fix: use git fetch <branch> + checkout -B FETCH_HEAD for reliable branch switching

Usage: sudo DEPLOY_BRANCH=debug-logging bash install_linux.sh

LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 wuwenfengmi1998
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 基于 WebSocket 隧道与 TUN 虚拟网卡的轻量级三层 VPN 系统，采用 Go + Vue 3 构建。服务端通过 WebSocket 与客户端建立控制通道，TUN 网卡与 WebSocket 之间双向搬运原始 IP 数据包，实现点对点与点对站点网络连接。
 
-> **平台说明**：服务端部署**目前仅在 Linux 下测试功能正常**（systemd + nftables/iptables NAT，自动兼容 UFW）。配套客户端见 [lmvpn_client](https://github.com/wuwenfengmi1998/lmvpn_client)，客户端协议规范见 [`docs/client-development.md`](docs/client-development.md)。
+> **平台说明**：服务端部署**目前仅在 Linux 下测试功能正常**（systemd + nftables/iptables NAT）。配套客户端见 [lmvpn_client](https://github.com/wuwenfengmi1998/lmvpn_client)，客户端协议规范见 [`docs/client-development.md`](docs/client-development.md)。
 
 ---
 
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 - [目录说明](#目录说明)
 - [常见问题排查](#常见问题排查)
 - [相关文档](#相关文档)
-- [许可证](#许可证)
 
 ---
 
@@ -29,14 +28,14 @@
 - **Go**：≥ 1.26.4
 - **Node.js**：≥ 22.18（用于构建前端）
 - **内核**：支持 TUN 设备（`/dev/net/tun`），开启 `ip_forward`
-- **防火墙工具**：nftables（推荐）或 iptables，兼容 UFW
+- **防火墙工具**：nftables（推荐）或 iptables
 - **网络**：公网 IP，开放 Web 端口（或经反向代理）
 
 ---
 
 ## 一键部署（Linux，推荐）
 
-仓库自带 `install_linux.sh`，一条命令完成构建、部署、内核转发配置与 systemd 服务安装。NAT / 转发 / UFW 规则由服务端程序在启动时根据后台子网配置自动管理，无需手动设置。
+仓库自带 `install_linux.sh`，一条命令完成构建、部署、网络配置与 systemd 服务安装。
 
 ```bash
 git clone <仓库地址> lmvpn_server
@@ -52,19 +51,22 @@ sudo bash install_linux.sh
 4. 创建无 shell 的系统用户 `lmvpn`
 5. 停止旧服务，部署到 `/opt/lmvpn`（二进制 + `dist/`），属主改为 `lmvpn`
 6. 开启内核 IP 转发（IPv4 / IPv6），写入 `/etc/sysctl.d/99-lmvpn.conf`
-7. 安装 systemd 服务 `/etc/systemd/system/lmvpn.service`，以 `lmvpn` 用户运行并授予 `CAP_NET_ADMIN` / `CAP_NET_RAW`
+7. 配置 NAT 与转发规则：自动检测出口网卡，优先 nft，回退 iptables
-8. 启动服务（NAT / 转发 / UFW 规则由程序在启动时根据后台子网自动配置）
+8. 安装 systemd 服务 `/etc/systemd/system/lmvpn.service`，以 `lmvpn` 用户运行并授予 `CAP_NET_ADMIN` / `CAP_NET_RAW`
+9. 启动服务并打印状态
 
 > ⚠️ 脚本中的 `git reset --hard origin/main` 会**丢弃所有本地未提交改动**。部署前请确保工作区干净，或先提交/暂存。
 
-### 防火墙规则自动管理
+### 子网变量
 
-NAT masquerade、forward 放行、UFW 转发规则由服务端程序在 `ApplySettings()` 时根据当前后台 VPN 子网动态配置：
+脚本顶部有两个变量需与后台 VPN 设置保持一致：
 
-- 自动检测出口网卡（`ip route show default`）
+```bash
-- 配置 nft `lmvpn_nat` 表的 postrouting masquerade 和 forward accept 规则
+VPN_SUBNET="192.168.77.0/24"        # IPv4 子网
-- 检测 UFW 是否启用（存在 `ufw-user-forward` 链），若启用则自动创建 `lmvpn-fwd` / `lmvpn6-fwd` 链并注入 jump
+VPN_SUBNET6="fd00:dead:beef::/112"  # IPv6 子网，留空则不配置 IPv6 NAT
-- 在后台修改子网后保存即可，程序自动更新规则，无需重新执行脚本
+```
+
+若在管理后台修改了子网，需同步修改此处并重新执行脚本，或手动更新 NAT 规则，否则客户端无法上网。
 
 ---
 
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ NAT masquerade、forward 放行、UFW 转发规则由服务端程序在 `ApplySe
 
 4. **启用 VPN**：进入「管理后台 → VPN 管理」，确认子网（默认 `192.168.77.0/24` + IPv6 `fd00:dead:beef::/112`），打开「启用」并保存。
 
-5. **诊断检查**：VPN 管理页的「系统环境检测」面板（对应 `GET /api/admin/vpn/diag`）会检测 ip_forward、NAT、UFW 转发规则、TUN 等，客户端无法上网时优先查看此处。
+5. **诊断检查**：VPN 管理页的「系统环境检测」面板（对应 `GET /api/admin/vpn/diag`）会检测 ip_forward、NAT、TUN 等，客户端无法上网时优先查看此处。
 
 ---
 
@@ -132,12 +134,7 @@ EOF
 sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-lmvpn.conf
 ```
 
-### 4. 安装 systemd 服务
+### 4. 配置 NAT（nft 示例）
-
-> NAT / 转发 / UFW 规则由服务端程序在启动时自动配置，无需手动设置。以下命令仅在程序无法自动配置防火墙时作为参考。
-
-<details>
-<summary>手动配置 NAT（点击展开，通常不需要）</summary>
 
 将 `WAN_IFACE` 替换为出口网卡，`VPN_SUBNET` 替换为 VPN 子网：
 
@@ -155,17 +152,6 @@ sudo nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip saddr "$VPN_SUBNET" accept
 sudo nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip daddr "$VPN_SUBNET" accept
 ```
 
-若启用了 UFW，还需放行 VPN 子网转发：
-
-```bash
-sudo ufw route allow from "$VPN_SUBNET"
-sudo ufw route allow to "$VPN_SUBNET"
-sudo ufw route allow from "$VPN_SUBNET6"
-sudo ufw route allow to "$VPN_SUBNET6"
-```
-
-</details>
-
 ### 5. 安装 systemd 服务
 
 ```bash
@@ -345,7 +331,7 @@ sudo bash install_linux.sh
   - `middleware/` — 中间件（认证、限流）
   - `model/` — 数据模型
   - `router/` — 路由
-  - `vpn/` - VPN 核心（认证、隧道、TUN、包转发、防火墙自动配置）
+  - `vpn/` — VPN 核心（认证、隧道、TUN、包转发）
 - `docs/` — 文档
 - `pytest/` — Python 测试脚本
 - `install_linux.sh` — Linux 一键部署脚本
@@ -358,10 +344,10 @@ sudo bash install_linux.sh
 | 现象 | 可能原因 | 排查建议 |
 |------|----------|----------|
 | 服务启动失败 | socket 目录不可写 / 端口占用 | `journalctl -u lmvpn`；设 `sock: ""` 或换可写目录 |
-| 客户端连上但无法上网 | 未开 ip_forward / NAT 未生效 / UFW 拦截 | 管理后台诊断面板查看 UFW 状态和 NAT 检测结果 |
+| 客户端连上但无法上网 | 未开 ip_forward / 未配 NAT / 子网不一致 | 管理后台诊断面板；核对脚本 `VPN_SUBNET` 与后台设置 |
-| 客户端连上但下行极慢（几十 bps） | UFW FORWARD 默认 DROP 拦截 TCP 包 | 诊断面板检查 UFW 转发规则；重启服务使程序自动配置 UFW |
 | 登录提示「请求过于频繁」 | 触发限流（`/api/login` 5 次/分钟·IP） | 等待 1 分钟后重试 |
-| 修改子网后客户端异常 | 旧防火墙规则残留 | 后台重新保存设置，程序自动更新 NAT / UFW 规则 |
+| 修改子网后客户端异常 | NAT 规则仍是旧子网 | 同步脚本变量并重跑 `install_linux.sh` |
+| WebSocket 频繁断开 | 反代未透传 `Upgrade`/`Connection` 头 | 检查反代 `/ws` 配置；调大读超时 |
 | 忘记管理员密码 | — | 删除 `data/lmvpn.db` 重新初始化（会丢失所有数据），或直接改库 |
 
