/**
 * Schema + load-time helpers for the SQLite session-persistence backend: the
 * DDL (a store-identity row, `sessions` metadata, and a 1:1 `events` row per
 * `SessionEvent`), the database open/configure step, and the last-`turn/end`
 * cut that gives the SQLite backend the SAME crash-tail-on-load semantics as
 * the JSONL backend.
 *
 * @module dsh-session-persistence-sqlite/schema
 */

import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto'
import { DatabaseSync } from 'node:sqlite'
import type { SessionEvent, SessionId, SessionHeader, SurfaceOp } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'

/**
 * The on-disk schema version. Bumped only on a breaking change to the table
 * layout; orthogonal to a session's own `version` (which versions the EVENT
 * vocabulary, stored per session in the `sessions` row).
 */
export const SCHEMA_VERSION = 14

/** SQLite application id protecting unrelated databases from persistence writes. */
export const SESSION_PERSISTENCE_SQLITE_APPLICATION_ID = 0x44534850

/**
 * A row of the `sessions` table — the out-of-log metadata ({@link SessionHeader}).
 * The row's EXISTENCE is the materialization signal: it is written only by the
 * first `append` (lazy materialization), so a created-but-never-appended
 * session has no row and is absent from `list`, mirroring the JSONL
 * backend's "no file until first append".
 */
export interface SessionRow {
  id: string
  version: number
  created_at: number
  cwd: string | null
  parent_session: string | null
  seed_length: number | null
  origin: 'subagent' | null
  /** Stable identity assigned when this log is materialized. */
  incarnation: string
  /** Monotonic log-change token incremented in each mutating transaction. */
  revision: number
  delegation_depth: number | null
  agent_preset: string | null
}

/** An `events` table row: one `SessionEvent` mapped 1:1 (`data` is JSON text). */
export interface EventRow {
  seq: number
  type: string
  time: number
  data: string
  /** JSON-encoded `number[]` — the event's sourceEventSeqs, or null. */
  source_event_seqs: string | null
  /** JSON-encoded `SurfaceOp` — how the event entered the surface, or null. */
  surface_op: string | null
}

/**
 * Journal modes the backend will run under. `wal` is the default and the
 * durability model the persistence ADR records; the rollback-journal modes
 * (`delete`/`truncate`/`persist`) exist for filesystems where WAL's
 * shared-memory files do not work (network mounts). `memory`/`off` are
 * excluded: dropping journal durability silently contradicts what this
 * backend promises.
 */
export type JournalMode = 'wal' | 'delete' | 'truncate' | 'persist'

/**
 * Open the database and apply its schema and pragmas. An empty database with a
 * zero `user_version` is initialized at {@link SCHEMA_VERSION}; a nonempty
 * unversioned database and every other non-current version reject rather than
 * being migrated in place.
 * @param path - the SQLite database file to open (created when absent).
 * @param journalMode - validated journal pragma.
 * @returns the open handle with pragmas applied and all three tables ensured.
 */
export function openDatabase(path: string, journalMode: JournalMode): DatabaseSync {
  const db = new DatabaseSync(path)
  try {
    configureDatabase(db, path, journalMode)
    return db
  } catch (error: unknown) {
    db.close()
    throw error
  }
}

function configureDatabase(db: DatabaseSync, path: string, journalMode: JournalMode): void {
  db.exec('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON')
  let began = false
  try {
    db.exec('BEGIN IMMEDIATE')
    began = true
    // Validate while holding the write lock so no other connection can change
    // schema ownership between inspection and initialization.
    const { user_version: onDisk } = db.prepare('PRAGMA user_version').get() as { user_version: number }
    const { application_id: applicationId } = db.prepare('PRAGMA application_id').get() as { application_id: number }
    const { count: userObjectCount } = db.prepare(
      "SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name NOT GLOB 'sqlite_*'",
    ).get() as { count: number }
    if (onDisk === 0 && (applicationId !== 0 || userObjectCount > 0)) {
      throw new Error(`session database at "${path}" has an unversioned schema or application identity`)
    }
    if (onDisk !== 0 && onDisk !== SCHEMA_VERSION) {
      throw new Error(`session database at "${path}" has schema version ${onDisk}, incompatible with this build (${SCHEMA_VERSION})`)
    }
    if (onDisk === SCHEMA_VERSION && applicationId !== SESSION_PERSISTENCE_SQLITE_APPLICATION_ID) {
      throw new Error(
        `session database at "${path}" has application id ${applicationId}, expected ${SESSION_PERSISTENCE_SQLITE_APPLICATION_ID}`,
      )
    }
    db.exec(`
      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS persistence_state (
        singleton INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (singleton = 1),
        store_id  TEXT NOT NULL
      ) STRICT;

      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sessions (
        id               TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
        version          INTEGER NOT NULL,
        created_at       INTEGER NOT NULL,
        cwd              TEXT,
        parent_session   TEXT,
        seed_length      INTEGER,
        origin           TEXT,
        delegation_depth INTEGER,
        agent_preset    TEXT,
        incarnation      TEXT NOT NULL,
        revision         INTEGER NOT NULL
      ) STRICT;

