress: "1.2.3.4", Reason: "登录失败次数过多", FailCount: 8, ExpiresAt: now.Add(20 * time.Minute)}}},
-		{"inbox", ginH{"currentUser": user, "messages": messages, "total": 5, "page": 1, "totalPages": 1, "activeFolder": "inbox", "inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3)}},
+		{"folder", ginH{"currentUser": user, "messages": messages, "total": 5, "page": 1, "totalPages": 1, "folder": "INBOX", "activeFolder": "INBOX", "isTrash": false, "folders": folders}},
-		{"drafts", ginH{"currentUser": user, "messages": messages, "total": 1, "page": 1, "totalPages": 1, "activeFolder": "drafts", "inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3)}},
+		{"folder", ginH{"currentUser": user, "messages": messages, "total": 2, "page": 1, "totalPages": 1, "folder": "Trash", "activeFolder": "Trash", "isTrash": true, "folders": folders}},
-		{"sent", ginH{"currentUser": user, "messages": messages, "total": 3, "page": 1, "totalPages": 1, "activeFolder": "sent", "inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3)}},
 		{"view", ginH{
-			"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "inbox",
+			"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "INBOX",
 			"message":     &db.Message{ID: 1, Folder: "INBOX", FromAddr: "=?UTF-8?B?5byg5LiJ?= <zhangsan@lmve.net>", ToAddr: "admin@lmve.net", Subject: "邮件系统部署完成通知", TextBody: "您好！您的 MailGo 邮件系统已成功部署。", HtmlBody: "", Date: now, IsRead: false},
-			"attachments": attachments, "inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3),
+			"attachments": attachments, "inTrash": false, "folders": folders,
 		}},
 		{"compose", ginH{
 			"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "compose", "error": "",
 			"to": "zhangsan@lmve.net", "subject": "Re: 邮件系统部署完成通知", "bodyContent": "",
 			"usedBytes": int64(5 * 1024 * 1024), "quotaBytes": int64(5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024),
-			"inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3),
+			"folders": folders,
 		}},
-		{"settings", ginH{"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "settings", "error": "", "success": "", "inboxUnread": int64(2), "draftsTotal": int64(1), "sentTotal": int64(3)}},
+		{"settings", ginH{"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "settings", "error": "", "success": "", "folders": folders}},
 		{"admin_dashboard", ginH{"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "admin", "domainCount": 2, "userCount": 5, "totalMails": 100, "banCount": 1, "inboxCount": 50, "sentCount": 30, "draftsCount": 10, "trashCount": 5, "inboxSize": int64(1024), "sentSize": int64(512), "totalSize": int64(2048), "todayReceived": 3, "todaySent": 2, "weekReceived": 20, "weekSent": 15}},
 		{"admin_bans", ginH{
 			"currentUser": user, "activeFolder": "bans",

internal/web/server.go

@@ -4,11 +4,14 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"html/template"
+	"io/fs"
 	"math"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unicode/utf8"
@@ -54,6 +57,8 @@ type WebServer struct {
 	caddyDataDir string
 	outbound     *outbound.Manager
 	hub          *connhub.Hub
+	// staticFS 内嵌的静态资源（/static 路由），二进制自包含
+	staticFS http.FileSystem
 	// pusher 邮件状态变化推送（IMAP 客户端实时同步），可空
 	pusher imap_server.Pusher
 }
@@ -103,10 +108,36 @@ func templateFuncs() template.FuncMap {
 		"initial": initial,
 		// truncate 折叠空白并截断到 n 个字符（用于列表摘要）。
 		"truncate": truncate,
-		// shortDate 按 QQ 邮箱习惯格式化：今天显示 HH:mm，今年显示 MM-DD，更早显示 YYYY-MM-DD。
+		// shortDate 邮件列表时间：统一 12 小时制（上午/下午）。
+		// 今天显示「下午 2:35」，今年显示「08-20 下午 2:35」，
+		// 更早显示「2026-08-20 下午 2:35」。
 		"shortDate": shortDate,
+		// time12 完整时间（含秒），先转换为 Web 时区：
+		// 「2026-08-20 下午 2:35:05」。
+		"time12": time12,
+		// time12m 同上但不含秒。
+		"time12m": time12m,
+		// localTime 把存储的 UTC 时间转换为 Web 配置时区（默认 Asia/Shanghai）。
+		"localTime": localTime,
 		// avatarStyle 根据字符串哈希生成头像背景/前景色。
 		"avatarStyle": avatarStyle,
+		// urlPath 转义文件夹名用于 URL 路径（自定义文件夹可能含中文/空格）。
+		"urlPath": url.PathEscape,
+		// folderLabel 返回文件夹的界面显示名（系统文件夹中文名，自定义原名）。
+		"folderLabel": func(name string) string {
+			switch name {
+			case "INBOX":
+				return "收件箱"
+			case "Sent":
+				return "已发送"
+			case "Drafts":
+				return "草稿箱"
+			case "Trash":
+				return "已删除"
+			default:
+				return name
+			}
+		},
 	}
 }
 
@@ -155,17 +186,91 @@ func truncate(s string, n int) string {
 	return string(r[:n]) + "…"
 }
 
-// shortDate formats a time like QQ Mail does: today -> HH:mm,
+// periodOf 返回 12 小时制的时间段与小时：上午/下午 + 1-12。
-// this year -> MM-DD, otherwise -> YYYY-MM-DD.
+func periodOf(t time.Time) (string, int) {
+	period := "上午"
+	if t.Hour() >= 12 {
+		period = "下午"
+	}
+	h := t.Hour() % 12
+	if h == 0 {
+		h = 12
+	}
+	return period, h
+}
+
+// shortDate 邮件列表时间（12 小时制，先按 Web 配置时区转换）：
+// 今天 → 「下午 2:35」；今年 → 「08-20 下午 2:35」；
+// 更早 → 「2026-08-20 下午 2:35」。
 func shortDate(t time.Time) string {
-	now := time.Now()
+	t = inWebTZ(t)
+	now := time.Now().In(t.Location())
+	period, h := periodOf(t)
+	clock := fmt.Sprintf("%s %d:%02d", period, h, t.Minute())
 	if t.Year() == now.Year() && t.YearDay() == now.YearDay() {
-		return t.Format("15:04")
+		return clock
 	}
 	if t.Year() == now.Year() {
-		return t.Format("01-02")
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", t.Format("01-02"), clock)
 	}
-	return t.Format("2006-01-02")
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", t.Format("2006-01-02"), clock)
+}
+
+// time12 完整时间（12 小时制，先按 Web 配置时区转换）：
+// 「2026-08-20 下午 2:35:05」。
+func time12(t time.Time) string {
+	t = inWebTZ(t)
+	period, h := periodOf(t)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s %d:%02d:%02d", t.Format("2006-01-02"), period, h, t.Minute(), t.Second())
+}
+
+// time12m 完整时间（12 小时制，不含秒）。
+func time12m(t time.Time) string {
+	t = inWebTZ(t)
+	period, h := periodOf(t)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s %d:%02d", t.Format("2006-01-02"), period, h, t.Minute())
+}
+
+// webTZ 是 Web 界面显示时间使用的时区（默认 Asia/Shanghai）。
+var webTZ = time.Local
+
+// fixedTimezone 解析 "+08:00"/"UTC+8" 形式的固定偏移时区；解析失败返回 nil。
+func fixedTimezone(s string) *time.Location {
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+	sign := 1
+	rest := s
+	if strings.HasPrefix(rest, "+") {
+		rest = rest[1:]
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(rest, "-") {
+		sign = -1
+		rest = rest[1:]
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToUpper(rest), "UTC") {
+		rest = strings.TrimSpace(rest[3:])
+	}
+	parts := strings.SplitN(rest, ":", 2)
+	h, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(parts[0]))
+	if err != nil || h < 0 || h > 23 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	m := 0
+	if len(parts) == 2 {
+		if m, err = strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(parts[1])); err != nil || m < 0 || m > 59 {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	offset := sign * (h*3600 + m*60)
+	return time.FixedZone("UTC"+strconv.Itoa(offset/3600), offset)
+}
+
+// inWebTZ 把时间转换到 Web 展示时区。
+func inWebTZ(t time.Time) time.Time {
+	return t.In(webTZ)
+}
+
+// localTime 是 localTime 模板函数的实现（转换到 Web 展示时区）。
+func localTime(t time.Time) time.Time {
+	return t.In(webTZ)
 }
 
