Merge origin/master into worktree/worktree-local-lefthook-20260727

2026-07-27 20:02:39 +08:00
parent 3a69e7a2d8 ee1bf2764a
commit 054ee9f2cc
189 changed files with 3897 additions and 2382 deletions
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md: 284cd45a66294dbc9e8207a1e00e9642d32d4e58
-2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.zh.md: 9486f8c35c5060150b072fb673acca5d4167ec1a
+2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md: 556d5dd86dfcc92c4628e68c19390f0033560d25
+2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.zh.md: 9d67797f86903e70e7bdcd6f80f19d17c41ac18e
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Three deliberate choices:

 1. **The model-facing tool omits `stdin` and `env`.** Shell syntax already covers those needs, so duplicate parameters would add surface without authority separation. The tool builds requests only from declared model arguments, signal, and owner; trusted in-process callers may set the seam fields directly. Harness-owned variables use the separate `dshEnv` channel from the [managed environment decision](../feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md), so ordinary `env` cannot replace them.

-2. **`env` merges AFTER the credential scrub, so an explicit caller entry wins even on a credential-shaped name.** The later managed-namespace decision reserves `DSH_*`: ambient entries are removed, ordinary `env` cannot set them, and trusted `dshEnv` merges last. The complete order is `scrub(process.env, including DSH_*)` → `ENV_OVERRIDES` → ordinary `env` → `dshEnv`.
+2. **`env` merges AFTER the credential scrub, so an explicit caller entry wins even on a credential-shaped name.** The later managed-namespace decision manages `DSH_*`: ambient entries are removed, and trusted `dshEnv` merges last, so an ordinary `env` entry can never displace a managed value. The complete order is `scrub(process.env, including DSH_*)` → `ENV_OVERRIDES` → ordinary `env` → `dshEnv`.

 3. **`stdin`/`env` are required-absent-OK (plain optional) on the resolved spec, NOT required-but-nullable like `owner`.** `owner` is required-but-nullable because a *silently* missing owner yields an unowned, cross-session-readable task — a security footgun that a visible `undefined` guards against. `stdin`/`env` have no such hazard: a missing one means "no stdin / no extra env", which is the safe, ordinary case (every model-driven call). So they stay plain optionals, matching `signal`.

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Status: implemented

 1. **模型侧工具不暴露 `stdin` 和 `env`。** Shell 语法已覆盖这些需求，重复参数只会增加接口面而不带来权限隔离。工具仅从声明的模型参数、signal 和 owner 构建请求；受信的进程内调用方可以直接设置 seam 字段。harness 自有变量使用[托管环境决策](../feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md)规定的独立 `dshEnv` 通道，因此普通 `env` 无法替换它们。

-2. **`env` 在凭证擦除之后合并，因此调用方显式设置的条目即使具有凭证形态的名称也会胜出。** 后续的托管命名空间决策保留 `DSH_*`：环境条目会被移除，普通 `env` 无法设置它们，受信的 `dshEnv` 最后合并。完整顺序为 `scrub(process.env, including DSH_*)` → `ENV_OVERRIDES` → 普通 `env` → `dshEnv`。
+2. **`env` 在凭证擦除之后合并，因此调用方显式设置的条目即使具有凭证形态的名称也会胜出。** 后续的托管命名空间决策托管 `DSH_*`：环境条目会被移除，受信的 `dshEnv` 最后合并，因此普通 `env` 条目永远无法顶掉托管值。完整顺序为 `scrub(process.env, including DSH_*)` → `ENV_OVERRIDES` → 普通 `env` → `dshEnv`。

 3. **`stdin`/`env` 在已解析 spec 上是 required-absent-OK（普通 optional），而非像 `owner` 那样 required-but-nullable。** `owner` 之所以是 required-but-nullable，是因为*静默*缺失的 owner 会产生一个无主、跨会话可读的任务——一个安全隐患，显式的 `undefined` 可以防范。`stdin`/`env` 没有这种风险：缺失意味着「无 stdin / 无额外 env」，这是安全的常规情况（所有模型驱动的调用都如此）。因此它们保持普通 optional，与 `signal` 一致。

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.md: 11d4b8cd48dd345d2324b63e01bd726f12d846b4
-2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.zh.md: 334914c689adf54a654c5907395c29ceeeb50891
+2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.md: 63463a76a65743436d4e78479800c19e257a42de
+2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.zh.md: c3d3cdf1c63813fc24c10727e42d326142f3f4de
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ English | [中文](2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.zh.md)

 Timeout handling was drifting apart across the tool-bearing capabilities, and the divergence was not superficial — it was the same logic re-implemented three ways, each with its own subtle correctness burden.