 ---
@@ -379,11 +365,3 @@ sudo bash install_linux.sh
 - `/api/login` 与 WebSocket 密码认证均限制每 IP 5 次/分钟
 - WebSocket `/ws` 支持 JWT（`?token=xxx`）与用户名/密码两种认证
 - 生产环境务必经反向代理启用 HTTPS/WSS
-
----
-
-## 许可证
-
-本项目基于 [MIT License](LICENSE) 开源。
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 wuwenfengmi1998

docs/client-development.md

@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s <VPN_V6_SUBNET> -o <物理网卡> -j MASQUERA
 | `readyTimeout` | 30s | 等待 ready 超时 | `internal/vpn/tunnel.go:19` |
 | `pingPeriod` | 30s | Ping 周期 | `internal/vpn/tunnel.go:20` |
 | `maxMessageSize` | 1 MB | 单消息上限 | `internal/vpn/tunnel.go:21` |
-| `maxConnsPerUser` | 30（可配置） | 单用户并发连接上限 | `internal/model/vpn.go` (`VpnSetting.MaxConnsPerUser`) |
+| `maxConnsPerUser` | 3 | 单用户并发连接上限 | `internal/vpn/tunnel.go:22` |
 | `tokenExpire` | 24h | JWT 有效期 | `internal/middleware/auth.go:15` |
 | 登录限流 | 5/min·IP | `/api/login` 限流 | `internal/middleware/ratelimit.go:76` |
 | 密码认证限流 | 5/min·(IP+用户名) | WebSocket 密码认证限流 | `internal/vpn/auth.go:15,41` |

frontend/src/locales/en.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ export default {
     loginFailed: 'Login failed',
     loggingIn: 'Logging in...',
     loginButton: 'Login',
-    passwordChanged: 'Password changed, please log in again',
   },
   profile: {
     title: 'Profile',
@@ -59,9 +58,6 @@ export default {
     enterOldAndNewPassword: 'Please enter current and new password',
     passwordsDoNotMatch: 'The two passwords do not match',
     passwordChangeFailed: 'Failed to change password',
-    myVpnConnections: 'My VPN Connections',
-    noConnections: 'No active connections',
-    abnormalConnectionHint: 'If you notice any abnormal connections, please change your password to disconnect all devices.',
   },
   about: {
     title: 'About LmVPN',
@@ -136,7 +132,6 @@ export default {
     serverConfigTunIp: 'Server Configures TUN IP',
     autoConfig: 'Auto',
     manual: 'Manual',
-    maxConnsPerUser: 'Max Connections Per User',
     saveSettings: 'Save Settings',
     saveSuccess: 'Saved successfully',
     user: 'User',
@@ -153,10 +148,6 @@ export default {
     ipv6Address: 'IPv6 Address (optional)',
     selectUserAndIp: 'Please select a user and fill in at least one IP address',
     confirmDeleteReservation: 'Delete this reservation?',
-    kick: 'Kick',
-    confirmKick: 'Disconnect all VPN connections for user {username} and disable their account?',
-    kickFailed: 'Failed to kick user',
-    cannotKickSelf: 'Cannot kick yourself. To disconnect your own devices, please change your password.',
   },
   footer: {
     lastCommit: 'Last commit',
@@ -172,7 +163,7 @@ export default {
       'Admin and user roles with full user CRUD, enable/disable, and password changes, plus self-protection rules.',
     multiDevice: 'Multi-Device Concurrent',
     multiDeviceDesc:
-      'Supports multi-device concurrent connections per user, configurable in admin panel.',
+      'Up to 3 concurrent connections per user with automatic tunnel IP assignment.',
     dualStack: 'IPv4/IPv6 Dual-Stack',
     dualStackDesc:
       'Supports both IPv4 and IPv6 subnets with NAT dual-stack forwarding and anti-spoofing.',

frontend/src/locales/zh.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ export default {
     loginFailed: '登录失败',
     loggingIn: '登录中...',
     loginButton: '登录',
-    passwordChanged: '密码已修改，请重新登录',
   },
   profile: {
     title: '用户信息',
@@ -59,9 +58,6 @@ export default {
     enterOldAndNewPassword: '请填写原密码和新密码',
     passwordsDoNotMatch: '两次输入的新密码不一致',
     passwordChangeFailed: '密码修改失败',
-    myVpnConnections: '我的 VPN 连接',
-    noConnections: '暂无在线连接',
-    abnormalConnectionHint: '如发现异常连接，请修改密码以断开所有设备',
   },
   about: {
     title: '关于 LmVPN',
@@ -135,7 +131,6 @@ export default {
     serverConfigTunIp: '服务端配置 TUN IP',
     autoConfig: '自动配置',
     manual: '手动',
-    maxConnsPerUser: '每用户最大连接数',
     saveSettings: '保存设置',
     saveSuccess: '保存成功',
     user: '用户',
@@ -152,10 +147,6 @@ export default {
     ipv6Address: 'IPv6 地址 (可选)',
     selectUserAndIp: '请选择用户并至少填写一个 IP 地址',
     confirmDeleteReservation: '确认删除该预留？',
-    kick: '踢下线',
-    confirmKick: '确定要断开用户 {username} 的所有 VPN 连接并禁用其账号吗？',
-    kickFailed: '踢下线失败',
-    cannotKickSelf: '不能踢自己下线，如需断开自己的设备请修改密码',
   },
   footer: {
     lastCommit: '最后提交',
@@ -169,7 +160,7 @@ export default {
     userManageDesc:
       '管理员与普通角色，支持用户增删改、启用禁用与改密，内置自保护规则。',
     multiDevice: '多设备并发',
-    multiDeviceDesc: '每用户支持多设备并发连接，可在管理后台配置上限。',
+    multiDeviceDesc: '每用户最多 3 个并发连接，自动分配隧道 IP 地址。',
     dualStack: 'IPv4/IPv6 双栈',
     dualStackDesc: '同时支持 IPv4 与 IPv6 子网，NAT 双栈转发与源地址反欺骗。',
     reservation: '静态 IP 预留',

frontend/src/views/AdminView.vue

@@ -19,16 +19,6 @@ const stats = ref([
 const userCount = ref<number | null>(null)
 let statsTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
 
-interface ClientInfo {
-  user_id: number
-  username: string
-  ip: string
-  ip6?: string
-  connected_at: string
-}
-const vpnClients = ref<ClientInfo[]>([])
-const kickError = ref('')
-
 function formatUptime(seconds: number): string {
   if (seconds <= 0) return '0m'
   const d = Math.floor(seconds / 86400)
@@ -71,46 +61,11 @@ async function fetchStats() {
   } catch {}
 }
 
-async function fetchVpnStatus() {
-  try {
-    const res = await fetch('/api/admin/vpn/status', {
-      headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${authStore.token}` },
-    })
-    if (!res.ok) return
-    const data = await res.json()
-    vpnClients.value = data.clients || []
-  } catch {}
-}
-
-async function handleKick(userId: number, username: string) {
-  kickError.value = ''
-  if (userId === authStore.user?.id) {
-    kickError.value = t('vpn.cannotKickSelf')
-    return
-  }
-  if (!confirm(t('vpn.confirmKick', { username }))) return
-  try {
-    const res = await fetch(`/api/admin/vpn/clients/${userId}`, {
-      method: 'DELETE',
-      headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${authStore.token}` },
-    })
-    const data = await res.json()
-    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(data.error || t('vpn.kickFailed'))
-    await fetchVpnStatus()
-  } catch (e: any) {
-    kickError.value = e.message
-  }
-}
-
 onMounted(async () => {
   await authStore.fetchUser()
   fetchUserCount()
   fetchStats()
-  fetchVpnStatus()
+  statsTimer = setInterval(fetchStats, 30000)
-  statsTimer = setInterval(() => {
-    fetchStats()
-    fetchVpnStatus()
-  }, 30000)
 })
 
 onUnmounted(() => {
@@ -120,6 +75,11 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
 function handleStatClick(route: string) {
   if (route) router.push(route)
 }
+
+function handleLogout() {
+  authStore.logout()
+  router.push('/')
+}
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -158,39 +118,11 @@ function handleStatClick(route: string) {
       </div>
     </div>
 