 // avatarStyle returns inline CSS colors derived from a string hash.
@@ -184,6 +289,17 @@ func NewWebServer(cfg config.WebConfig, stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storag
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	// Web 展示时区：邮件日期库内统一 UTC 存储，界面按配置时区显示。
+	if cfg.Timezone != "" {
+		if loc, err := time.LoadLocation(cfg.Timezone); err == nil {
+			webTZ = loc
+		} else if loc2 := fixedTimezone(cfg.Timezone); loc2 != nil {
+			webTZ = loc2
+		} else {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("无效的 Web 时区配置 %q: %v", cfg.Timezone, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)
 	engine := gin.New()
 	engine.Use(gin.Logger())
@@ -215,6 +331,12 @@ func NewWebServer(cfg config.WebConfig, stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storag
 	template.Must(tmpl.ParseGlob("internal/web/templates/admin/*.html"))
 	engine.SetHTMLTemplate(tmpl)
 
+	// 内嵌静态资源根目录（/static 路由数据源）
+	staticSub, err := fs.Sub(staticFS, "static")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("加载内嵌静态资源失败: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	ws := &WebServer{
 		engine:       engine,
 		stores:       stores,
@@ -226,6 +348,7 @@ func NewWebServer(cfg config.WebConfig, stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storag
 		caddyDataDir: caddyCfg.DataDir,
 		outbound:     ob,
 		hub:          hub,
+		staticFS:     http.FS(staticSub),
 		pusher:       pusher,
 	}
 
@@ -236,14 +359,19 @@ func NewWebServer(cfg config.WebConfig, stores *store.Stores, attStorage *storag
 // registerRoutes sets up all HTTP routes with their handlers and middleware.
 func (ws *WebServer) registerRoutes() {
 	authHandler := handlers.NewAuthHandler(ws.stores, ws.authCfg, ws.banCfg)
-	mailHandler := handlers.NewMailHandler(ws.stores, ws.storage, ws.outbound, ws.pusher)
+	mailHandler := handlers.NewMailHandler(ws.stores, ws.storage, ws.outbound, imap_server.NewMailboxService(ws.stores), ws.pusher)
-	adminHandler := handlers.NewAdminHandler(ws.stores, ws.storage, filepath.Join(ws.storageCfg.BaseDir, "tls", "domains"), ws.caddyDataDir, ws.outbound, ws.cfg.ProtocolLogKeepDays, ws.hub)
+	adminHandler := handlers.NewAdminHandler(ws.stores, ws.storage, filepath.Join(ws.storageCfg.BaseDir, "tls", "domains"), ws.caddyDataDir, ws.outbound, ws.cfg.ProtocolLogKeepDays, ws.hub, webTZ)
 
 	// Apply BanMiddleware globally before public routes
 	ws.engine.Use(middleware.BanMiddleware(ws.stores))
 	// Security headers on every response
 	ws.engine.Use(middleware.SecurityHeaders())
 
+	// 静态资源（本地化的 Quill 编辑器等第三方前端库）。
+	// 内嵌于二进制：同源加载以满足 CSP script-src/style-src 'self'，
+	// 且不依赖部署目录（install.sh 只复制二进制 + templates）。
+	ws.engine.StaticFS("/static", ws.staticFS)
+
 	// Public routes (no auth required)
 	ws.engine.GET("/login", authHandler.ShowLogin)
 	ws.engine.POST("/login", authHandler.DoLogin)
@@ -260,20 +388,27 @@ func (ws *WebServer) registerRoutes() {
 			c.Redirect(302, "/inbox")
 		})
 
-		// Mail routes
+		// Mail routes：通用文件夹页（文件夹目录与 IMAP LIST 同源）
-		auth.GET("/inbox", mailHandler.Inbox)
+		auth.GET("/folder/:name", mailHandler.Folder)
-		auth.GET("/inbox/:id", mailHandler.View)
+		auth.GET("/folder/:name/:id", mailHandler.View)
+		auth.POST("/folder/:name/empty", mailHandler.EmptyFolder)
 		auth.GET("/compose", mailHandler.Compose)
 		auth.POST("/compose", mailHandler.DoSend)
-		auth.GET("/drafts", mailHandler.Drafts)
-		auth.GET("/drafts/:id", mailHandler.View)
-		auth.GET("/sent", mailHandler.Sent)
-		auth.GET("/sent/:id", mailHandler.View)
 		auth.GET("/settings", mailHandler.Settings)
 		auth.POST("/settings", mailHandler.UpdateSettings)
 		auth.POST("/mail/delete/:id", mailHandler.Delete)
+		auth.POST("/mail/restore/:id", mailHandler.Restore)
+		auth.POST("/mail/purge/:id", mailHandler.Purge)
 		auth.POST("/mail/read/:id", mailHandler.MarkRead)
 		auth.GET("/attachment/:id", mailHandler.DownloadAttachment)
+
+		// 旧路径兼容重定向（登录跳转、书签、外部链接仍指向 /inbox 等）
+		auth.GET("/inbox", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/INBOX") })
+		auth.GET("/inbox/:id", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/INBOX/"+c.Param("id")) })
+		auth.GET("/sent", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/Sent") })
+		auth.GET("/sent/:id", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/Sent/"+c.Param("id")) })
+		auth.GET("/drafts", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/Drafts") })
+		auth.GET("/drafts/:id", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/folder/Drafts/"+c.Param("id")) })
 	}
 
 	// Admin routes (auth + admin required)

internal/web/session_secret_test.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func newTestStores(t *testing.T) *store.Stores {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
 	}
-	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.Attachment{}, &db.BanEntry{}, &db.OutboundMessage{}); err != nil {
+	if err := gdb.AutoMigrate(&db.User{}, &db.Domain{}, &db.Message{}, &db.Attachment{}, &db.BanEntry{}, &db.OutboundMessage{}, &db.Mailbox{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("migrate: %v", err)
 	}
 	return store.NewStores(gdb)
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func TestSessionSignedWithConfiguredSecretKey(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// 合法会话可以访问收件箱
-	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL+"/inbox", nil)
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL + "/folder/INBOX", nil)
 	req.AddCookie(&http.Cookie{Name: "mail_go_session", Value: sessionCookie})
 	resp2, err := client.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func TestLegacyHardcodedKeyCannotForgeSession(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("forge cookie: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL+"/inbox", nil)
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL + "/folder/INBOX", nil)
 	req.AddCookie(&http.Cookie{Name: "mail_go_session", Value: forged})
 	client := &http.Client{CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
 		return http.ErrUseLastResponse
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ func TestSessionAbsoluteExpiryForcesRelogin(t *testing.T) {
 	expired := time.Now().Add(-8 * 24 * time.Hour).Unix()
 	cookie := encodeSessionCookie(t, key, authCookieValues(1, expired))
 
-	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL+"/inbox", nil)
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL + "/folder/INBOX", nil)
 	req.AddCookie(&http.Cookie{Name: "mail_go_session", Value: cookie})
 	client := &http.Client{CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
 		return http.ErrUseLastResponse
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ func TestSessionWithinExpiryWorks(t *testing.T) {
 
 	cookie := encodeSessionCookie(t, key, authCookieValues(1, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour).Unix()))
 