- **bash** ([packages/bash/bash-local/src/run.ts](../../../../packages/bash/bash-local/src/run.ts)) had a full, correct timeout inside the process plumbing: a config-clamped `timeoutMs`, two independent triggers — a `killTimer` for the timeout and an `onAbort` listener for upstream cancellation — each calling one `kill()` closure that escalates SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL on the process group, and two orthogonal outcome booleans (`timedOut`, `aborted`) latched independently.
+- **bash** (then in the bash-local implementation's `run.ts`) had a full, correct timeout inside the process plumbing: a config-clamped `timeoutMs`, two independent triggers — a `killTimer` for the timeout and an `onAbort` listener for upstream cancellation — each calling one `kill()` closure that escalates SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL on the process group, and two orthogonal outcome booleans (`timedOut`, `aborted`) latched independently. After this consolidation, the plumbing — today [packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/spawn.ts](../../../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/spawn.ts) — only reacts to aborts; [packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts](../../../../packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts) owns the fused deadline and the `timedOut`/`aborted` classification.
 - **web_fetch** ([packages/web/web-fetch-local/src/provider.ts](../../../../packages/web/web-fetch-local/src/provider.ts)) had a correct but *hand-rolled* timeout: it constructed an `AbortController`, wired `setTimeout(() => controller.abort(new WebError(…, 'WEB_FETCH_TIMEOUT')))`, manually added and removed the upstream-signal listener, cleared the timer in a `finally`, and recovered the timeout reason from `signal.reason` in a `translateAbortOrNetwork` helper because the reader surfaces a bare `AbortError`.
 - **web_search** ([packages/web/tool-web/src/search.ts](../../../../packages/web/tool-web/src/search.ts)) had **no timeout at all**: `WebSearchRequest` ([packages/web/web/src/types.ts](../../../../packages/web/web/src/types.ts)) carries no `timeoutMs` field, and each provider's `search()` only forwards `exec.signal`. (web_search stays untimed here — see Consequences.)

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Status: implemented

 超时处理在各个承载工具的能力之间逐渐分化，而且这种分化并非表面的：同一套逻辑被以三种方式重新实现，各自带有微妙的正确性负担。

- **bash**（[packages/bash/bash-local/src/run.ts](../../../../packages/bash/bash-local/src/run.ts)）在进程管道内部有一套完整、正确的超时实现：一个经配置钳位的 `timeoutMs`，两个独立触发器（用于超时的 `killTimer` 和用于上游取消的 `onAbort` 监听器），各自调用同一个 `kill()` 闭包对进程组执行 SIGTERM→宽限期→SIGKILL 升级，以及两个正交的结果布尔值（`timedOut`、`aborted`）独立锁存。
+- **bash**（当时位于 bash-local 实现的 `run.ts`）在进程管道内部有一套完整、正确的超时实现：一个经配置钳位的 `timeoutMs`，两个独立触发器（用于超时的 `killTimer` 和用于上游取消的 `onAbort` 监听器），各自调用同一个 `kill()` 闭包对进程组执行 SIGTERM→宽限期→SIGKILL 升级，以及两个正交的结果布尔值（`timedOut`、`aborted`）独立锁存。经此次整合之后，这套管道——今天位于 [packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/spawn.ts](../../../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/spawn.ts)——只响应中止；[packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts](../../../../packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts) 拥有融合的 deadline 以及 `timedOut`/`aborted` 分类。
 - **web_fetch**（[packages/web/web-fetch-local/src/provider.ts](../../../../packages/web/web-fetch-local/src/provider.ts)）有一套正确但*手写*的超时：构造一个 `AbortController`，连接 `setTimeout(() => controller.abort(new WebError(…, 'WEB_FETCH_TIMEOUT')))`，手动添加和移除上游信号监听器，在 `finally` 中清除定时器，并在 `translateAbortOrNetwork` 辅助函数中从 `signal.reason` 恢复超时原因（因为 reader 只抛出裸 `AbortError`）。
 - **web_search**（[packages/web/tool-web/src/search.ts](../../../../packages/web/tool-web/src/search.ts)）**完全没有超时**：`WebSearchRequest`（[packages/web/web/src/types.ts](../../../../packages/web/web/src/types.ts)）不携带 `timeoutMs` 字段，各提供方的 `search()` 只转发 `exec.signal`。（web_search 在本次设计中保持无超时——见「后果」。）