-    <div class="bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-xl shadow-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden mb-6">
-      <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white p-6 pb-4">{{ t('vpn.onlineClients') }}</h3>
-      <table class="w-full text-sm">
-        <thead>
-          <tr class="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.user') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv4') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv6') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.connectTime') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('common.actions') }}</th>
-          </tr>
-        </thead>
-        <tbody>
-          <tr v-if="!vpnClients.length">
-            <td colspan="5" class="px-6 py-6 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.noOnlineClients') }}</td>
-          </tr>
-          <tr v-for="(c, i) in vpnClients" :key="i" class="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700/50">
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-medium">{{ c.username }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip6 || '-' }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ c.connected_at }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3">
     <button
-                class="px-3 py-1 text-xs rounded-md font-medium text-red-700 bg-red-50 hover:bg-red-100 dark:text-red-400 dark:bg-red-900/20 transition-colors"
+      class="px-6 py-2.5 rounded-lg font-medium text-white bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 transition-colors"
-                @click="handleKick(c.user_id, c.username)"
+      @click="handleLogout"
     >
-                {{ t('vpn.kick') }}
+      {{ t('admin.logoutButton') }}
     </button>
-            </td>
-          </tr>
-        </tbody>
-      </table>
-      <p v-if="kickError" class="text-sm text-red-500 px-6 pb-4">{{ kickError }}</p>
-    </div>
   </div>
 </template>

frontend/src/views/LoginView.vue

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { ref } from 'vue'
-import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'
+import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth'
 
 const router = useRouter()
-const route = useRoute()
 const authStore = useAuthStore()
 const { t } = useI18n()
 
 const username = ref('')
 const password = ref('')
 const error = ref('')
-const successMsg = ref(route.query.msg === 'password_changed' ? t('login.passwordChanged') : '')
 const loading = ref(false)
 
 async function handleLogin() {
@@ -73,7 +71,6 @@ async function handleLogin() {
           />
         </div>
         <p v-if="error" class="text-sm text-red-500">{{ error }}</p>
-        <p v-if="successMsg" class="text-sm text-green-500">{{ successMsg }}</p>
         <button
           type="submit"
           :disabled="loading"

frontend/src/views/ProfileView.vue

@@ -1,36 +1,13 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue'
-import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth'
 
 const authStore = useAuthStore()
-const router = useRouter()
 const { t } = useI18n()
 
-interface VpnConnection {
-  ip: string
-  ip6?: string
-  connected_at: string
-}
-const vpnConnections = ref<VpnConnection[]>([])
-const maxConns = ref(30)
-
-async function fetchVpnConnections() {
-  try {
-    const res = await fetch('/api/me/vpn/connections', {
-      headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${authStore.token}` },
-    })
-    if (!res.ok) return
-    const data = await res.json()
-    vpnConnections.value = data.connections || []
-    maxConns.value = data.max_conns_per_user || 30
-  } catch {}
-}
-
 onMounted(async () => {
   await authStore.fetchUser()
-  fetchVpnConnections()
 })
 
 const showPasswordModal = ref(false)
@@ -72,8 +49,6 @@ async function handleChangePassword() {
       throw new Error(data.error || t('profile.passwordChangeFailed'))
     }
     showPasswordModal.value = false
-    authStore.logout()
-    router.push({ name: 'login', query: { msg: 'password_changed' } })
   } catch (e: any) {
     passwordError.value = e.message || t('profile.passwordChangeFailed')
   } finally {
@@ -94,35 +69,6 @@ async function handleChangePassword() {
       </div>
     </div>
 
-    <div class="bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-xl shadow-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden mb-6">
-      <div class="flex items-center justify-between p-6 pb-4">
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{{ t('profile.myVpnConnections') }}</h3>
-        <span class="px-3 py-1 text-sm font-medium rounded-full" :class="vpnConnections.length > 0 ? 'bg-sky-100 text-sky-700 dark:bg-sky-900/40 dark:text-sky-400' : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400'">
-          {{ vpnConnections.length }} / {{ maxConns }}
-        </span>
-      </div>
-      <table class="w-full text-sm">
-        <thead>
-          <tr class="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv4') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv6') }}</th>
-            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.connectTime') }}</th>
-          </tr>
-        </thead>
-        <tbody>
-          <tr v-if="!vpnConnections.length">
-            <td colspan="3" class="px-6 py-6 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('profile.noConnections') }}</td>
-          </tr>
-          <tr v-for="(c, i) in vpnConnections" :key="i" class="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700/50">
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip6 || '-' }}</td>
-            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ c.connected_at }}</td>
-          </tr>
-        </tbody>
-      </table>
-      <p class="text-xs text-gray-400 px-6 py-4">{{ t('profile.abnormalConnectionHint') }}</p>
-    </div>
-
     <button
       class="px-6 py-2.5 rounded-lg font-medium text-white bg-sky-600 hover:bg-sky-700 transition-colors"
       @click="openPasswordModal"

frontend/src/views/VpnView.vue

@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@ interface Settings {
   allow_client_to_client: boolean
   do_local_ip_config: boolean
   do_remote_ip_config: boolean
-  max_conns_per_user: number
 }
 interface ClientInfo {
-  user_id: number
   username: string
   ip: string
   ip6?: string
@@ -84,7 +82,6 @@ const form = ref<Settings>({
   allow_client_to_client: false,
   do_local_ip_config: true,
   do_remote_ip_config: true,
-  max_conns_per_user: 30,
 })
 
 async function fetchSettings() {
@@ -405,10 +402,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
             <option :value="false">{{ t('vpn.manual') }}</option>
           </select>
         </div>
-        <div>
-          <label class="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{{ t('vpn.maxConnsPerUser') }}</label>
-          <input v-model.number="form.max_conns_per_user" type="number" min="1" max="1000" class="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-900 dark:text-white" />
-        </div>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-4 mt-6">
         <button
@@ -422,6 +415,32 @@ onMounted(() => {
       </div>
     </div>
 
+    <!-- 在线客户端 -->
+    <div class="bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-xl shadow-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
+      <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white p-6 pb-4">{{ t('vpn.onlineClients') }}</h3>
+      <table class="w-full text-sm">
+        <thead>
+          <tr class="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
+            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.user') }}</th>
+            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv4') }}</th>
+            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.ipv6') }}</th>
+            <th class="px-6 py-3 text-left font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.connectTime') }}</th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr v-if="!status?.clients?.length">
+            <td colspan="4" class="px-6 py-6 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('vpn.noOnlineClients') }}</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr v-for="(c, i) in status?.clients" :key="i" class="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700/50">
+            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-medium">{{ c.username }}</td>
+            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip }}</td>
+            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{{ c.ip6 || '—' }}</td>
+            <td class="px-6 py-3 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ c.connected_at }}</td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+    </div>
+
     <!-- 静态预留 -->
     <div class="bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-xl shadow-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
       <div class="flex items-center justify-between p-6 pb-4">

install_linux.sh

@@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -e
 
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# VPN 子网（与后台 VPN 设置中的子网保持一致）
+# 若后台修改了子网，需同步修改此处并重新执行脚本，或手动更新 iptables 规则
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+VPN_SUBNET="192.168.77.0/24"
+# IPv6 子网（留空则不配置 IPv6 NAT；与后台设置保持一致）
+VPN_SUBNET6="fd00:dead:beef::/112"
+
 if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
     echo "请使用 root 用户执行此脚本: sudo bash install_linux.sh"
     exit 1
 fi
 
-echo ">>> 拉取最新代码（强制覆盖本地修改）..."
+# 部署分支（默认 main，调试时可改为其他分支如 debug-logging）
-git fetch origin
+DEPLOY_BRANCH="${DEPLOY_BRANCH:-main}"
-git reset --hard origin/main
+
+echo ">>> 拉取最新代码（分支: $DEPLOY_BRANCH，强制覆盖本地修改）..."
+git fetch origin "$DEPLOY_BRANCH"
+git checkout -B "$DEPLOY_BRANCH" FETCH_HEAD
+echo ">>> 当前 commit: $(git rev-parse --short HEAD) $(git log -1 --format=%s)"
 
 echo ">>> 安装前端依赖并构建..."
 cd frontend
@@ -41,14 +53,106 @@ chown -R lmvpn:lmvpn /opt/lmvpn
 echo ">>> 配置内核 IP 转发..."
 # 临时生效
 sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 >/dev/null
+if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ]; then
     sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 >/dev/null
+fi
 # 持久化
 cat > /etc/sysctl.d/99-lmvpn.conf << EOF
 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
-net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
 EOF
+if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ]; then
+    echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.d/99-lmvpn.conf
+fi
 sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-lmvpn.conf >/dev/null
 