-	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL+"/inbox", nil)
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, srv.URL + "/folder/INBOX", nil)
 	req.AddCookie(&http.Cookie{Name: "mail_go_session", Value: cookie})
 	client := &http.Client{CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
 		return http.ErrUseLastResponse

internal/web/static/vendor/quill/quill.snow.css

@@ -0,0 +1,945 @@
+/*!
+ * Quill Editor v1.3.7
+ * https://quilljs.com/
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Jason Chen
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, salesforce.com
+ */
+.ql-container {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  height: 100%;
+  margin: 0px;
+  position: relative;
+}
+.ql-container.ql-disabled .ql-tooltip {
+  visibility: hidden;
+}
+.ql-container.ql-disabled .ql-editor ul[data-checked] > li::before {
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+.ql-clipboard {
+  left: -100000px;
+  height: 1px;
+  overflow-y: hidden;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 50%;
+}
+.ql-clipboard p {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+.ql-editor {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  line-height: 1.42;
+  height: 100%;
+  outline: none;
+  overflow-y: auto;
+  padding: 12px 15px;
+  tab-size: 4;
+  -moz-tab-size: 4;
+  text-align: left;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  word-wrap: break-word;
+}
+.ql-editor > * {
+  cursor: text;
+}
+.ql-editor p,
+.ql-editor ol,
+.ql-editor ul,
+.ql-editor pre,
+.ql-editor blockquote,
+.ql-editor h1,
+.ql-editor h2,
+.ql-editor h3,
+.ql-editor h4,
+.ql-editor h5,
+.ql-editor h6 {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  counter-reset: list-1 list-2 list-3 list-4 list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol,
+.ql-editor ul {
+  padding-left: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor ol > li,
+.ql-editor ul > li {
+  list-style-type: none;
+}
+.ql-editor ul > li::before {
+  content: '\2022';
+}
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=true],
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=false] {
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=true] > li *,
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=false] > li * {
+  pointer-events: all;
+}
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=true] > li::before,
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=false] > li::before {
+  color: #777;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  pointer-events: all;
+}
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=true] > li::before {
+  content: '\2611';
+}
+.ql-editor ul[data-checked=false] > li::before {
+  content: '\2610';
+}
+.ql-editor li::before {
+  display: inline-block;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  width: 1.2em;
+}
+.ql-editor li:not(.ql-direction-rtl)::before {
+  margin-left: -1.5em;
+  margin-right: 0.3em;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-direction-rtl::before {
+  margin-left: 0.3em;
+  margin-right: -1.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li:not(.ql-direction-rtl),
+.ql-editor ul li:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-direction-rtl,
+.ql-editor ul li.ql-direction-rtl {
+  padding-right: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li {
+  counter-reset: list-1 list-2 list-3 list-4 list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+  counter-increment: list-0;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li:before {
+  content: counter(list-0, decimal) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-1 {
+  counter-increment: list-1;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-1:before {
+  content: counter(list-1, lower-alpha) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-1 {
+  counter-reset: list-2 list-3 list-4 list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-2 {
+  counter-increment: list-2;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-2:before {
+  content: counter(list-2, lower-roman) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-2 {
+  counter-reset: list-3 list-4 list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-3 {
+  counter-increment: list-3;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-3:before {
+  content: counter(list-3, decimal) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-3 {
+  counter-reset: list-4 list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-4 {
+  counter-increment: list-4;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-4:before {
+  content: counter(list-4, lower-alpha) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-4 {
+  counter-reset: list-5 list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-5 {
+  counter-increment: list-5;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-5:before {
+  content: counter(list-5, lower-roman) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-5 {
+  counter-reset: list-6 list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-6 {
+  counter-increment: list-6;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-6:before {
+  content: counter(list-6, decimal) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-6 {
+  counter-reset: list-7 list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-7 {
+  counter-increment: list-7;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-7:before {
+  content: counter(list-7, lower-alpha) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-7 {
+  counter-reset: list-8 list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-8 {
+  counter-increment: list-8;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-8:before {
+  content: counter(list-8, lower-roman) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-8 {
+  counter-reset: list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-9 {
+  counter-increment: list-9;
+}
+.ql-editor ol li.ql-indent-9:before {
+  content: counter(list-9, decimal) '. ';
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-1:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 3em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-1:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 4.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-1.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 3em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-1.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 4.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-2:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 6em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-2:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 7.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-2.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 6em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-2.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 7.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-3:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 9em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-3:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 10.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-3.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 9em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-3.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 10.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-4:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 12em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-4:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 13.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-4.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 12em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-4.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 13.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-5:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 15em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-5:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 16.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-5.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 15em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-5.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 16.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-6:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 18em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-6:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 19.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-6.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 18em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-6.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 19.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-7:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 21em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-7:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 22.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-7.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 21em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-7.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 22.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-8:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 24em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-8:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 25.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-8.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 24em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-8.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 25.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-9:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 27em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-9:not(.ql-direction-rtl) {
+  padding-left: 28.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-indent-9.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 27em;
+}
+.ql-editor li.ql-indent-9.ql-direction-rtl.ql-align-right {
+  padding-right: 28.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-video {
+  display: block;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-video.ql-align-center {
+  margin: 0 auto;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-video.ql-align-right {
+  margin: 0 0 0 auto;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-black {
+  background-color: #000;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-red {
+  background-color: #e60000;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-orange {
+  background-color: #f90;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-yellow {
+  background-color: #ff0;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-green {
+  background-color: #008a00;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-blue {
+  background-color: #06c;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-bg-purple {
+  background-color: #93f;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-white {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-red {
+  color: #e60000;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-orange {
+  color: #f90;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-yellow {
+  color: #ff0;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-green {
+  color: #008a00;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-blue {
+  color: #06c;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-color-purple {
+  color: #93f;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-font-serif {
+  font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-font-monospace {
+  font-family: Monaco, Courier New, monospace;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-size-small {
+  font-size: 0.75em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-size-large {
+  font-size: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-size-huge {
+  font-size: 2.5em;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-direction-rtl {
+  direction: rtl;
+  text-align: inherit;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-align-center {
+  text-align: center;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-align-justify {
+  text-align: justify;
+}
+.ql-editor .ql-align-right {
+  text-align: right;
+}
+.ql-editor.ql-blank::before {
+  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+  content: attr(data-placeholder);
+  font-style: italic;
+  left: 15px;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 15px;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar:after,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar:after {
+  clear: both;
+  content: '';
+  display: table;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button {
+  background: none;
+  border: none;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: inline-block;
+  float: left;
+  height: 24px;
+  padding: 3px 5px;
+  width: 28px;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button svg,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button svg {
+  float: left;
+  height: 100%;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:active:hover,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:active:hover {
+  outline: none;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar input.ql-image[type=file],
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar input.ql-image[type=file] {
+  display: none;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:focus,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:focus,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button.ql-active,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button.ql-active,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected {
+  color: #06c;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke.ql-fill {
+  fill: #06c;
+}
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:focus .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar button.ql-active .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-label.ql-active .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item:hover .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow.ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke-miter,
+.ql-snow .ql-toolbar .ql-picker-item.ql-selected .ql-stroke-miter {
+  stroke: #06c;
+}
+@media (pointer: coarse) {
+  .ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active),
+  .ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) {
+    color: #444;
+  }
+  .ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-fill,
+  .ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-fill,
+  .ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke.ql-fill,
+  .ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke.ql-fill {
+    fill: #444;
+  }
+  .ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke,
+  .ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke,
+  .ql-snow.ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke-miter,
+  .ql-snow .ql-toolbar button:hover:not(.ql-active) .ql-stroke-miter {
+    stroke: #444;
+  }
+}
+.ql-snow {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+.ql-snow * {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-hidden {
+  display: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-out-bottom,
+.ql-snow .ql-out-top {
+  visibility: hidden;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip {
+  position: absolute;
+  transform: translateY(10px);
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip a {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip.ql-flip {
+  transform: translateY(-10px);
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-formats {
+  display: inline-block;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-formats:after {
+  clear: both;
+  content: '';
+  display: table;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-stroke {
+  fill: none;
+  stroke: #444;
+  stroke-linecap: round;
+  stroke-linejoin: round;
+  stroke-width: 2;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-stroke-miter {
+  fill: none;
+  stroke: #444;
+  stroke-miterlimit: 10;
+  stroke-width: 2;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-fill,
+.ql-snow .ql-stroke.ql-fill {
+  fill: #444;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-empty {
+  fill: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-even {
+  fill-rule: evenodd;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-thin,
+.ql-snow .ql-stroke.ql-thin {
+  stroke-width: 1;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-transparent {
+  opacity: 0.4;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-direction svg:last-child {
+  display: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-direction.ql-active svg:last-child {
+  display: inline;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-direction.ql-active svg:first-child {
+  display: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h1 {
+  font-size: 2em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h2 {
+  font-size: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h3 {
+  font-size: 1.17em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h4 {
+  font-size: 1em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h5 {
+  font-size: 0.83em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor h6 {
+  font-size: 0.67em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor a {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor blockquote {
+  border-left: 4px solid #ccc;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+  margin-top: 5px;
+  padding-left: 16px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor code,
+.ql-snow .ql-editor pre {
+  background-color: #f0f0f0;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor pre {
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+  margin-top: 5px;
+  padding: 5px 10px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor code {
+  font-size: 85%;
+  padding: 2px 4px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor pre.ql-syntax {
+  background-color: #23241f;
+  color: #f8f8f2;
+  overflow: visible;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-editor img {
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker {
+  color: #444;
+  display: inline-block;
+  float: left;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  height: 24px;
+  position: relative;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker-label {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: inline-block;
+  height: 100%;
+  padding-left: 8px;
+  padding-right: 2px;
+  position: relative;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker-label::before {
+  display: inline-block;
+  line-height: 22px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker-options {
+  background-color: #fff;
+  display: none;
+  min-width: 100%;
+  padding: 4px 8px;
+  position: absolute;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker-options .ql-picker-item {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: block;
+  padding-bottom: 5px;
+  padding-top: 5px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-label {
+  color: #ccc;
+  z-index: 2;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-label .ql-fill {
+  fill: #ccc;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-label .ql-stroke {
+  stroke: #ccc;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-options {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: -1px;
+  top: 100%;
+  z-index: 1;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker,
+.ql-snow .ql-icon-picker {
+  width: 28px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-label,
+.ql-snow .ql-icon-picker .ql-picker-label {
+  padding: 2px 4px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-label svg,
+.ql-snow .ql-icon-picker .ql-picker-label svg {
+  right: 4px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-icon-picker .ql-picker-options {
+  padding: 4px 0px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-icon-picker .ql-picker-item {
+  height: 24px;
+  width: 24px;
+  padding: 2px 4px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-options {
+  padding: 3px 5px;
+  width: 152px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-item {
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  float: left;
+  height: 16px;
+  margin: 2px;
+  padding: 0px;
+  width: 16px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker:not(.ql-color-picker):not(.ql-icon-picker) svg {
+  position: absolute;
+  margin-top: -9px;
+  right: 0;
+  top: 50%;
+  width: 18px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-label[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-label[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-label]:not([data-label=''])::before {
+  content: attr(data-label);
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header {
+  width: 98px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item::before {
+  content: 'Normal';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="1"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="1"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 1';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="2"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="2"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 2';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="3"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="3"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 3';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="4"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="4"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 4';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="5"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="5"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 5';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-label[data-value="6"]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="6"]::before {
+  content: 'Heading 6';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="1"]::before {
+  font-size: 2em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="2"]::before {
+  font-size: 1.5em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="3"]::before {
+  font-size: 1.17em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="4"]::before {
+  font-size: 1em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="5"]::before {
+  font-size: 0.83em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-header .ql-picker-item[data-value="6"]::before {
+  font-size: 0.67em;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font {
+  width: 108px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-label::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item::before {
+  content: 'Sans Serif';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-label[data-value=serif]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item[data-value=serif]::before {
+  content: 'Serif';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-label[data-value=monospace]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item[data-value=monospace]::before {
+  content: 'Monospace';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item[data-value=serif]::before {
+  font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-font .ql-picker-item[data-value=monospace]::before {
+  font-family: Monaco, Courier New, monospace;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size {
+  width: 98px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-label::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item::before {
+  content: 'Normal';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-label[data-value=small]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=small]::before {
+  content: 'Small';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-label[data-value=large]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=large]::before {
+  content: 'Large';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-label[data-value=huge]::before,
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=huge]::before {
+  content: 'Huge';
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=small]::before {
+  font-size: 10px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=large]::before {
+  font-size: 18px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-size .ql-picker-item[data-value=huge]::before {
+  font-size: 32px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker.ql-background .ql-picker-item {
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-color-picker.ql-color .ql-picker-item {
+  background-color: #000;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow {
+  border: 1px solid #ccc;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', 'Arial', sans-serif;
+  padding: 8px;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-formats {
+  margin-right: 15px;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-picker-label {
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-picker-options {
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  box-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,0.2) 0 2px 8px;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-label {
+  border-color: #ccc;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-picker.ql-expanded .ql-picker-options {
+  border-color: #ccc;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-item.ql-selected,
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow .ql-color-picker .ql-picker-item:hover {
+  border-color: #000;
+}
+.ql-toolbar.ql-snow + .ql-container.ql-snow {
+  border-top: 0px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip {
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #ccc;
+  box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px #ddd;
+  color: #444;
+  padding: 5px 12px;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip::before {
+  content: "Visit URL:";
+  line-height: 26px;
+  margin-right: 8px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip input[type=text] {
+  display: none;
+  border: 1px solid #ccc;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  height: 26px;
+  margin: 0px;
+  padding: 3px 5px;
+  width: 170px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip a.ql-preview {
+  display: inline-block;
+  max-width: 200px;
+  overflow-x: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  vertical-align: top;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip a.ql-action::after {
+  border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
+  content: 'Edit';
+  margin-left: 16px;
+  padding-right: 8px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip a.ql-remove::before {
+  content: 'Remove';
+  margin-left: 8px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip a {
+  line-height: 26px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip.ql-editing a.ql-preview,
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip.ql-editing a.ql-remove {
+  display: none;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip.ql-editing input[type=text] {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip.ql-editing a.ql-action::after {
+  border-right: 0px;
+  content: 'Save';
+  padding-right: 0px;
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip[data-mode=link]::before {
+  content: "Enter link:";
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip[data-mode=formula]::before {
+  content: "Enter formula:";
+}
+.ql-snow .ql-tooltip[data-mode=video]::before {
+  content: "Enter video:";
+}
+.ql-snow a {
+  color: #06c;
+}
+.ql-container.ql-snow {
+  border: 1px solid #ccc;
+}