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
+# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
+# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
+2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md: b31f69f1251a7219e168ed7800ba16ff7d6b328c
+2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.zh.md: 47e7519a72f5482f255d15d87b483e9295f6cd2c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Agent Note: The subprocess seam goes Node-shaped and every eligible spawner rides it
+
+Status: implemented
+
+English | [中文](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.zh.md)
+
+## Problem
+
+The [subprocess seam](2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.md) shipped shaped for exactly one consumer family: batch-collected stdout/stderr, batch stdin, a single escalating `kill()`. That was deliberate scope control, and its own note records "migrate the other spawn sites" as rejected-for-now. Review on the introducing PR reversed that deferral: the stacked follow-up should reshape the interface toward Node's API and move the remaining process-running places onto the service. The remaining spawners each carried a private copy of some slice of the same mechanics — lsp-local had its own detached-tree signalling (POSIX group + Windows taskkill + liveness polling), subagent-subprocess had the dispose ladder and its own scrub, mcp-client and pty-local and the SDK helper each had a third/fourth/fifth copy of the credential scrub — and none of it was swappable or centrally testable.
+
+## Decision
+
+The seam's vocabulary is now Node-shaped, and every spawner that can ride the service does:
+
+- **Per-stream stdio dispositions** on `SubprocessSpawnSpec`: `'pipe'` (the raw `Readable`/`Writable`, for consumer-owned protocol framing), `'inherit'` (diagnostics to the parent's stream), and collect mode `{ maxBytes, spill? }` — the original bounded tail-keep shape, with the spill file now optional so a diagnostic tail (a language server's stderr) buffers without touching disk. stdin is `'ignore'`, `'pipe'`, or `{ data }` (write-and-close batch).
+- **`SubprocessOutcome` carries exit facts only** (Node's close-event vocabulary); collected output stays readable through `handle.collected` after settlement (spill fds seal at the settle boundary), so batch and streaming callers share one access path and nothing is copied into the outcome.
+- **Tree-scoped termination behind one verb**: `terminate()` owns the SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL escalation (serves the spec's abort signal too, and is a no-op once the tree is gone) — the handle exposes no single-signal `kill(signal?)`, so a consumer cannot skip the grace window; `waitForExit()` polls tree liveness (POSIX group probe; direct-child boundary on Windows); Windows tree termination (`taskkill /T`, injectable) moved in from lsp-local, so tree semantics are platform-correct for every consumer. (The stdin-EOF-first dispose ladder initially absorbed from `subagent-subprocess` later moved back out to its one consumer — see the [ladder-ownership Agent Note](2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.md).)
+- **One scrub definition**: `scrubbedParentEnv()`/`SENSITIVE_ENV_PATTERN` live on the seam. Spawners that cannot route the spawn itself through the service — pty-local (node-pty owns the fork) and mcp-client (the MCP SDK owns the transport spawn) — import the function, so environment policy is single-sourced even where process ownership is not; the SDK helper's `scrubEnvironment()` defaults through it as well.
+