+echo ">>> 配置 NAT 与转发规则..."
+# 自动检测默认路由出口网卡
+WAN_IFACE=$(ip route show default 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $5; exit}')
+if [ -z "$WAN_IFACE" ]; then
+    echo "警告: 未能自动检测出口网卡，跳过 NAT 配置，请手动设置"
+else
+    echo "出口网卡: $WAN_IFACE"
+
+    # 选择可用的防火墙前端：优先 nft（原生，Debian 12+ 的 iptables 是 nft 包装器，操作原生 nft nat 表会不兼容）
+    NAT_TOOL=""
+    if command -v nft >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        NAT_TOOL="nft"
+    elif command -v iptables >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        NAT_TOOL="iptables"
+    fi
+
+    if [ -z "$NAT_TOOL" ]; then
+        echo "警告: 未找到 nft 或 iptables，跳过 NAT 配置"
+        echo "       客户端将无法上外网。请安装: apt install nftables"
+        echo "       安装后重新执行本脚本即可自动配置"
+    elif [ "$NAT_TOOL" = "nft" ]; then
+        echo "使用 nft 配置 NAT..."
+        # 幂等：先删除旧表（忽略错误），再创建
+        nft delete table inet lmvpn_nat 2>/dev/null || true
+        nft add table inet lmvpn_nat
+        nft 'add chain inet lmvpn_nat postrouting { type nat hook postrouting priority 100 ; }'
+        nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat postrouting oifname "$WAN_IFACE" ip saddr "$VPN_SUBNET" masquerade
+        if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ]; then
+            nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat postrouting oifname "$WAN_IFACE" ip6 saddr "$VPN_SUBNET6" masquerade
+        fi
+        nft 'add chain inet lmvpn_nat forward { type filter hook forward priority 0 ; policy accept ; }'
+        nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip saddr "$VPN_SUBNET" accept
+        nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip daddr "$VPN_SUBNET" accept
+        if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ]; then
+            nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip6 saddr "$VPN_SUBNET6" accept
+            nft add rule inet lmvpn_nat forward ip6 daddr "$VPN_SUBNET6" accept
+        fi
+
+        # 持久化 nft 规则
+        mkdir -p /etc/nftables.d
+        nft list ruleset > /etc/nftables.d/lmvpn.nft
+        # 确保主配置文件 include 该目录
+        if [ -f /etc/nftables.conf ] && ! grep -q 'include "/etc/nftables.d' /etc/nftables.conf; then
+            echo 'include "/etc/nftables.d/*.nft"' >> /etc/nftables.conf
+        fi
+        systemctl enable nftables 2>/dev/null || true
+        echo "nft 规则已写入 /etc/nftables.d/lmvpn.nft"
+    elif [ "$NAT_TOOL" = "iptables" ]; then
+        echo "使用 iptables 配置 NAT..."
+        # 幂等：先删除旧规则（忽略错误），再添加
+        iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s "$VPN_SUBNET" -o "$WAN_IFACE" -j MASQUERADE 2>/dev/null || true
+        iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s "$VPN_SUBNET" -o "$WAN_IFACE" -j MASQUERADE
+
+        iptables -D FORWARD -s "$VPN_SUBNET" -j ACCEPT 2>/dev/null || true
+        iptables -D FORWARD -d "$VPN_SUBNET" -j ACCEPT 2>/dev/null || true
+        iptables -A FORWARD -s "$VPN_SUBNET" -j ACCEPT
+        iptables -A FORWARD -d "$VPN_SUBNET" -j ACCEPT
+
+        # IPv6 NAT（需 ip6tables）
+        if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ] && command -v ip6tables >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "配置 IPv6 NAT (ip6tables)..."
+            ip6tables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s "$VPN_SUBNET6" -o "$WAN_IFACE" -j MASQUERADE 2>/dev/null || true
+            ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s "$VPN_SUBNET6" -o "$WAN_IFACE" -j MASQUERADE
+            ip6tables -D FORWARD -s "$VPN_SUBNET6" -j ACCEPT 2>/dev/null || true
+            ip6tables -D FORWARD -d "$VPN_SUBNET6" -j ACCEPT 2>/dev/null || true
+            ip6tables -A FORWARD -s "$VPN_SUBNET6" -j ACCEPT
+            ip6tables -A FORWARD -d "$VPN_SUBNET6" -j ACCEPT
+        fi
+
+        # 持久化 iptables 规则
+        if command -v netfilter-persistent >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            netfilter-persistent save
+            echo "iptables 规则已通过 netfilter-persistent 持久化"
+        elif command -v iptables-save >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            mkdir -p /etc/iptables
+            iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
+            if [ -n "$VPN_SUBNET6" ] && command -v ip6tables-save >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                ip6tables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v6
+                echo "ip6tables 规则已写入 /etc/iptables/rules.v6"
+            fi
+            echo "iptables 规则已写入 /etc/iptables/rules.v4"
+            echo "注意: 重启后规则持久化需配合 iptables-persistent 包，建议安装: apt install iptables-persistent"
+        else
+            echo "警告: 未找到 iptables-save，规则仅在本次运行有效，请手动持久化"
+        fi
+    fi
+fi
+
 echo ">>> 安装 systemd 服务..."
 cat > /etc/systemd/system/lmvpn.service << 'EOF'
 [Unit]
@@ -76,8 +180,4 @@ systemctl enable lmvpn
 systemctl restart lmvpn
 
 echo ">>> 安装完成"
-echo ""
-echo "NAT/转发/UFW 规则由服务端程序在启动时根据后台子网配置自动管理，无需手动设置。"
-echo "若修改了后台 VPN 子网，只需在后台保存即可，程序会自动更新防火墙规则。"
-echo ""
 systemctl status lmvpn --no-pager

internal/config/config.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func defaultConfig() *Config {
 	return &Config{
 		Web: WebConfig{
 			Port:        8080,
-			Sock:        "web.sock",
+			Sock:        "/run/lmvpnweb.sock",
 			SockMode:    "0666",
 			SockDirMode: "0755",
 		},

internal/db/db.go

@@ -105,16 +105,8 @@ func seedDefaultAdmin(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) error {
 func seedDefaultVpnSettings() error {
 	var s model.VpnSetting
 	if err := DB.First(&s, model.VpnSettingSingletonID).Error; err == nil {
-		needSave := false
 		if s.Subnet6 == "" {
 			s.Subnet6 = "fd00:dead:beef::/112"
-			needSave = true
-		}
-		if s.MaxConnsPerUser == 0 {
-			s.MaxConnsPerUser = 30
-			needSave = true
-		}
-		if needSave {
 			DB.Save(&s)
 		}
 		return nil
@@ -128,7 +120,6 @@ func seedDefaultVpnSettings() error {
 		InterfaceName:    "",
 		DoLocalIPConfig:  true,
 		DoRemoteIPConfig: true,
-		MaxConnsPerUser:   30,
 	}
 	return DB.Create(&s).Error
 }

internal/handler/auth.go

@@ -1,36 +1,18 @@
 package handler
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
 	"lmvpn/internal/db"
 	"lmvpn/internal/middleware"
 	"lmvpn/internal/model"
-	"lmvpn/internal/vpn"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
 )
 
-const (
-	minPasswordLen = 6
-	maxPasswordLen = 72 // bcrypt 硬上限：超过 72 字节会被 bcrypt 截断或报错
-)
-
-func validatePassword(pw string) error {
-	n := len(pw)
-	if n < minPasswordLen {
-		return errors.New("密码长度不能少于6位")
-	}
-	if n > maxPasswordLen {
-		return errors.New("密码长度不能超过72字节")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 type loginRequest struct {
 	Username string `json:"username" binding:"required"`
 	Password string `json:"password" binding:"required"`
@@ -111,8 +93,8 @@ func ChangePassword(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := validatePassword(req.NewPassword); err != nil {
+	if len(req.NewPassword) < 6 {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "新密码长度不能少于6位"})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -144,11 +126,8 @@ func ChangePassword(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	db.DB.Model(&model.Session{}).Where("user_id = ?", userID).Update("invalid", true)
+	sessionID, _ := c.Get("session_id")
-
+	db.DB.Model(&model.Session{}).Where("user_id = ? AND session_id != ?", userID, sessionID).Update("invalid", true)
-	if vpn.VPN != nil && vpn.VPN.Running() {
-		vpn.VPN.KickUser(user.ID)
-	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "密码修改成功"})
 }

internal/handler/user.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 
 	"lmvpn/internal/db"
 	"lmvpn/internal/model"
-	"lmvpn/internal/vpn"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
@@ -83,11 +82,6 @@ func CreateUser(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := validatePassword(req.Password); err != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-		return
-	}
-
 	hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(req.Password), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "密码加密失败"})
@@ -168,10 +162,6 @@ func UpdateUser(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if req.Password != "" {
-		if err := validatePassword(req.Password); err != nil {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-			return
-		}
 		hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(req.Password), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "密码加密失败"})
@@ -193,9 +183,6 @@ func UpdateUser(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	if req.Password != "" || req.Role != "" || req.Status != nil {
 		db.DB.Model(&model.Session{}).Where("user_id = ?", id).Update("invalid", true)
-		if vpn.VPN != nil && vpn.VPN.Running() {
-			vpn.VPN.KickUser(uint(id))
-		}
 	}
 