internal/web/static_embed.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package web
+
+// 静态资源内嵌进二进制：install.sh 只部署二进制 + templates，
+// 此前 internal/web/static/ 未被复制导致线上 /static 全部 404。
+// go:embed 使前端资源自包含，不再依赖部署目录与工作目录。
+
+import "embed"
+
+// staticFS 包含 internal/web/static/ 下的全部静态资源
+// （目前为本地化的 Quill 编辑器 css/js）。
+//
+//go:embed all:static
+var staticFS embed.FS

internal/web/static_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package web
+
+// 回归测试：写邮件页的 Quill 编辑器必须由本服务同源提供静态资源
+// （CSP script-src/style-src 'self' 会拦截外部 CDN），否则正文无法输入。
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestQuillAssetsServedLocally(t *testing.T) {
+	ws, _ := newTestWebServer(t, "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef")
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(ws.Handler())
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	for _, path := range []string{
+		"/static/vendor/quill/quill.min.js",
+		"/static/vendor/quill/quill.snow.css",
+	} {
+		resp, err := http.Get(srv.URL + path)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("GET %s: %v", path, err)
+		}
+		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("GET %s status = %d, want 200", path, resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+		if len(body) < 1000 {
+			t.Fatalf("GET %s body too small (%d bytes), vendor file missing?", path, len(body))
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(path, "/static/vendor/quill/quill.min.js") &&
+			!strings.Contains(string(body), "Quill") {
+			t.Fatalf("%s 不是 Quill 脚本", path)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/web/templates/admin/bans.html