+Migrations landed with the reshape: **bash-local/bash-sandbox** (collect modes + batch stdin; the bash `kill()` maps to `terminate()` so `task_kill` keeps escalation semantics), **lsp-local** (piped protocol streams + a no-spill collected stderr tail; `LspConnection` takes the seam's spawn function; its private tree-op helpers deleted), **subagent-acp** (piped ndjson streams + inherited stderr; spawn failure surfaces through `done` rejection into the same startup race; disposal is the backend-owned `disposeAcpChild` ladder over the seam's verbs, with the plugin's configured graces). **`dsh-subagent-subprocess` is deleted** — the dispose ladder and scrub are the seam's; the unused isolated-config-dir helper died with it (no consumer existed).
+
+Compositions mounting lsp-local or subagent-acp now load `dsh-subprocess-local` (the plugins inject `'subprocess'`); the acp/lsp test fixtures gained the row.
+
+## Alternatives considered
+
+**Keep the batch-only seam and let stream consumers stay bespoke.** The introducing note's position, rejected by review: it leaves three private copies of tree signalling and five of the scrub, and any future runner (containerized executor, remote process host) would have to pick which private copy to fork. The Node-shaped dispositions cover all three observed stream shapes without widening the outcome type or buffering piped streams.
+
+**A single `stdio: 'pipe' | 'inherit' | 'collect'` mode for all three streams at once.** Rejected: real consumers mix modes per stream (lsp: pipe/pipe/collect; acp: pipe/pipe/inherit; bash: data/collect/collect). Per-stream dispositions are exactly Node's shape and avoid a second spawn call for the mixed cases.
+
+**Migrate pty-local and mcp-client spawns too.** Rejected on ownership grounds, not scope: node-pty's `fork()` allocates the terminal itself, and the MCP SDK's `StdioClientTransport` spawns internally — neither call site is ours to route. They adopt the shared scrub (the part that is policy), and their READMEs say why the spawn stays put.
+
+**Migrate the test-support launchers (acp-snapshot, loader-smoke) and the SDK package-manager runner.** Rejected: the support packages are deliberately dependency-light test infrastructure that must not depend on product seams, and the SDK wizard's `stdio: 'inherit'`-with-redirect semantics plus its out-of-composition lifecycle (no cordis context at all) make the service a poor fit; it shares the scrub instead.
+
+## Consequences
+
+Bought: one implementation of tree signalling, escalation, bounded collection, and the scrub, tested once in `dsh-subprocess-local`'s suites (including injected-platform Windows coverage that lsp-local's private copy never had); lsp-local and subagent-acp shed their process plumbing and their children now survive plugin reloads and die with composition teardown like bash's; a whole package (`dsh-subagent-subprocess`) is gone. The seam README's "one consumer family" limitation is retired.
+
+Cost: the seam is wider — three stdio modes and the terminate/waitForExit/dispose lifecycle surface instead of one mode and one verb — so a future backend implements more surface; the compositions for lsp-local/subagent-acp each carry the subprocess row now; and `SubprocessOutcome` no longer carries output, a breaking shape change inside the still-unreleased stack (the PR2 layer was updated in place rather than shimmed, per the pre-release stance). pty-local/mcp-client/SDK/test-support spawns remain outside the service by ownership, with the scrub as the shared floor.
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Agent Note: 进程 seam 转向 Node 形状，所有具备条件的 spawn 调用点一并迁入
+
+Status: implemented
+
+[English](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md) | 中文
+
+## 问题
+