 	db.DB.First(&user, id)

internal/handler/vpn.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ type vpnSettingsResponse struct {
 	AllowClientToClient bool   `json:"allow_client_to_client"`
 	DoLocalIPConfig     bool   `json:"do_local_ip_config"`
 	DoRemoteIPConfig    bool   `json:"do_remote_ip_config"`
-	MaxConnsPerUser     int    `json:"max_conns_per_user"`
 }
 
 type updateVpnSettingsRequest struct {
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@ type updateVpnSettingsRequest struct {
 	AllowClientToClient *bool   `json:"allow_client_to_client"`
 	DoLocalIPConfig     *bool   `json:"do_local_ip_config"`
 	DoRemoteIPConfig    *bool   `json:"do_remote_ip_config"`
-	MaxConnsPerUser     *int    `json:"max_conns_per_user"`
 }
 
 func loadVpnSettings() (model.VpnSetting, error) {
@@ -133,7 +131,6 @@ func GetVpnSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 		AllowClientToClient: s.AllowClientToClient,
 		DoLocalIPConfig:     s.DoLocalIPConfig,
 		DoRemoteIPConfig:    s.DoRemoteIPConfig,
-		MaxConnsPerUser:     s.MaxConnsPerUser,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -188,13 +185,6 @@ func UpdateVpnSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 	if req.DoRemoteIPConfig != nil {
 		s.DoRemoteIPConfig = *req.DoRemoteIPConfig
 	}
-	if req.MaxConnsPerUser != nil {
-		if *req.MaxConnsPerUser < 1 || *req.MaxConnsPerUser > 1000 {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "每用户最大连接数范围 1-1000"})
-			return
-		}
-		s.MaxConnsPerUser = *req.MaxConnsPerUser
-	}
 
 	if err := db.DB.Save(&s).Error; err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "保存设置失败"})
@@ -208,42 +198,6 @@ func UpdateVpnSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "设置已更新"})
 }
 
-type myVpnConnection struct {
-	IP          string `json:"ip"`
-	IP6         string `json:"ip6,omitempty"`
-	ConnectedAt string `json:"connected_at"`
-}
-
-func GetMyVpnConnections(c *gin.Context) {
-	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
-
-	maxConns := 30
-	if vpn.VPN != nil {
-		s := vpn.VPN.Settings()
-		if s.MaxConnsPerUser > 0 {
-			maxConns = s.MaxConnsPerUser
-		}
-	}
-
-	connections := make([]myVpnConnection, 0)
-	if vpn.VPN != nil && vpn.VPN.Running() {
-		for _, ci := range vpn.VPN.ClientList() {
-			if ci.UserID == userID.(uint) {
-				connections = append(connections, myVpnConnection{
-					IP:          ci.IP,
-					IP6:         ci.IP6,
-					ConnectedAt: ci.ConnectedAt,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
-		"max_conns_per_user": maxConns,
-		"connections":        connections,
-	})
-}
-
 type vpnStatusResponse struct {
 	Enabled   bool             `json:"enabled"`
 	Online    int              `json:"online"`
@@ -452,34 +406,3 @@ func DeleteVpnReservation(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "删除成功"})
 }
-
-func KickUserClient(c *gin.Context) {
-	idStr := c.Param("id")
-	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(idStr, 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "参数错误"})
-		return
-	}
-
-	var user model.User
-	if err := db.DB.First(&user, id).Error; err != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "用户不存在"})
-		return
-	}
-
-	currentUserID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
-	if uint(id) == currentUserID.(uint) {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "不能踢自己下线，如需断开自己的设备请修改密码"})
-		return
-	}
-
-	n := 0
-	if vpn.VPN != nil && vpn.VPN.Running() {
-		n = vpn.VPN.KickUser(uint(id))
-	}
-
-	db.DB.Model(&user).Update("status", 0)
-	db.DB.Model(&model.Session{}).Where("user_id = ?", id).Update("invalid", true)
-
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "已断开用户连接并禁用账号", "kicked": n})
-}

internal/middleware/ratelimit.go

@@ -84,12 +84,3 @@ func LoginRateLimit() gin.HandlerFunc {
 		c.Next()
 	}
 }
-
-// BodyLimit 限制请求体大小，防止内存耗尽型 DoS。
-// 对所有 /api JSON 端点生效；WebSocket 走连接劫持，握手阶段不受影响。
-func BodyLimit(max int64) gin.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(c *gin.Context) {
-		c.Request.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(c.Writer, c.Request.Body, max)
-		c.Next()
-	}
-}

internal/model/vpn.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ type VpnSetting struct {
 	AllowClientToClient bool   `gorm:"default:false"`
 	DoLocalIPConfig     bool   `gorm:"default:true"`
 	DoRemoteIPConfig    bool   `gorm:"default:true"`
-	MaxConnsPerUser     int    `gorm:"default:30"`
 	UpdatedAt           time.Time
 }
 

internal/router/router.go

@@ -14,23 +14,20 @@ import (
 func Setup(r *gin.Engine) {
 	r.GET("/ws", vpn.HandleWS)
 
-	bodyLimit := middleware.BodyLimit(1 << 20) // 1 MiB
+	r.POST("/api/login", middleware.LoginRateLimit(), handler.Login)
-
-	r.POST("/api/login", bodyLimit, middleware.LoginRateLimit(), handler.Login)
 	r.GET("/api/version", handler.GetVersion)
 
 	auth := r.Group("/api")
-	auth.Use(middleware.AuthMiddleware(), bodyLimit)
+	auth.Use(middleware.AuthMiddleware())
 	{
 		auth.GET("/me", handler.Me)
 		auth.PUT("/me/password", handler.ChangePassword)
 		auth.GET("/me/sessions", handler.ListMySessions)
 		auth.DELETE("/me/sessions/:sessionId", handler.RevokeMySession)
-		auth.GET("/me/vpn/connections", handler.GetMyVpnConnections)
 	}
 
 	admin := r.Group("/api/admin")
-	admin.Use(middleware.AuthMiddleware(), middleware.AdminMiddleware(), bodyLimit)
+	admin.Use(middleware.AuthMiddleware(), middleware.AdminMiddleware())
 	{
 		admin.GET("/stats", handler.GetAdminStats)
 		admin.GET("/users/count", handler.GetUserCount)
@@ -47,7 +44,6 @@ func Setup(r *gin.Engine) {
 		admin.GET("/vpn/reservations", handler.ListVpnReservations)
 		admin.POST("/vpn/reservations", handler.CreateVpnReservation)
 		admin.DELETE("/vpn/reservations/:id", handler.DeleteVpnReservation)
-		admin.DELETE("/vpn/clients/:id", handler.KickUserClient)
 	}
 
 	distDir := http.Dir("./dist")

internal/vpn/diag.go

@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ type DiagResult struct {
 	IP6ForwardNote   string `json:"ip6_forward_note,omitempty"`
 	Masquerade6      *bool  `json:"masquerade6"`
 	Masquerade6Note  string `json:"masquerade6_note,omitempty"`
-	UFWActive        *bool  `json:"ufw_active"`
-	UFWForwardNote   string `json:"ufw_forward_note,omitempty"`
 	TUNCreate        string `json:"tun_create"`
 	TUNRunning       bool   `json:"tun_running"`
 	TUNName          string `json:"tun_name,omitempty"`

internal/vpn/diag_linux.go

@@ -34,15 +34,6 @@ func fillPlatformDiag(r *DiagResult) {
 	m6, note6 := checkMasquerade6()
 	r.Masquerade6 = m6
 	r.Masquerade6Note = note6
-
-	ufwActive := checkUFWActive()
-	r.UFWActive = &ufwActive
-	if ufwActive {
-		ufwOk, ufwNote := checkUFWForward()
-		if !ufwOk {
-			r.UFWForwardNote = ufwNote
-		}
-	}
 }
 
 func ptrBool(b bool) *bool { return &b }
@@ -172,31 +163,3 @@ func checkMasquerade6() (*bool, string) {
 