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
                                 </td>
                                 <td>{{.FailCount}}</td>
                                 <td>{{if .Reason}}{{.Reason}}{{else}}—{{end}}</td>
-                                <td>{{.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}{{if not .Active}}（已过期）{{end}}</td>
+                                <td>{{time12 .ExpiresAt}}{{if not .Active}}（已过期）{{end}}</td>
                                 <td>
                                     <form method="POST" action="/admin/bans/{{.ID}}/unban" style="display:inline;"
                                           onsubmit="return confirm('确定要解封 IP {{.IPAddress}} 吗？解封后该 IP 的封禁档位将清零。');">

internal/web/templates/admin/connections.html

@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@
                                 <td>{{.Port}}</td>
                                 <td>{{if .User}}{{.User}}{{else}}—{{end}}</td>
                                 <td>{{if .TLS}}<span class="badge" style="background:#27ae60;color:#fff;">TLS</span>{{else}}<span class="badge" style="background:#95a5a6;color:#fff;">明文</span>{{end}}</td>
-                                <td>{{.Connected.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</td>
+                                <td>{{time12 .Connected}}</td>
                                 <td>{{durationSeconds ($.now.Sub .Connected)}}s</td>
-                                <td>{{.LastActive.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</td>
+                                <td>{{time12 .LastActive}}</td>
                                 <td>
                                     <form method="POST" action="/admin/connections/{{.ID}}/disconnect" style="display:inline;"
                                           onsubmit="return confirm('确定要断开 IP {{.IP}} 的所有连接并加入黑名单（180 天）吗？');">

internal/web/templates/admin/mail_view.html

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
                         {{if .message.CcAddr}}<p><strong>抄送:</strong> {{.message.CcAddr}}</p>{{end}}
                         <p><strong>所属用户:</strong> {{if .message.User.ID}}{{.message.User.Username}}{{else}}—{{end}}</p>
                         <p><strong>文件夹:</strong> {{.message.Folder}}</p>
-                        <p><strong>时间:</strong> {{.message.Date.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</p>
+                        <p><strong>时间:</strong> {{time12 .message.Date}}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div class="mail-body">
                         {{if .message.HtmlBody}}

internal/web/templates/admin/mails.html

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
                                 <td>{{.Subject}}</td>
                                 <td>{{if .User.ID}}{{.User.Username}}{{else}}—{{end}}</td>
                                 <td>{{.Folder}}</td>
-                                <td>{{.Date.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</td>
+                                <td>{{time12m .Date}}</td>
                             </tr>
                         {{end}}
                         </tbody>

internal/web/templates/admin/outbound.html

@@ -82,9 +82,9 @@
                                     {{else}}<span class="badge" style="background:#95a5a6;color:#fff;">{{call $.statusText .Status}}</span>{{end}}
                                 </td>
                                 <td>{{.Attempts}}</td>
-                                <td>{{if or (eq .Status "pending") (eq .Status "deferred")}}{{.NextAttemptAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}{{else}}—{{end}}</td>
+                                <td>{{if or (eq .Status "pending") (eq .Status "deferred")}}{{time12m .NextAttemptAt}}{{else}}—{{end}}</td>
                                 <td style="max-width:280px;word-break:break-all;">{{if .LastResponse}}{{.LastResponse}}{{else}}{{.LastError}}{{end}}</td>
-                                <td>{{.CreatedAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</td>
+                                <td>{{time12m .CreatedAt}}</td>
                                 <td>
                                     {{if or (eq .Status "failed") (eq .Status "deferred") (eq .Status "canceled") (eq .Status "pending")}}
                                     <form method="POST" action="/admin/outbound/{{.ID}}/retry" style="display:inline;">

internal/web/templates/admin/protocol_logs.html

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
                         <tbody>
                             {{range .logs}}
                             <tr>
-                                <td style="white-space:nowrap;">{{.CreatedAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</td>
+                                <td style="white-space:nowrap;">{{time12 .CreatedAt}}</td>
                                 <td>
                                     {{if eq .Protocol "smtp"}}<span class="badge" style="background:#3498db;color:#fff;">SMTP</span>
                                     {{else if eq .Protocol "imap"}}<span class="badge" style="background:#9b59b6;color:#fff;">IMAP</span>

internal/web/templates/banned.html

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
             </div>
             <div class="detail-row">
                 <span class="detail-label">解封时间</span>
-                <span class="detail-value">{{.entry.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</span>
+                <span class="detail-value">{{time12 .entry.ExpiresAt}}</span>
             </div>
         </div>
         {{end}}

internal/web/templates/base.html

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
         font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--text-3);
     }
     .cell-date {
-        width: 78px; flex-shrink: 0; text-align: right;
+        flex: 0 0 auto; white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;
         font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--text-3);
     }
     .mail-row.unread .cell-date { color: var(--text-2); }
@@ -353,11 +353,12 @@
         .folder {
             flex: 1; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 2px;
             height: 46px; padding: 0; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 10.5px;
-            position: relative;
+            position: relative; order: 7; /* 自定义文件夹排在最后 */
         }
         .folder-nav .folder:nth-child(1) { order: 1; }
         .folder-nav .folder:nth-child(2) { order: 2; }
         .folder-nav .folder:nth-child(3) { order: 4; }
+        .folder-nav .folder:nth-child(4) { order: 6; }
         .folder svg { width: 19px; height: 19px; }
         .folder.active::before { display: none; }
         .folder .badge {
@@ -376,7 +377,7 @@
         .compose-btn svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }
         .sidebar-footer {
             margin: 0; border: none; padding: 0;
-            flex-direction: row; gap: 2px; order: 5;
+            flex-direction: row; gap: 2px; order: 8;
         }
         .mail-main { padding-bottom: calc(58px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom)); }
 
@@ -387,11 +388,11 @@
         .page-info { font-size: 12px; }
         .mail-row { padding: 0 10px; height: 60px; gap: 8px; }
         .avatar { width: 32px; height: 32px; font-size: 13px; }
-        .cell-from { width: 88px; font-size: 13px; }
+        .cell-from { width: 76px; font-size: 13px; }
         .cell-subject-wrap { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
         .cell-subject { font-size: 13px; }
         .cell-snippet { display: none; }
-        .cell-date { width: 56px; font-size: 11.5px; }
+        .cell-date { width: auto; font-size: 10.5px; }
         .row-del { opacity: 1; }
         .list-footer { padding: 8px 10px; }
         .pager { margin-left: auto; gap: 4px; }
@@ -463,21 +464,25 @@
         写信
     </a>
     <nav class="folder-nav">
-        <a class="folder {{if eq .activeFolder `inbox`}}active{{end}}" href="/inbox">
+        {{range .folders}}
-            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="22 12 16 12 14 15 10 15 8 12 2 12"/><path d="M5.45 5.11L2 12v6a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h16a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-6l-3.45-6.89A2 2 0 0 0 16.76 4H7.24a2 2 0 0 0-1.79 1.11z"/></svg>
+        <a class="folder {{if eq $.activeFolder .Name}}active{{end}}" href="/folder/{{urlPath .Name}}">
-            收件箱
+            {{if eq .SpecialUse "Sent"}}
-            {{if .inboxUnread}}<span class="badge">{{.inboxUnread}}</span>{{end}}
-        </a>
-        <a class="folder {{if eq .activeFolder `drafts`}}active{{end}}" href="/drafts">
-            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"/><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"/><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"/><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"/></svg>
-            草稿箱
-            {{if .draftsTotal}}<span class="count">{{.draftsTotal}}</span>{{end}}
-        </a>
-        <a class="folder {{if eq .activeFolder `sent`}}active{{end}}" href="/sent">
             <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><line x1="22" y1="2" x2="11" y2="13"/><polygon points="22 2 15 22 11 13 2 9 22 2"/></svg>
-            已发送
+            {{else if eq .SpecialUse "Drafts"}}
-            {{if .sentTotal}}<span class="count">{{.sentTotal}}</span>{{end}}
+            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"/><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"/><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"/><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"/></svg>
+            {{else if eq .SpecialUse "Trash"}}
+            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
+            {{else if eq .Name "INBOX"}}
+            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="22 12 16 12 14 15 10 15 8 12 2 12"/><path d="M5.45 5.11L2 12v6a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h16a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-6l-3.45-6.89A2 2 0 0 0 16.76 4H7.24a2 2 0 0 0-1.79 1.11z"/></svg>
+            {{else}}
+            <svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M22 19a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h5l2 3h9a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"/></svg>
+            {{end}}
+            {{folderLabel .Name}}
+            {{if eq .Name "INBOX"}}
+            {{if .Unseen}}<span class="badge">{{.Unseen}}</span>{{end}}
+            {{else if .Total}}<span class="count">{{.Total}}</span>{{end}}
         </a>
+        {{end}}
     </nav>
     <div class="sidebar-footer">
         {{if .currentUser.IsAdmin}}