+[进程 seam](2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.md) 交付时恰好只为一个消费方家族塑形：批量收集的 stdout/stderr、批量 stdin、单一的升级式 `kill()`。那是有意的范围控制，其自身的 Agent Note 也把「迁移其余 spawn 调用点」记为暂缓否决项。引入该 seam 的 PR（Pull Request）上的评审推翻了这一暂缓决定：堆叠其上的后续变更应当把接口向 Node 的 API 方向重塑，并把其余运行进程之处迁到该服务上。其余各 spawn 调用点此前各自持有同一套机制中某个切片的私有副本——lsp-local 自带 detached 进程树信号发送（POSIX 进程组 + Windows taskkill + 存活轮询），subagent-subprocess 自带 dispose（资源释放）阶梯和自己的凭据清除，mcp-client、pty-local 与 SDK helper 则各自持有凭据清除的第三、第四、第五份副本——而这一切既不可替换，也无法集中测试。
+
+## 决策
+
+这道 seam 的词汇如今已是 Node 形状，凡能接入该服务的 spawn 调用点均已迁入：
+
+- **按流划分的 stdio 处置方式（disposition）**，位于 `SubprocessSpawnSpec` 上：`'pipe'`（原始的 `Readable`/`Writable`，供消费方自有的协议分帧使用）、`'inherit'`（诊断输出直通父进程的流），以及收集模式（collect）`{ maxBytes, spill? }`——即最初的有界尾部保留形状，只是 spill 文件改为可选，使诊断尾部（例如语言服务器的 stderr）无需落盘即可缓冲。stdin 则为 `'ignore'`、`'pipe'` 或 `{ data }`（写完即关闭的批量形式）。
+- **`SubprocessOutcome` 只承载退出事实**（Node close 事件的词汇）；收集到的输出在结算后仍可经 `handle.collected` 读取（spill 文件描述符在结算边界封存），因此批量与流式调用方共用一条访问路径，也没有任何内容被复制进这份结果。
+- **以进程树为范围的终止，集中在一个动词后面**：`terminate()` 拥有 SIGTERM→宽限期→SIGKILL 升级（也承接 spec 的 abort 信号，进程树消亡后为空操作）——句柄不暴露单信号的 `kill(signal?)`，因此消费方无法跳过宽限窗口；`waitForExit()` 轮询进程树存活状态（POSIX 进程组探测；Windows 上以直接子进程为界）。Windows 进程树终止（`taskkill /T`，可注入）自 lsp-local 迁入，因此每个消费方拿到的进程树语义在各平台上都正确。（最初从 `subagent-subprocess` 吸收的以 stdin EOF 打头的 dispose 阶梯，后来又移回其唯一消费方——见[阶梯归属 Agent Note](2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.md)。）
+- **凭据清除只有一份定义**：`scrubbedParentEnv()`/`SENSITIVE_ENV_PATTERN` 定义在 seam 上。无法把 spawn 本身路由到该服务的调用点——pty-local（node-pty 拥有 fork）与 mcp-client（MCP SDK 拥有传输层的 spawn）——改为导入该函数，因此即便进程所有权无法统一，环境策略仍是单一来源；SDK helper 的 `scrubEnvironment()` 默认同样委托给它。
+
+各项迁移随这次重塑一并落地：**bash-local/bash-sandbox**（收集模式 + 批量 stdin；bash 的 `kill()` 映射到 `terminate()`，因此 `task_kill` 保有升级语义），**lsp-local**（管道化的协议流 + 无 spill 的 stderr 收集尾部；`LspConnection` 改为接收 seam 的 spawn 函数；其私有的进程树操作辅助函数已删除），**subagent-acp**（管道化的 ndjson 流 + inherit 的 stderr；spawn 失败经 `done` 的 reject 汇入同一个启动竞态；dispose 是后端自有的 `disposeAcpChild` 阶梯，经由 seam 的动词运行，携带插件所配置的宽限期）。**`dsh-subagent-subprocess` 已删除**——dispose 阶梯与凭据清除归 seam 所有；无人使用的隔离配置目录辅助函数随之消亡（其消费方本就不存在）。
+
+挂载 lsp-local 或 subagent-acp 的组合如今都加载 `dsh-subprocess-local`（这两个插件注入 `'subprocess'`）；acp/lsp 测试 fixture（测试前置数据）补上了这一行组合配置。
+
+## 曾考虑的替代方案
+
+**保持只支持批量的 seam，让流式消费方继续各自为政。**这正是引入该 seam 的 Agent Note 当初的立场，评审将其否决：这样会留下三份进程树信号发送的私有副本和五份凭据清除的私有副本，而未来任何运行器（容器化执行器、远程进程宿主）都得挑选去 fork 哪一份私有副本。Node 形状的处置方式覆盖已观察到的全部三种流形状，既不拓宽结果类型，也不缓冲管道化的流。
+
+**用单个 `stdio: 'pipe' | 'inherit' | 'collect'` 模式一次性统辖全部三条流。**否决：真实消费方按流混用模式（lsp：pipe/pipe/collect；acp：pipe/pipe/inherit；bash：data/collect/collect）。按流划分的处置方式恰好就是 Node 的形状，也免去了混用场景的第二个 spawn 调用。
+
+**把 pty-local 与 mcp-client 的 spawn 也一并迁移。**基于所有权而非范围否决：node-pty 的 `fork()` 自行分配终端，MCP SDK 的 `StdioClientTransport` 在内部完成 spawn——这两处调用点都不归我们路由。它们采纳共享的凭据清除（那正是属于策略的部分），并在各自的 README 中说明 spawn 为何留在原地。
+
+**迁移 test-support 启动器（acp-snapshot、loader-smoke）与 SDK package-manager 运行器。**否决：support 各包（package）是刻意保持轻依赖的测试基础设施，不得依赖产品 seam；而 SDK 向导那套附带重定向的 `stdio: 'inherit'` 语义，加上其完全脱离组合的生命周期（根本没有 cordis 上下文），使该服务并不合用；它改为共享凭据清除。
+
+## 后果
+
+换来的是：进程树信号发送、升级、有界收集与凭据清除各自只剩一份实现，且只在 `dsh-subprocess-local` 的测试套件中测试一次（其中包括 lsp-local 的私有副本从未有过的、以注入平台方式实现的 Windows 覆盖）；lsp-local 与 subagent-acp 卸下了自己的进程管道，其子进程如今像 bash 的一样，在插件重载后存活、随组合拆除而终止；一个完整的包（`dsh-subagent-subprocess`）就此消失。seam README 中「只有一个消费方家族」的限制说明也随之退役。
+
+代价是：这道 seam 变宽了（stdio 模式从一种变为三种、终止动词换成 terminate/waitForExit/dispose 这组生命周期表面），未来的后端因此要实现更宽的表面；lsp-local/subagent-acp 的各组合如今都多出 subprocess 这一行组合配置；`SubprocessOutcome` 也不再承载输出，这是仍未发布的堆叠变更内部的一次破坏性形状变更（依照预发布立场，PR2 那一层被就地更新，而非加 shim）。pty-local/mcp-client/SDK/test-support 的 spawn 因所有权归属留在该服务之外，以凭据清除作为共享底线。
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
+# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
+# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