 	return nil, "ip6tables 与 nft 均未安装，无法检测 IPv6 NAT 规则"
 }
-
-// checkUFWForward checks if VPN forward rules exist in UFW's user-forward chains.
-func checkUFWForward() (bool, string) {
-	nftPath := findExecutable("nft")
-	if nftPath == "" {
-		return true, ""
-	}
-
-	// Check IPv4
-	out, err := exec.Command(nftPath, "list", "chain", "ip", "filter", "ufw-user-forward").Output()
-	if err == nil {
-		s := string(out)
-		if !strings.Contains(s, "jump lmvpn-fwd") && !strings.Contains(s, "192.168.") {
-			return false, "UFW 已启用但 IPv4 转发规则未配置，客户端可能无法上网"
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Check IPv6
-	out6, err := exec.Command(nftPath, "list", "chain", "ip6", "filter", "ufw6-user-forward").Output()
-	if err == nil {
-		s := string(out6)
-		if !strings.Contains(s, "jump lmvpn6-fwd") && !strings.Contains(s, "fd00:") {
-			return false, "UFW 已启用但 IPv6 转发规则未配置，IPv6 客户端可能无法上网"
-		}
-	}
-
-	return true, ""
-}

internal/vpn/firewall_darwin.go

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-//go:build darwin
-
-package vpn
-
-import "log"
-
-func configureFirewall(ipNet, ipNet6 string, tunName string) {
-	log.Printf("防火墙配置在当前平台不支持，请手动配置 NAT 和转发规则")
-}
-
-func checkUFWActive() bool {
-	return false
-}

internal/vpn/firewall_linux.go

@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-//go:build linux
-
-package vpn
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-// configureFirewall dynamically configures NAT masquerade, forward accept rules,
-// and UFW forward rules based on the current VPN subnets.
-// This is called from ApplySettings() so subnet changes in the backend
-// are automatically reflected in firewall rules.
-func configureFirewall(ipNet, ipNet6 string, tunName string) {
-	wanIface := detectWANInterface()
-	if wanIface == "" {
-		log.Printf("警告: 未能检测出口网卡，跳过防火墙配置")
-		return
-	}
-	log.Printf("出口网卡: %s", wanIface)
-
-	configureNAT(wanIface, ipNet, ipNet6)
-	configureForward(ipNet, ipNet6)
-	configureUFWForward(ipNet, ipNet6)
-}
-
-func detectWANInterface() string {
-	out, err := exec.Command("ip", "route", "show", "default").Output()
-	if err != nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	fields := strings.Fields(string(out))
-	for i, f := range fields {
-		if f == "dev" && i+1 < len(fields) {
-			return fields[i+1]
-		}
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func nftExists(args ...string) bool {
-	return exec.Command("nft", args...).Run() == nil
-}
-
-func nftExec(args ...string) {
-	cmd := exec.Command("nft", args...)
-	cmd.Stderr = nil
-	_ = cmd.Run()
-}
-
-func configureNAT(wanIface, ipNet, ipNet6 string) {
-	if !nftExists("list", "table", "inet", "lmvpn_nat") {
-		nftExec("add", "table", "inet", "lmvpn_nat")
-	}
-
-	// postrouting chain
-	if !nftExists("list", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "postrouting") {
-		nftExec("add", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "postrouting",
-			"{ type nat hook postrouting priority 100 ; }")
-	}
-	nftExec("flush", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "postrouting")
-	if ipNet != "" {
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "postrouting",
-			"oifname", wanIface, "ip", "saddr", ipNet, "masquerade")
-	}
-	if ipNet6 != "" {
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "postrouting",
-			"oifname", wanIface, "ip6", "saddr", ipNet6, "masquerade")
-	}
-	log.Printf("NAT masquerade 已配置: wan=%s v4=%s", wanIface, ipNet)
-	if ipNet6 != "" {
-		log.Printf("NAT masquerade IPv6: %s", ipNet6)
-	}
-}
-
-func configureForward(ipNet, ipNet6 string) {
-	if !nftExists("list", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward") {
-		nftExec("add", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward",
-			"{ type filter hook forward priority 0 ; policy accept ; }")
-	}
-	nftExec("flush", "chain", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward")
-	if ipNet != "" {
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward",
-			"ip", "saddr", ipNet, "accept")
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward",
-			"ip", "daddr", ipNet, "accept")
-	}
-	if ipNet6 != "" {
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward",
-			"ip6", "saddr", ipNet6, "accept")
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "inet", "lmvpn_nat", "forward",
-			"ip6", "daddr", ipNet6, "accept")
-	}
-}
-
-// configureUFWForward adds VPN subnet accept rules to UFW's user-forward chains.
-// UFW's FORWARD chain has policy DROP by default, which overrides the lmvpn_nat
-// forward chain's accept rules. We use dedicated chains (lmvpn-fwd/lmvpn6-fwd)
-// that are jumped to from ufw-user-forward/ufw6-user-forward.
-func configureUFWForward(ipNet, ipNet6 string) {
-	// IPv4
-	if nftExists("list", "chain", "ip", "filter", "ufw-user-forward") {
-		if !nftExists("list", "chain", "ip", "filter", "lmvpn-fwd") {
-			nftExec("add", "chain", "ip", "filter", "lmvpn-fwd")
-		}
-		nftExec("flush", "chain", "ip", "filter", "lmvpn-fwd")
-		if ipNet != "" {
-			nftExec("add", "rule", "ip", "filter", "lmvpn-fwd",
-				"ip", "saddr", ipNet, "accept")
-			nftExec("add", "rule", "ip", "filter", "lmvpn-fwd",
-				"ip", "daddr", ipNet, "accept")
-		}
-		// Add jump if not already present
-		if !nftJumpExists("ip", "filter", "ufw-user-forward", "lmvpn-fwd") {
-			nftExec("add", "rule", "ip", "filter", "ufw-user-forward", "jump", "lmvpn-fwd")
-		}
-		log.Printf("UFW IPv4 转发规则已配置")
-	}
-
-	// IPv6
-	if ipNet6 != "" && nftExists("list", "chain", "ip6", "filter", "ufw6-user-forward") {
-		if !nftExists("list", "chain", "ip6", "filter", "lmvpn6-fwd") {
-			nftExec("add", "chain", "ip6", "filter", "lmvpn6-fwd")
-		}
-		nftExec("flush", "chain", "ip6", "filter", "lmvpn6-fwd")
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "ip6", "filter", "lmvpn6-fwd",
-			"ip6", "saddr", ipNet6, "accept")
-		nftExec("add", "rule", "ip6", "filter", "lmvpn6-fwd",
-			"ip6", "daddr", ipNet6, "accept")
-		if !nftJumpExists("ip6", "filter", "ufw6-user-forward", "lmvpn6-fwd") {
-			nftExec("add", "rule", "ip6", "filter", "ufw6-user-forward", "jump", "lmvpn6-fwd")
-		}
-		log.Printf("UFW IPv6 转发规则已配置")
-	}
-}
-
-// nftJumpExists checks if a jump rule to the target chain already exists
-// in the source chain.
-func nftJumpExists(family, table, chain, target string) bool {
-	out, err := exec.Command("nft", "list", "chain", family, table, chain).Output()
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return strings.Contains(string(out), fmt.Sprintf("jump %s", target))
-}
-
-// checkUFWActive checks if UFW is active by looking for its forward chain.
-func checkUFWActive() bool {
-	return nftExists("list", "chain", "ip", "filter", "ufw-user-forward")
-}

internal/vpn/firewall_other.go

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !linux && !darwin
-
-package vpn
-
-import "log"
-
-func configureFirewall(ipNet, ipNet6 string, tunName string) {
-	log.Printf("防火墙配置在当前平台不支持，请手动配置 NAT 和转发规则")
-}
-
-func checkUFWActive() bool {
-	return false
-}

internal/vpn/handler.go

@@ -31,14 +31,16 @@ var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
 
 func HandleWS(c *gin.Context) {
 	tokenStr := c.Query("token")
+	clientIP := c.ClientIP()
 
 	conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(c.Writer, c.Request, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("WebSocket 升级失败: %v", err)
+		log.Printf("[WS] upgrade failed clientIP=%s err=%v", clientIP, err)
 		return
 	}
 
 	if tokenStr != "" {
+		log.Printf("[WS] upgrade clientIP=%s auth=jwt", clientIP)
 		claims, err := middleware.ParseToken(tokenStr)
 		if err != nil {
 			sendJSON(conn, authResponse{Type: "auth_err", Message: "令牌无效或已过期"})
@@ -55,9 +57,10 @@ func HandleWS(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	user, err := authenticate(conn, db.DB, c.ClientIP())
+	log.Printf("[WS] upgrade clientIP=%s auth=password", clientIP)
+	user, err := authenticate(conn, db.DB, clientIP)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("认证读取失败: %v", err)
+		log.Printf("[WS] auth read failed clientIP=%s err=%v", clientIP, err)
 		conn.Close()
 		return
 	}