internal/web/templates/compose.html

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, viewport-fit=cover">
     <title>写信 - MailGo</title>
-    <link href="https://cdn.quilljs.com/1.3.7/quill.snow.css" rel="stylesheet">
+    <link href="/static/vendor/quill/quill.snow.css" rel="stylesheet">
     {{template "styles" .}}
 </head>
 <body class="page-compose">
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
             </form>
         </main>
     </div>
-    <script src="https://cdn.quilljs.com/1.3.7/quill.min.js"></script>
+    <script src="/static/vendor/quill/quill.min.js"></script>
     <script>
     var quill = new Quill('#editor', {
         theme: 'snow',

internal/web/templates/folder.html

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-{{define "drafts"}}
+{{define "folder"}}
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="zh-CN">
 <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, viewport-fit=cover">
-    <title>草稿箱 - MailGo</title>
+    <title>{{folderLabel .folder}} - MailGo</title>
     {{template "styles" .}}
 </head>
 <body class="page-list">
@@ -23,29 +23,46 @@
                 </button>
                 <button type="button" class="tb-btn danger" id="btn-delete" disabled>
                     <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
-                    删除
+                    {{if .isTrash}}彻底删除{{else}}删除{{end}}
                 </button>
+                {{if .isTrash}}
+                <form method="POST" action="/folder/Trash/empty" style="display:inline;"
+                      onsubmit="return confirm('确定要清空「已删除」文件夹吗？此操作不可恢复。');">
+                    <button type="submit" class="tb-btn danger">清空文件夹</button>
+                </form>
+                {{end}}
                 <div class="toolbar-spacer"></div>
                 <span class="page-info">共 {{.total}} 封</span>
             </div>
 
             {{if not .messages}}
             <div class="mail-list">
-                <div class="empty-tip"><span class="empty-icon">📝</span>草稿箱暂无邮件</div>
+                <div class="empty-tip"><span class="empty-icon">{{if .isTrash}}🗑{{else}}📭{{end}}</span>{{folderLabel .folder}}暂无邮件</div>
             </div>
             {{else}}
             <ul class="mail-list">
                 {{range .messages}}
-                <li class="mail-row" data-id="{{.ID}}">
+                <li class="mail-row {{if not .IsRead}}unread{{end}}" data-id="{{.ID}}">
                     <label class="cell-check" onclick="event.stopPropagation()">
                         <input type="checkbox" class="row-check" data-id="{{.ID}}">
                     </label>
                     <span class="cell-avatar">
+                        {{if or (eq $.folder "Sent") (eq $.folder "Drafts")}}
                         <span class="avatar" style="{{avatarStyle .ToAddr}}">{{initial (mailName .ToAddr)}}</span>
+                        {{else}}
+                        <span class="avatar" style="{{avatarStyle .FromAddr}}">{{initial (mailName (decodeHeader .FromAddr))}}</span>
+                        {{end}}
+                    </span>
+                    <span class="cell-from" {{if or (eq $.folder "Sent") (eq $.folder "Drafts")}}title="收件人：{{.ToAddr}}"{{else}}title="{{decodeHeader .FromAddr}}"{{end}}>
+                        {{if or (eq $.folder "Sent") (eq $.folder "Drafts")}}
+                        {{if eq $.folder "Drafts"}}致：{{end}}{{mailName .ToAddr}}
+                        {{else}}
+                        {{mailName (decodeHeader .FromAddr)}}
+                        {{end}}
                     </span>
-                    <span class="cell-from" title="收件人：{{.ToAddr}}">致：{{mailName .ToAddr}}</span>
                     <span class="cell-subject-wrap">
-                        <a class="cell-subject" href="/drafts/{{.ID}}">
+                        {{if not .IsRead}}<span class="unread-dot"></span>{{end}}
+                        <a class="cell-subject" href="/folder/{{urlPath $.folder}}/{{.ID}}">
                             {{if .Subject}}{{.Subject}}{{else}}(无主题){{end}}
                         </a>
                     </span>
@@ -53,12 +70,21 @@
                         {{if .TextBody}}{{truncate .TextBody 80}}{{else if .HtmlBody}}[HTML 邮件]{{end}}
                     </span>
                     <span class="cell-date">{{shortDate .Date}}</span>
+                    {{if $.isTrash}}
+                    <form method="POST" action="/mail/restore/{{.ID}}" class="row-del"
+                          onsubmit="event.stopPropagation(); return confirm('确定要恢复这封邮件吗？');">
+                        <button type="submit" class="icon-btn" title="恢复到收件箱">
+                            <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="1 4 1 10 7 10"/><path d="M3.51 15a9 9 0 1 0 2.13-9.36L1 10"/></svg>
+                        </button>
+                    </form>
+                    {{else}}
                     <form method="POST" action="/mail/delete/{{.ID}}" class="row-del"
-                          onsubmit="return confirm('确定要删除这封草稿吗？');">
+                          onsubmit="event.stopPropagation(); return confirm('确定要删除这封邮件吗？');">
                         <button type="submit" class="icon-btn" title="删除">
                             <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
                         </button>
                     </form>
+                    {{end}}
                 </li>
                 {{end}}
             </ul>
@@ -68,7 +94,7 @@
                 <span class="page-num">第 {{.page}} / {{if .totalPages}}{{.totalPages}}{{else}}1{{end}} 页</span>
                 <div class="pager">
                     {{if gt .page 1}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/drafts?page={{sub .page 1}}">
+                    <a class="page-btn" href="/folder/{{urlPath .folder}}?page={{sub .page 1}}">
                         <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="15 18 9 12 15 6"/></svg>
                         上一页
                     </a>
@@ -76,7 +102,7 @@
                     <span class="page-btn disabled">上一页</span>
                     {{end}}
                     {{if lt .page .totalPages}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/drafts?page={{add .page 1}}">
+                    <a class="page-btn" href="/folder/{{urlPath .folder}}?page={{add .page 1}}">
                         下一页
                         <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"/></svg>
                     </a>

internal/web/templates/inbox.html

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{{define "inbox"}}
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="zh-CN">
-<head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, viewport-fit=cover">
-    <title>收件箱 - MailGo</title>
-    {{template "styles" .}}
-</head>
-<body class="page-list">
-    {{template "navbar" .}}
-    <div class="app-body">
-        {{template "sidebar" .}}
-        <main class="mail-main">
-            <div class="list-toolbar">
-                <label class="check-all" title="全选/取消全选">
-                    <input type="checkbox" id="select-all">
-                    全选
-                </label>
-                <button type="button" class="tb-btn" id="btn-refresh" title="刷新">
-                    <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="23 4 23 10 17 10"/><path d="M20.49 15a9 9 0 1 1-2.12-9.36L23 10"/></svg>
-                    刷新
-                </button>
-                <button type="button" class="tb-btn danger" id="btn-delete" disabled>
-                    <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
-                    删除
-                </button>
-                <div class="toolbar-spacer"></div>
-                <span class="page-info">共 {{.total}} 封</span>
-            </div>
-
-            {{if not .messages}}
-            <div class="mail-list">
-                <div class="empty-tip"><span class="empty-icon">📭</span>收件箱暂无邮件</div>
-            </div>
-            {{else}}
-            <ul class="mail-list">
-                {{range .messages}}
-                <li class="mail-row {{if not .IsRead}}unread{{end}}" data-id="{{.ID}}">
-                    <label class="cell-check" onclick="event.stopPropagation()">
-                        <input type="checkbox" class="row-check" data-id="{{.ID}}">
-                    </label>
-                    <span class="cell-avatar">
-                        <span class="avatar" style="{{avatarStyle .FromAddr}}">{{initial (mailName (decodeHeader .FromAddr))}}</span>
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-from" title="{{decodeHeader .FromAddr}}">{{mailName (decodeHeader .FromAddr)}}</span>
-                    <span class="cell-subject-wrap">
-                        {{if not .IsRead}}<span class="unread-dot"></span>{{end}}
-                        <a class="cell-subject" href="/inbox/{{.ID}}">
-                            {{if .Subject}}{{.Subject}}{{else}}(无主题){{end}}
-                        </a>
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-snippet">
-                        {{if .TextBody}}{{truncate .TextBody 80}}{{else if .HtmlBody}}[HTML 邮件]{{end}}
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-date">{{shortDate .Date}}</span>
-                </li>
-                {{end}}
-            </ul>
-            {{end}}
-
-            <div class="list-footer">
-                <span class="page-num">第 {{.page}} / {{if .totalPages}}{{.totalPages}}{{else}}1{{end}} 页</span>
-                <div class="pager">
-                    {{if gt .page 1}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/inbox?page={{sub .page 1}}">
-                        <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="15 18 9 12 15 6"/></svg>
-                        上一页
-                    </a>
-                    {{else}}
-                    <span class="page-btn disabled">上一页</span>
-                    {{end}}
-                    {{if lt .page .totalPages}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/inbox?page={{add .page 1}}">
-                        下一页
-                        <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"/></svg>
-                    </a>
-                    {{else}}
-                    <span class="page-btn disabled">下一页</span>
-                    {{end}}
-                </div>
-            </div>
-        </main>
-    </div>
-    {{template "listjs" .}}
-</body>
-</html>
-{{end}}