+2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.md: ad2f8522be51ba16b0df155aeb334a88f493890f
+2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.zh.md: d9a0fb56b57b545dd1f94fde0cfb436d58fe00d4
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Agent Note: The subprocess service is its own seam under the bash executors (`dsh-subprocess` / `dsh-subprocess-local`)
+
+Status: implemented
+
+English | [中文](2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.zh.md)
+
+## Problem
+
+`dsh-bash-local` bundled two capabilities that change for different reasons: *running a bash command* (command defaulting, timeout classification, model-friendly terminal environment, the stdout/stderr merge the bash tool renders) and *running and managing a child process* (detached process groups, bounded tail-keep output with spill files, the credential scrub and `DSH_*` merge order, SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL escalation, kill-and-join disposal). The process half — `run.ts`, roughly half the package — had no seam of its own: a future non-shell runner (a direct-argv executor, a worker supervisor) would have to re-implement or reach into bash internals, and the shared `DSH_*`/`CollectedOutput` vocabulary lived in a package whose name promises shell semantics. The bundling also tied background-process lifetime to the executor's fiber: reloading the bash executor killed every live background process, unlike the sibling [task registry](2026-07-26-task-registry-seam.md), whose registrations deliberately outlive producer fibers.
+
+## Decision
+
+A new `subprocess/` capability family owns "run and manage a process"; the bash family keeps "run a bash command" and consumes it:
+
+- **`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess` (interface)** — the abstract `SubprocessService` owning `ctx.subprocess` with one method, `spawn(spec): SubprocessHandle`, and the shared vocabulary: the fully-explicit `SubprocessSpawnSpec` (argv, cwd, per-stream stdio dispositions, grace — no defaults; deployment-varying knobs stay with the calling seam's config, per the `dsh-bash` request/spec template and the no-hidden-defaults rule), `SubprocessHandle` with non-consuming offset-based readers, `SubprocessOutcome` with deliberately no timeout/cancel classification, and the shared scrub plus `DSH_ENV_PREFIX`/`DshEnvironment`/`CollectedOutput` types. `argv` is never shell-interpreted. (The [consumer-migration Agent Note](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md) later widened the stdio and termination vocabulary Node-ward.)
+- **`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` (implementation)** — `LocalSubprocessService` over the former `run.ts` plumbing (`spawn.ts`): detached groups, tail-keep truncation with private bounded spill files, credential scrub with the explicit-env merge after it, group kill escalation, and disposal that kills and joins every still-running managed process. It has no config; every limit arrives on the spec. The terminal `ENV_OVERRIDES` (`TERM=dumb` etc.) did NOT move — that is bash-tool presentation policy and stays in `dsh-bash-local`, merged through the ordinary env channel.
+- **`dsh-bash-local` (consumer)** — `inject: ['subprocess']`; maps each resolved `BashExecSpec` onto a `SubprocessSpawnSpec` (`['bash', '-c', command]`), keeps its config, `resolve()` defaulting, fused-deadline `timedOut`/`aborted` classification, the `[stderr]`-marked background read merge with its consuming cursor, and the `onProcessDone` subclass hook. `dsh-bash-sandbox` is unchanged apart from redeclaring the inherited inject; it still wraps at the command-string level and re-enters the inherited spawn path.