internal/vpn/service.go

@@ -155,18 +155,13 @@ func (s *VpnService) ApplySettings(settings model.VpnSetting, reservations4, res
 	s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	go s.serveTUN()
-
+	go s.startStatsLogger()
-	subnet4 := ipNet.String()
+	log.Printf("[TUN] created name=%s mtu=%d", tun.Name(), settings.MTU)
-	var subnet6Str string
+	log.Printf("[TUN] ipv4 addr=%s/%d subnet=%s server=%s", serverIP.String(), prefix, ipNet.String(), serverIP.String())
 	if ipNet6 != nil {
-		subnet6Str = ipNet6.String()
+		log.Printf("[TUN] ipv6 addr=%s/%d subnet=%s server=%s", serverIP6.String(), prefix6, ipNet6.String(), serverIP6.String())
-	}
-	configureFirewall(subnet4, subnet6Str, tun.Name())
-
-	log.Printf("VPN 服务已启动: tun=%s subnet=%s server=%s", tun.Name(), ipNet.String(), serverIP.String())
-	if ipNet6 != nil {
-		log.Printf("  IPv6: subnet=%s server=%s", ipNet6.String(), serverIP6.String())
 	}
+	log.Printf("[VPN] started c2c=%v bufSize=%d", settings.AllowClientToClient, settings.MTU+64)
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -182,17 +177,49 @@ func (s *VpnService) serveTUN() {
 	for {
 		n, err := tun.Iface.Read(packet)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Printf("TUN 读取结束: %v", err)
+			log.Printf("[TUN-RX] read ended: %v", err)
 			close(done)
 			return
 		}
 		if n < 1 {
 			continue
 		}
-		targets := switchx.RouteFromTUN(packet[:n])
+		pkt := packet[:n]
-		for _, t := range targets {
+		srcIP, destIP, ok := parseIPAddrs(pkt)
-			_ = t.WritePacket(packet[:n])
+		if ok {
+			log.Printf("[TUN-RX] size=%d proto=%s src=%s dst=%s", n, protoName(pkt), srcIP, destIP)
+		} else {
+			log.Printf("[TUN-RX] size=%d parse=fail", n)
 		}
+		iterStart := time.Now()
+		targets := switchx.RouteFromTUN(pkt)
+		for _, t := range targets {
+			_ = t.WritePacket(pkt)
+		}
+		if iterDur := time.Since(iterStart); iterDur > 10*time.Millisecond {
+			log.Printf("[TUN-RX] slow write iterMs=%d targets=%d size=%d", iterDur.Milliseconds(), len(targets), n)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *VpnService) startStatsLogger() {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	var lastRx, lastTx int64
+	for range ticker.C {
+		if !s.Running() {
+			return
+		}
+		rx, tx := s.TotalLiveTraffic()
+		rxRate := rx - lastRx
+		txRate := tx - lastTx
+		s.mu.RLock()
+		n := len(s.clients)
+		s.mu.RUnlock()
+		log.Printf("[STATS] clients=%d totalRx=%d totalTx=%d intervalRx=%d(%dB/s) intervalTx=%d(%dB/s)",
+			n, rx, tx, rxRate, rxRate/10, txRate, txRate/10)
+		lastRx = rx
+		lastTx = tx
 	}
 }
 
@@ -218,7 +245,7 @@ func (s *VpnService) Stop() error {
 			<-done
 		}
 	}
-	log.Printf("VPN 服务已停止")
+	log.Printf("[VPN] stopped")
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -250,9 +277,15 @@ func (s *VpnService) WriteToTUN(packet []byte) error {
 	tun := s.tun
 	s.mu.RUnlock()
 	if tun == nil {
+		log.Printf("[TUN-TX] size=%d ok=false err=TUN not ready", len(packet))
 		return errors.New("TUN 未就绪")
 	}
 	_, err := tun.Iface.Write(packet)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[TUN-TX] size=%d ok=false err=%v", len(packet), err)
+	} else {
+		log.Printf("[TUN-TX] size=%d ok=true", len(packet))
+	}
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -374,26 +407,10 @@ func (s *VpnService) ClientList() []ClientInfo {
 }
 
 type ClientInfo struct {
-	UserID      uint   `json:"user_id"`
 	Username    string `json:"username"`
 	IP          string `json:"ip"`
 	IP6         string `json:"ip6,omitempty"`
 	ConnectedAt string `json:"connected_at"`
 }
 
-func (s *VpnService) KickUser(userID uint) int {
-	s.mu.RLock()
-	var toClose []*tunnelConn
-	for c := range s.clients {
-		if c.user.ID == userID {
-			toClose = append(toClose, c)
-		}
-	}
-	s.mu.RUnlock()
-	for _, c := range toClose {
-		c.close()
-	}
-	return len(toClose)
-}
-
 var VPN *VpnService

internal/vpn/switch.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package vpn
 
 import (
+	"log"
 	"net"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -106,14 +107,14 @@ func parseIPAddrs(packet []byte) (src, dest net.IP, ok bool) {
 	return nil, nil, false
 }
 
-// dropPacket is a sentinel non-nil, non-empty slice that signals the caller
+func protoName(packet []byte) string {
-// to silently drop the packet (do not write to TUN, do not relay).
+	if waterutil.IsIPv4(packet) {
-var dropPacket = []SwitchConn{nil}
+		return "IPv4"
-
+	}
-// isDrop returns true if the result from RouteFromClient indicates the packet
+	if waterutil.IsIPv6(packet) {
-// should be silently dropped rather than forwarded to TUN or relayed.
+		return "IPv6"
-func isDrop(targets []SwitchConn) bool {
+	}
-	return len(targets) == 1 && targets[0] == nil
+	return "unknown"
 }
 
 func (s *PacketSwitch) allowC2C() bool {
@@ -123,49 +124,70 @@ func (s *PacketSwitch) allowC2C() bool {
 	return v
 }
 
-// RouteFromClient returns the list of target connections to relay the packet to.
-// Returns nil to indicate the packet should be written to TUN (internet-bound).
-// Returns dropPacket to indicate the packet should be silently dropped (e.g. anti-spoof).
 func (s *PacketSwitch) RouteFromClient(src SwitchConn, packet []byte) []SwitchConn {
 	srcIP, dest, ok := parseIPAddrs(packet)
 	if !ok {
-		return dropPacket
+		log.Printf("[ROUTE] client->? parse failed size=%d", len(packet))
+		return nil
 	}
+	proto := protoName(packet)
 	// anti-spoof: enforce assigned source IP by version
 	if srcIP != nil {
 		if srcIP.To4() != nil {
 			if !srcIP.Equal(src.AssignedIP()) {
-				return dropPacket
+				log.Printf("[ROUTE] anti-spoof drop src=%s expected=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d",
+					srcIP, src.AssignedIP(), dest, proto, len(packet))
+				return nil
 			}
 		} else {
 			assigned6 := src.AssignedIP6()
 			if assigned6 == nil || !srcIP.Equal(assigned6) {
-				return dropPacket
+				log.Printf("[ROUTE] anti-spoof drop src=%s expected=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d",
+					srcIP, assigned6, dest, proto, len(packet))
+				return nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	if dest.IsGlobalUnicast() {
 		if c := s.findByIP(dest); c != nil && s.allowC2C() {
+			log.Printf("[ROUTE] client->relay src=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d",
+				src.AssignedIP(), dest, proto, len(packet))
 			return []SwitchConn{c}
 		}
+		log.Printf("[ROUTE] client->tun src=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d",
+			src.AssignedIP(), dest, proto, len(packet))
 		return nil
 	}
 	if s.allowC2C() {
-		return s.allExcept(src)
+		targets := s.allExcept(src)
+		log.Printf("[ROUTE] client->broadcast src=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d targets=%d",
+			src.AssignedIP(), dest, proto, len(packet), len(targets))
+		return targets
 	}
-	return dropPacket
+	log.Printf("[ROUTE] client->drop(broadcast,c2c off) src=%s dst=%s proto=%s size=%d",
+		src.AssignedIP(), dest, proto, len(packet))
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (s *PacketSwitch) RouteFromTUN(packet []byte) []SwitchConn {
 	_, dest, ok := parseIPAddrs(packet)
 	if !ok {
+		log.Printf("[ROUTE] TUN->? parse failed size=%d", len(packet))
 		return nil
 	}
+	proto := protoName(packet)
 	if dest.IsGlobalUnicast() {
 		if c := s.findByIP(dest); c != nil {
+			log.Printf("[ROUTE] TUN->client dst=%s proto=%s size=%d found=true",
+				dest, proto, len(packet))
 			return []SwitchConn{c}
 		}
+		log.Printf("[ROUTE] TUN->client dst=%s proto=%s size=%d found=false",
+			dest, proto, len(packet))
 		return nil
 	}
-	return s.allExcept(nil)
+	targets := s.allExcept(nil)
+	log.Printf("[ROUTE] TUN->broadcast dst=%s proto=%s size=%d targets=%d",
+		dest, proto, len(packet), len(targets))
+	return targets
 }

internal/vpn/tun_darwin.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package vpn
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"net"
 )
 