      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS events (
        session_id        TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES sessions(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
        seq               INTEGER NOT NULL,
        type              TEXT NOT NULL,
        time              INTEGER NOT NULL,
        data              TEXT NOT NULL,
        source_event_seqs TEXT,
        surface_op        TEXT,
        PRIMARY KEY (session_id, seq)
      ) STRICT
    `)
    db.prepare(
      'INSERT OR IGNORE INTO persistence_state (singleton, store_id) VALUES (1, ?)',
    ).run(randomUUID())
    if (onDisk === 0) {
      db.exec(`PRAGMA application_id = ${SESSION_PERSISTENCE_SQLITE_APPLICATION_ID}`)
      db.exec(`PRAGMA user_version = ${SCHEMA_VERSION}`)
    }
    db.exec('COMMIT')
    began = false
  } catch (error: unknown) {
    /* v8 ignore next -- a BEGIN failure leaves no transaction to roll back. */
    if (began) {
      /* v8 ignore next 5 -- preserve the original schema failure if SQLite also refuses rollback. */
      try {
        db.exec('ROLLBACK')
      } catch {
        // The original SQLite failure remains the actionable cause.
      }
    }
    throw error
  }
  // The validated union is safe to interpolate into a non-bindable PRAGMA.
  // Apply it only after ownership validation and initialization commit.
  db.exec(`PRAGMA journal_mode = ${journalMode.toUpperCase()}`)
}

/**
 * Reconstruct the {@link SessionHeader} from a `sessions` row.
 * @param row - the `sessions` table row.
 * @returns the header, `NULL` columns mapped to omitted optional fields.
 */
export function rowToMeta(row: SessionRow): SessionHeader {
  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(row.created_at) || row.created_at < 0) {
    throw new Error('stored session createdAt must be a non-negative safe integer')
  }
  return {
    version: row.version,
    id: row.id as SessionId,
    createdAt: row.created_at,
    ...row.cwd !== null ? { cwd: row.cwd } : {},
    ...row.parent_session !== null ? { parentSession: row.parent_session as SessionId } : {},
    ...row.seed_length !== null ? { seedLength: row.seed_length } : {},
    ...row.origin !== null ? { origin: row.origin } : {},
    ...row.delegation_depth !== null ? { delegationDepth: row.delegation_depth } : {},
    ...row.agent_preset !== null ? { agentPreset: row.agent_preset } : {},
  }
}

/**
 * Reconstruct a {@link SessionEvent} from an `events` row (parses `data`).
 * @param row - the `events` table row; `data` and the surface columns hold JSON text.
 * @returns the reconstructed event; throws when a JSON column fails to parse
 *   ({@link scanRows} treats that as a hole, not corruption, in the tail).
 */
export function rowToEvent(row: EventRow): SessionEvent {
  // Surface-metadata fields are conditional on the event type in the type
  // system; spread them so each variant gets only the fields it declares.
  const surfaceFields = {
    ...row.source_event_seqs !== null ? { sourceEventSeqs: JSON.parse(row.source_event_seqs) as number[] } : {},
    ...row.surface_op !== null ? { surfaceOp: JSON.parse(row.surface_op) as SurfaceOp } : {},
  }
  return {
    type: row.type as SessionEvent['type'],
    seq: row.seq,
    time: row.time,
    data: JSON.parse(row.data) as SessionEvent['data'],
    ...surfaceFields,
  } as SessionEvent
}

/**
 * Find the preserved prefix of ordered event rows. Fully written rows in an
 * interrupted final turn remain in the prefix. The first unparsable row or seq
 * gap after the last `turn/end` marks a tolerated torn tail; the same hole in
 * the committed region rejects.
 *
 * @param rows - one session's event rows, ordered by seq ascending.
 * @param base - the seq the first row is expected to carry; `0` for a whole
 *   log, the requested `fromSeq` for a suffix read (`loadStoredFrom`).
 * @returns the preserved event prefix, plus `tornFrom` — the seq the physical
 *   delete starts at — when a torn tail exists.
 */
export function scanRows(rows: readonly EventRow[], base = 0): { preserved: SessionEvent[]; tornFrom?: number } {
  // Pass 1: parse each row's data; a row whose data is not valid JSON is a hole.
  // (The seq/type COLUMNS are always present even when `data` is corrupt.)
  interface Parsed { ok: boolean; event?: SessionEvent }
  const parsed: Parsed[] = rows.map((row) => {
    try {
      return { ok: true, event: rowToEvent(row) }
    } catch {
      return { ok: false }
    }
  })

  // The last index that is a valid `turn/end` — holes through a closed turn
  // are always committed corruption.
  let lastTurnEnd = -1
  for (let i = parsed.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (parsed[i]?.ok && rows[i]?.type === 'turn/end') { lastTurnEnd = i; break }
  }

  // Preserve the contiguous prefix, including a complete interrupted turn;
  // holes through the last committed boundary throw, while later holes stop.
  const preserved: SessionEvent[] = []
  for (let i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
    const p = parsed[i]
    if (!p?.ok || p.event === undefined) {
      if (i <= lastTurnEnd) throw new Error(`corrupt session log: unparsable committed event at seq ${rows[i]?.seq}`)
      break // torn tail fragment after the last turn/end — stop, tolerate
    }
    if (p.event.seq !== base + i) {
      if (i <= lastTurnEnd) throw new Error(`corrupt session log: seq gap in committed region (expected ${base + i}, got ${p.event.seq})`)
      break // gap after the last turn/end — torn tail, stop
    }
    preserved.push(p.event)
  }

  // Any rows past the preserved prefix are a never-committed torn tail; their
  // first seq is the deletion point for load's physical repair.
  return preserved.length < rows.length ? { preserved, tornFrom: base + preserved.length } : { preserved }
}