+- **`dsh-bash` (seam)** — re-exports the moved vocabulary from `dsh-subprocess`, so no bash consumer changes an import; `BashExecRequest`/`BashExecSpec`/`BashProcess` and the sandbox facts remain bash-owned.
+
+Every composition that loads a bash executor now also loads `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` (CLI, examples, python bundled runtime, create-sdk's bash feature resources, inline test configs).
+
+Background-process lifetime moved from the executor to the subprocess service: the executor no longer retains a live-process set, so an executor reload leaves background work running and readable, and composition teardown (the service's disposal) remains the kill-and-join boundary. One behavioral seam shifted with it: a background spawn failure can no longer be buffered as fake stderr inside the plumbing (the service rejects `done` and buffers nothing for a process that never ran), so the executor injects the `spawn failed: …` note into exactly one `readOutput()` delta.
+
+## Alternatives considered
+
+**Leave the process plumbing inside `dsh-bash-local` (status quo).** Rejected for the same reason the [task registry split](2026-07-26-task-registry-seam.md) landed: the boundary is stable and already documented in-code (`run.ts`'s module doc said "this layer reacts to an abort signal; the executor owns deadlines and classifies causes"), and keeping it private makes every future non-shell runner either fork the mechanics or depend on a bash-named package for non-bash work. The user-visible driver for this stack was exactly this split.
+
+**Migrate the repo's other spawn sites (lsp-local, pty-local, subagent-subprocess, sdk package-manager, test-support launchers) onto `ctx.subprocess` in the same change.** Rejected as scope creep with real design risk at this PR's scale: those sites have materially different stream and lifecycle needs — node-pty ownership (pty), LSP framing over long-lived stdio with tree-kill fallbacks (lsp), stdin-EOF-first disposal ladders and no output buffering (subagent transports) — and forcing them under a handle shaped for bounded batch output would either bloat the seam or misfit the consumers. The seam shipped proven against its one real consumer family, per the shape-interfaces-around-current-consumers rule. Review then asked for exactly that follow-up as a stacked PR; the [consumer-migration Agent Note](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md) records the Node-ward reshape and which sites moved (and which stayed, by ownership).
+
+**Put `run_in_background`/task semantics into the process seam instead.** Rejected: that boundary already exists — `ctx.tasks` owns ids, ownership, and notices, and the bash tool adapts a `BashProcess` into task hooks. The process seam sits *below* the bash executor, not beside the task registry.
+
+**Move `ENV_OVERRIDES` (TERM=dumb, PAGER=cat …) into the subprocess service.** Rejected: a generic subprocess service must not impose terminal presentation policy on non-terminal consumers; the ambient scrub (credential-shaped and `DSH_*` names) is a security/identity invariant and stays, but terminal friendliness is the bash tool's choice, expressed through the spec's explicit env where a caller's own entry still wins.
+
+## Consequences
+
+Bought: "run and manage a process" is a swappable capability with the standard three-package shape (consumer count starts at two: `bash-local`, `bash-sandbox`); a containerized or remote process backend slots in without touching bash semantics; the shared `DSH_*`/output vocabulary has a non-shell home; and background processes survive executor reloads, matching the task registry's lifetime model. The spawn plumbing suite moved wholesale to `dsh-subprocess-local` (argv-based, plus argv-validation and service lifecycle/disposal suites); the executor suite now pins the bash-owned layers (classification, merge, spawn-failure note, service-owned lifetime) against the real service.