internal/web/templates/sent.html

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-{{define "sent"}}
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="zh-CN">
-<head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, viewport-fit=cover">
-    <title>已发送 - MailGo</title>
-    {{template "styles" .}}
-</head>
-<body class="page-list">
-    {{template "navbar" .}}
-    <div class="app-body">
-        {{template "sidebar" .}}
-        <main class="mail-main">
-            <div class="list-toolbar">
-                <label class="check-all" title="全选/取消全选">
-                    <input type="checkbox" id="select-all">
-                    全选
-                </label>
-                <button type="button" class="tb-btn" id="btn-refresh" title="刷新">
-                    <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="23 4 23 10 17 10"/><path d="M20.49 15a9 9 0 1 1-2.12-9.36L23 10"/></svg>
-                    刷新
-                </button>
-                <button type="button" class="tb-btn danger" id="btn-delete" disabled>
-                    <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
-                    删除
-                </button>
-                <div class="toolbar-spacer"></div>
-                <span class="page-info">共 {{.total}} 封</span>
-            </div>
-
-            {{if not .messages}}
-            <div class="mail-list">
-                <div class="empty-tip"><span class="empty-icon">📤</span>已发送暂无邮件</div>
-            </div>
-            {{else}}
-            <ul class="mail-list">
-                {{range .messages}}
-                <li class="mail-row" data-id="{{.ID}}">
-                    <label class="cell-check" onclick="event.stopPropagation()">
-                        <input type="checkbox" class="row-check" data-id="{{.ID}}">
-                    </label>
-                    <span class="cell-avatar">
-                        <span class="avatar" style="{{avatarStyle .ToAddr}}">{{initial (mailName .ToAddr)}}</span>
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-from" title="收件人：{{.ToAddr}}">{{mailName .ToAddr}}</span>
-                    <span class="cell-subject-wrap">
-                        <a class="cell-subject" href="/sent/{{.ID}}">
-                            {{if .Subject}}{{.Subject}}{{else}}(无主题){{end}}
-                        </a>
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-snippet">
-                        {{if .TextBody}}{{truncate .TextBody 80}}{{else if .HtmlBody}}[HTML 邮件]{{end}}
-                    </span>
-                    <span class="cell-date">{{shortDate .Date}}</span>
-                    <form method="POST" action="/mail/delete/{{.ID}}" class="row-del"
-                          onsubmit="return confirm('确定要删除这封邮件吗？');">
-                        <button type="submit" class="icon-btn" title="删除">
-                            <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
-                        </button>
-                    </form>
-                </li>
-                {{end}}
-            </ul>
-            {{end}}
-
-            <div class="list-footer">
-                <span class="page-num">第 {{.page}} / {{if .totalPages}}{{.totalPages}}{{else}}1{{end}} 页</span>
-                <div class="pager">
-                    {{if gt .page 1}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/sent?page={{sub .page 1}}">
-                        <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="15 18 9 12 15 6"/></svg>
-                        上一页
-                    </a>
-                    {{else}}
-                    <span class="page-btn disabled">上一页</span>
-                    {{end}}
-                    {{if lt .page .totalPages}}
-                    <a class="page-btn" href="/sent?page={{add .page 1}}">
-                        下一页
-                        <svg width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"/></svg>
-                    </a>
-                    {{else}}
-                    <span class="page-btn disabled">下一页</span>
-                    {{end}}
-                </div>
-            </div>
-        </main>
-    </div>
-    {{template "listjs" .}}
-</body>
-</html>
-{{end}}

internal/web/templates/view.html

@@ -21,6 +21,21 @@
                     <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="9 17 4 12 9 7"/><path d="M20 18v-2a4 4 0 0 0-4-4H4"/></svg>
                     回复
                 </a>
+                {{if .inTrash}}
+                <form method="POST" action="/mail/restore/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;">
+                    <button type="submit" class="tb-btn">
+                        <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="1 4 1 10 7 10"/><path d="M3.51 15a9 9 0 1 0 2.13-9.36L1 10"/></svg>
+                        恢复
+                    </button>
+                </form>
+                <form method="POST" action="/mail/purge/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;"
+                      onsubmit="return confirm('确定要彻底删除这封邮件吗？此操作不可恢复。');">
+                    <button type="submit" class="tb-btn danger">
+                        <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
+                        彻底删除
+                    </button>
+                </form>
+                {{else}}
                 <form method="POST" action="/mail/delete/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;"
                       onsubmit="return confirm('确定要删除这封邮件吗？');">
                     <button type="submit" class="tb-btn danger">
@@ -28,6 +43,7 @@
                         删除
                     </button>
                 </form>
+                {{end}}
             </div>
 
             <div class="mail-head">
@@ -38,7 +54,7 @@
                         <div class="mail-from-name">{{mailName (decodeHeader .message.FromAddr)}}</div>
                         <div class="mail-from-addr" title="{{decodeHeader .message.FromAddr}}">{{mailEmail .message.FromAddr}}</div>
                     </div>
-                    <span class="mail-date">{{.message.Date.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}</span>
+                    <span class="mail-date">{{time12 .message.Date}}</span>
                 </div>
                 {{if .message.CcAddr}}
                 <div class="mail-from-addr" style="margin:-8px 0 16px 48px;">
@@ -74,6 +90,21 @@
                     <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" style="vertical-align:-2px;margin-right:4px;"><polyline points="9 17 4 12 9 7"/><path d="M20 18v-2a4 4 0 0 0-4-4H4"/></svg>
                     回复
                 </a>
+                {{if .inTrash}}
+                <form method="POST" action="/mail/restore/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;">
+                    <button type="submit" class="btn">
+                        <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" style="vertical-align:-2px;margin-right:4px;"><polyline points="1 4 1 10 7 10"/><path d="M3.51 15a9 9 0 1 0 2.13-9.36L1 10"/></svg>
+                        恢复到收件箱
+                    </button>
+                </form>
+                <form method="POST" action="/mail/purge/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;"
+                      onsubmit="return confirm('确定要彻底删除这封邮件吗？此操作不可恢复。');">
+                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">
+                        <svg width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" style="vertical-align:-2px;margin-right:4px;"><polyline points="3 6 5 6 21 6"/><path d="M19 6v14a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6m3 0V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2"/></svg>
+                        彻底删除
+                    </button>
+                </form>
+                {{else}}
                 <form method="POST" action="/mail/delete/{{.message.ID}}" style="display:inline;"
                       onsubmit="return confirm('确定要删除这封邮件吗？');">
                     <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">
@@ -81,6 +112,7 @@
                         删除邮件
                     </button>
                 </form>
+                {{end}}
             </div>
         </main>
     </div>