@@ -32,5 +33,11 @@ func (t *TUNInterface) AddSubnetRoute(subnet *net.IPNet) error {
 }
 
 func (t *TUNInterface) SetMTU(mtu int) error {
-	return execCmd("ifconfig", t.Name(), "mtu", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mtu))
+	err := execCmd("ifconfig", t.Name(), "mtu", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mtu))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[TUN] set MTU dev=%s mtu=%d ok=false err=%v", t.Name(), mtu, err)
+	} else {
+		log.Printf("[TUN] set MTU dev=%s mtu=%d ok=true", t.Name(), mtu)
+	}
+	return err
 }

internal/vpn/tun_linux.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package vpn
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"net"
 )
 
@@ -28,5 +29,11 @@ func (t *TUNInterface) AddSubnetRoute(subnet *net.IPNet) error {
 }
 
 func (t *TUNInterface) SetMTU(mtu int) error {
-	return execCmd("ip", "link", "set", "dev", t.Name(), "mtu", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mtu))
+	err := execCmd("ip", "link", "set", "dev", t.Name(), "mtu", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mtu))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[TUN] set MTU dev=%s mtu=%d ok=false err=%v", t.Name(), mtu, err)
+	} else {
+		log.Printf("[TUN] set MTU dev=%s mtu=%d ok=true", t.Name(), mtu)
+	}
+	return err
 }

internal/vpn/tunnel.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const (
 	readyTimeout    = 30 * time.Second
 	pingPeriod      = 30 * time.Second
 	maxMessageSize  = 1 << 20
+	maxConnsPerUser = 3
 )
 
 var (
@@ -40,22 +41,42 @@ type tunnelConn struct {
 	ready       atomic.Bool
 	rxBytes     atomic.Int64
 	txBytes     atomic.Int64
+	rxPkts      atomic.Int64
+	txPkts      atomic.Int64
 }
 
 func (c *tunnelConn) AssignedIP() net.IP  { return c.assignedIP }
 func (c *tunnelConn) AssignedIP6() net.IP { return c.assignedIP6 }
 
+func (c *tunnelConn) label() string {
+	s := "user=" + c.user.Username + " ip=" + c.assignedIP.String()
+	if c.assignedIP6 != nil {
+		s += " ip6=" + c.assignedIP6.String()
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
 func (c *tunnelConn) WritePacket(data []byte) error {
 	if !c.ready.Load() || len(data) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
+	lockStart := time.Now()
 	c.writeMu.Lock()
+	lockWait := time.Since(lockStart)
 	defer c.writeMu.Unlock()
 	c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(writeTimeout))
-	if err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.BinaryMessage, data); err != nil {
+	writeStart := time.Now()
+	err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.BinaryMessage, data)
+	writeDur := time.Since(writeStart)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[WS-TX] %s size=%d lockWaitMs=%d writeMs=%d ok=false err=%v",
+			c.label(), len(data), lockWait.Milliseconds(), writeDur.Milliseconds(), err)
 		return err
 	}
 	c.txBytes.Add(int64(len(data)))
+	c.txPkts.Add(1)
+	log.Printf("[WS-TX] %s size=%d lockWaitMs=%d writeMs=%d ok=true",
+		c.label(), len(data), lockWait.Milliseconds(), writeDur.Milliseconds())
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -78,7 +99,6 @@ func (c *tunnelConn) close() {
 
 func (c *tunnelConn) info() ClientInfo {
 	ci := ClientInfo{
-		UserID:      c.user.ID,
 		Username:    c.user.Username,
 		IP:          c.assignedIP.String(),
 		ConnectedAt: c.connectedAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
@@ -98,11 +118,7 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 	}
 
 	activeConnsMu.Lock()
-	maxConns := VPN.Settings().MaxConnsPerUser
+	if activeConns[user.ID] >= maxConnsPerUser {
-	if maxConns <= 0 {
-		maxConns = 30
-	}
-	if activeConns[user.ID] >= maxConns {
 		activeConnsMu.Unlock()
 		_ = sendJSON(conn, controlMessage{Type: "error", Message: "连接数已达上限"})
 		return
@@ -154,13 +170,13 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 		initMsg.ServerIP6 = VPN.ServerIP6().String()
 	}
 	if err := tc.writeControl(initMsg); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("用户 %s 发送 init 失败: %v", user.Username, err)
+		log.Printf("[CONN] init failed %s err=%v", tc.label(), err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	log.Printf("用户 %s 已连接，分配 IP %s", user.Username, ip4.String())
+	log.Printf("[CONN] init sent %s mtu=%d prefix=%d server=%s", tc.label(), settings.MTU, VPN.Prefix(), VPN.ServerIP().String())
 	if ip6 != nil {
-		log.Printf("  IPv6: %s", ip6.String())
+		log.Printf("[CONN] init6 sent %s ip6=%s prefix6=%d server6=%s", tc.label(), ip6.String(), VPN.Prefix6(), VPN.ServerIP6().String())
 	}
 
 	conn.SetReadLimit(maxMessageSize)
@@ -174,12 +190,32 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 			tc.writeMu.Lock()
 			if err := conn.WriteControl(websocket.PingMessage, nil, time.Now().Add(writeTimeout)); err != nil {
 				tc.writeMu.Unlock()
+				log.Printf("[PING] failed %s err=%v", tc.label(), err)
 				return
 			}
 			tc.writeMu.Unlock()
 		}
 	}()
 
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		var lastRx, lastTx int64
+		for range ticker.C {
+			if !tc.ready.Load() {
+				return
+			}
+			rx := tc.rxBytes.Load()
+			tx := tc.txBytes.Load()
+			rxRate := rx - lastRx
+			txRate := tx - lastTx
+			log.Printf("[CONN] stats %s rxBytes=%d txBytes=%d rxRate=%dB/s txRate=%dB/s rxPkts=%d txPkts=%d",
+				tc.label(), rx, tx, rxRate/10, txRate/10, tc.rxPkts.Load(), tc.txPkts.Load())
+			lastRx = rx
+			lastTx = tx
+		}
+	}()
+
 	conn.SetPongHandler(func(string) error {
 		conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(readTimeout))
 		return nil
@@ -188,7 +224,10 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 	for {
 		messageType, data, err := conn.ReadMessage()
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Printf("用户 %s 断开连接: %v", user.Username, err)
+			duration := time.Since(tc.connectedAt)
+			log.Printf("[CONN] disconnected %s duration=%s rxBytes=%d txBytes=%d rxPkts=%d txPkts=%d err=%v",
+				tc.label(), duration.Round(time.Second), tc.rxBytes.Load(), tc.txBytes.Load(),
+				tc.rxPkts.Load(), tc.txPkts.Load(), err)
 			return
 		}
 
@@ -200,7 +239,7 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 			if msg.Type == "ready" && !tc.ready.Load() {
 				tc.ready.Store(true)
 				conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(readTimeout))
-				log.Printf("用户 %s 就绪 (IP %s)", user.Username, ip4.String())
+				log.Printf("[CONN] ready %s", tc.label())
 			}
 			continue
 		}
@@ -211,7 +250,7 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 
 		if !tc.ready.Load() {
 			if time.Now().After(readyDeadline) {
-				log.Printf("用户 %s 等待 ready 超时", user.Username)
+				log.Printf("[CONN] ready timeout %s", tc.label())
 				return
 			}
 			conn.SetReadDeadline(readyDeadline)
@@ -219,14 +258,20 @@ func runTunnel(conn *websocket.Conn, user *model.User) {
 		}
 
 		tc.rxBytes.Add(int64(len(data)))
+		tc.rxPkts.Add(1)
+
+		srcIP, destIP, ok := parseIPAddrs(data)
+		if ok {
+			log.Printf("[WS-RX] %s size=%d proto=%s src=%s dst=%s",
+				tc.label(), len(data), protoName(data), srcIP, destIP)
+		} else {
+			log.Printf("[WS-RX] %s size=%d parse=fail", tc.label(), len(data))
+		}
 
 		targets := VPN.RouteFromClient(tc, data)
-		if isDrop(targets) {
-			continue
-		}
 		if len(targets) == 0 {
 			if err := VPN.WriteToTUN(data); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("用户 %s 写入 TUN 失败: %v", user.Username, err)
+				log.Printf("[WS-RX] %s action=tun err=%v size=%d", tc.label(), err, len(data))
 			}
 			continue
 		}