internal/web/timefmt_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package web
+
+// 12 小时制时间格式化（上午/下午）回归测试：
+// time12 / time12m / shortDate 需先按 Web 时区转换，再输出中文习惯的
+// 12 小时制（「2026-08-20 下午 2:35:05」），后台页面此前直接 Format
+// 输出库内 UTC 时间（比北京时间慢 8 小时）。
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// setWebTZForTest 临时把展示时区固定为 UTC+8，测试结束恢复。
+func setWebTZForTest(t *testing.T, loc *time.Location) {
+	t.Helper()
+	old := webTZ
+	webTZ = loc
+	t.Cleanup(func() { webTZ = old })
+}
+
+func TestTime12Format(t *testing.T) {
+	setWebTZForTest(t, time.FixedZone("UTC+8", 8*3600))
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   time.Time
+		want string
+	}{
+		{"上午", time.Date(2026, 8, 20, 1, 5, 7, 0, time.UTC), "2026-08-20 上午 9:05:07"},
+		{"正午", time.Date(2026, 8, 20, 4, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC), "2026-08-20 下午 12:00:00"},
+		{"下午", time.Date(2026, 8, 20, 10, 30, 45, 0, time.UTC), "2026-08-20 下午 6:30:45"},
+		{"凌晨", time.Date(2026, 8, 20, 16, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC), "2026-08-21 上午 12:00:00"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		if got := time12(tc.in); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("time12(%s) = %q, want %q", tc.name, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTime12mNoSeconds(t *testing.T) {
+	setWebTZForTest(t, time.FixedZone("UTC+8", 8*3600))
+	in := time.Date(2026, 8, 20, 10, 30, 45, 0, time.UTC)
+	if got, want := time12m(in), "2026-08-20 下午 6:30"; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("time12m = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShortDate12Hour(t *testing.T) {
+	setWebTZForTest(t, time.FixedZone("UTC+8", 8*3600))
+	now := time.Now().In(webTZ)
+
+	// 今天 → 「下午 2:35」（无日期）
+	today := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), 14, 35, 0, 0, webTZ).UTC()
+	if got, want := shortDate(today), "下午 2:35"; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("shortDate(today) = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+
+	// 今年非今天 → 「06-15 上午 9:05」（避开今天，防止午夜跨日抖动）
+	day := time.Date(now.Year(), 6, 15, 9, 5, 0, 0, webTZ)
+	if day.YearDay() == now.YearDay() {
+		day = day.AddDate(0, 0, 1)
+	}
+	if got, want := shortDate(day.UTC()), day.Format("01-02")+" 上午 9:05"; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("shortDate(thisYear) = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+
+	// 往年 → 「YYYY-MM-DD 上午 9:05」
+	older := time.Date(now.Year()-1, 12, 1, 9, 5, 0, 0, webTZ).UTC()
+	if got, want := shortDate(older), fmt.Sprintf("%d-12-01 上午 9:05", now.Year()-1); got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("shortDate(older) = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+}

security_todo.md

@@ -185,7 +185,43 @@
 2. ~~#2、#3、#4（P1）~~ 已完成 2026-08-19
 3. ~~#5-#11（P2）~~ 已完成 2026-08-19
 4. ~~#12-#16（P3）~~ 已完成 2026-08-19
+5. ~~#17（P4）、#18（P5，方案 A）~~ 已完成 2026-08-20
 
-**全部安全审计项已修复完成。** 剩余建议（非代码项）：
+## P4 低危：第二轮审计发现（2026-08-20，8ea4a62..37b4816）
-- 部署侧：Caddy 加固（可选，应用层已加安全头）、8080 端口保持仅本机可达、GitHub 仓库中 3 个 50MB+ 的 exe 文件建议改用 LFS 或删除
+
-- 线上验证：部署新版后检查登录/收件箱/管理页、协议认证封禁、邮件远程图片加载（CSP 影响）
+### 17. 手动封禁 Create 非 upsert，与阶段性封禁体系数据错位
+
+- [x] 位置：`internal/web/handlers/admin.go`（`DisconnectConnection`）、`internal/store/ban_store.go`、`internal/db/models.go`、`internal/db/db.go`
+- 现状：`f2493da` 阶段性封禁已改为"每 IP 一条记录 upsert"（`RecordAuthFailure` 内部 GetByIP + Update），但管理员"断开并封禁"仍直接 `Create`。`ip_address` 无唯一索引，当目标 IP 已有失败计数记录时会插入**第二条**记录，造成：
+  - `IncrementFail` 用 `First`（默认主键升序）更新**旧行**，`GetByIP` 用 `Order("id DESC")` 返回**新行** -> 自动封禁的档位判定（BanCount）与失败计数（FailCount）读写错行；
+  - `UnbanIP` 按 ID 删除一行后另一行仍在，可能出现"解封后仍被旧记录挡住/计数异常"。
+- 修复方案：
+  - [x] BanStore 新增 `BanIP(ip, reason, duration)`：事务内删除该 IP 全部既有记录（兼容历史脏数据）后插入单条封禁记录，计数清零（与"管理员解封清零"语义一致）；`DisconnectConnection` 改用该方法。
+  - [x] `BanEntry.IPAddress` 升级为 `uniqueIndex`；`InitDB` 在 AutoMigrate 前调用 `dedupeBanEntries` 清理历史重复行（保留每 IP 最大 id，SQLite/MySQL 兼容的派生表写法），表不存在时静默。
+  - [x] `IncrementFail` 原子化：SQL 侧 `fail_count + 1`，miss 时 `OnConflict DoNothing` 插入兜底并发竞态，回读计数。
+- 验证：
+  - [x] 单测：已有观察记录的 IP 手动封禁后仅一条、计数清零、封禁生效（`TestBanIPUpsertSingleRow`）。
+  - [x] 单测：同 IP 第二条记录被唯一约束拒绝（`TestBanEntryUniqueIndex`）。
+  - [x] 并发单测（`-race`）：16 协程并发 IncrementFail 计数精确无重复行（`TestIncrementFailConcurrent`）。
+  - [x] db 包单测：旧表重复行清理保留最大 id、表不存在静默（`dedupe_test.go`）。
+
+## P5 备注：产品权衡项（需决策后实施）
+
+### 18. 阶段性封禁"前 3 次触发不封禁"降低爆破门槛
+
+- [x] 位置：`internal/store/auth_guard.go`（`RecordAuthFailure`）、`internal/store/user_store.go`（`LoginExists`）、Web/LDAP/SMTP/IMAP/POP3 五处调用点
+- 现状：为防误封手机客户端（配置向导探测、裸用户名重试等），达到失败阈值记为一次触发，前 3 次**只计数不封禁**。副作用：攻击者每次触发前可"免费"尝试 `max_fail_attempts`（默认 5）次，即约 **15 次失败尝试零封禁**；第 4 次起才进入 30min -> 3h -> 3 个月 -> 半年的递增档位。长期防护足够，但自动化爆破的起步门槛降低。
+- 已实施（方案 A，2026-08-20）：
+  - [x] `RecordAuthFailure` 新增 `knownUser bool` 参数：用户名存在（真实用户输错）保留前 3 次宽限；用户名不存在（枚举型爆破）跳过宽限、首次触发即按第 1 档封禁，封禁原因注明"未知用户名，跳过宽限"。
+  - [x] 新增 `UserStore.LoginExists(login)`（完整邮箱或裸用户名），五个失败调用点按场景传入：Web 登录查邮箱存在性；SMTP/IMAP/POP3 用登录名查；LDAP 侧存在性无法判定，保守按已知用户处理（防误封）。
+- 验证：
+  - [x] A：未知用户名第 1 次触发即封（30 分钟，reason 含"未知用户名"）（`TestRecordAuthFailureUnknownUserSkipsGrace`）。
+  - [x] 已知用户名前 3 次触发不封、第 4 次封第 1 档（回归）（`TestRecordAuthFailureKnownUserKeepsGrace`）。
+  - [x] `LoginExists` 邮箱/裸用户名/不存在/空输入矩阵（`TestLoginExists`）。
+- 决策记录：**方案 A**（按失败性质区分宽限：真实用户防误封，枚举爆破即时封禁）——在不改变正常用户体验的前提下，让针对不存在账号的字典爆破首次达到阈值即被封，兼顾误封防护与爆破门槛。
+
+## 部署侧建议（非代码项）
+
+- Caddy 加固（可选，应用层已加安全头）、8080 端口保持仅本机可达。
+- GitHub 仓库中 3 个 50MB+ 的 exe 文件（mailgo.exe / mail_go.exe / mailgo_qa.exe）建议改用 Git LFS 或从历史中删除。
+- 线上验证：部署新版后检查登录/收件箱/管理页、协议认证封禁、邮件远程图片加载（CSP 影响）。