+
+Cost: one more package pair and one more composition row everywhere a bash executor loads — a boot that loads an executor without the subprocess service leaves `ctx.bash` pending on `ctx.subprocess` (standard missing-service behavior). The moved-vocabulary re-exports keep `dsh-bash` imports working but mean two packages now name the same types; the subprocess seam is the owner and the bash seam documents the re-export. The spawn-failure note became single-delivery through the read path where the old plumbing retained it in the stderr buffer for repeated `readFrom(0)` reads — acceptable because the bash background read path was already a consuming cursor, and the note reaches the one reader that exists.
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Agent Note: 进程管理器是 bash 执行器之下的独立 seam（`dsh-subprocess` / `dsh-subprocess-local`）
+
+Status: implemented
+
+[English](2026-07-26-subprocess-seam.md) | 中文
+
+## 问题
+
+`dsh-bash-local` 原先把两项因不同原因而变化的能力捆绑在一起：*运行一条 bash 命令*（命令默认值补全、超时分类、对模型友好的终端环境、bash 工具所渲染的 stdout/stderr 合并）与*运行并管理一个子进程*（detached 进程组、附带 spill 文件的有界尾部保留输出、凭据清除与 `DSH_*` 合并次序、SIGTERM→宽限期→SIGKILL 升级、先终止再等待退出的 dispose（资源释放））。进程这一半（`run.ts`）约占整个包（package）的一半，却没有属于自己的 seam：未来的非 shell 运行器（直接执行 argv 的执行器、worker supervisor）将不得不重新实现这套机制，或者探入 bash 内部；而共享的 `DSH_*`/`CollectedOutput` 词汇则存放在一个名字承诺 shell 语义的包里。这种捆绑还把后台进程的存续期系在执行器的 fiber 上：重载 bash 执行器会杀死每一个存活的后台进程。这一点不同于兄弟的[任务注册表](2026-07-26-task-registry-seam.md)：后者的注册存续期刻意长于生产方 fiber。
+
+## 决策
+
+新的 `subprocess/` 能力家族拥有「运行并管理一个进程」；bash 家族保留「运行一条 bash 命令」，并成为前者的消费方：
+
+- **`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess`（接口）**——拥有 `ctx.subprocess` 的抽象 `SubprocessService`（仅一个方法：`spawn(spec): SubprocessHandle`），以及共享词汇：完全显式的 `SubprocessSpawnSpec`（argv、cwd、按流划分的 stdio 处置方式（disposition）、宽限期，一律不设默认值；随部署变化的旋钮依照 `dsh-bash` 的 request/spec 模板与无隐藏默认值规则，留在调用方 seam 的配置里）、携带基于偏移量的非消费式读取器的 `SubprocessHandle`、刻意不含超时/取消分类的 `SubprocessOutcome`，以及共享的凭据清除与 `DSH_ENV_PREFIX`/`DshEnvironment`/`CollectedOutput` 类型。`argv` 绝不经过 shell 解释。（[消费方迁移 Agent Note](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md) 其后将 stdio 与终止词汇拓宽为 Node 形状。）
+- **`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local`（实现）**——`LocalSubprocessService`，构建在原 `run.ts` 管道（现为 `spawn.ts`）之上：detached 进程组、带私有有界 spill 文件的尾部保留截断、清除之后合并显式 env 的凭据清除、进程组 kill 升级，以及会终止每个仍在运行的受管进程并等待其退出的 dispose。该实现没有任何配置；每项限制都随 spec 到达。终端相关的 `ENV_OVERRIDES`（`TERM=dumb` 等）并未迁移：那是 bash 工具的呈现策略，留在 `dsh-bash-local` 里，经普通 env 通道合并。
+- **`dsh-bash-local`（消费方）**——`inject: ['subprocess']`；把每个解析后的 `BashExecSpec` 映射为一个 `SubprocessSpawnSpec`（`['bash', '-c', command]`），并保留自身配置、`resolve()` 默认值补全、基于融合 deadline 的 `timedOut`/`aborted` 分类、带 `[stderr]` 标记的后台读取合并及其消费游标，以及 `onProcessDone` 子类钩子。`dsh-bash-sandbox` 除了重新声明继承来的 inject 之外没有变化；它仍在命令字符串层面做包装，并重新进入继承的 spawn 路径。
+- **`dsh-bash`（seam）**——把迁走的词汇从 `dsh-subprocess` 重导出，因此没有任何 bash 消费方需要改动导入；`BashExecRequest`/`BashExecSpec`/`BashProcess` 与沙箱事实仍归 bash 所有。
+
+如今，每个加载 bash 执行器的组合都同时加载 `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local`：CLI（命令行界面）、各示例、Python 捆绑运行时、create-sdk 的 bash 功能资源，以及各内联测试配置。
+
+后台进程的存续期从执行器移到了管理器：执行器不再保有存活进程集合，于是重载执行器后，后台工作会继续运行且仍可读取，而组合拆除（管理器的 dispose）仍是先终止再等待退出的边界。一条行为 seam 随之挪动：后台 spawn 失败不再能在管道内部被缓冲成伪造的 stderr（对一个从未真正运行的进程，管理器会 reject `done`，且不缓冲任何内容），因此执行器把 `spawn failed: …` 提示注入恰好一个 `readOutput()` 增量。
+
+## 曾考虑的替代方案
+
+**把进程管道留在 `dsh-bash-local` 里（维持现状）。**否决的理由与[任务注册表拆分](2026-07-26-task-registry-seam.md)得以落地的理由相同：这条边界既稳定，也早已记录在代码里（`run.ts` 的模块文档曾写明「this layer reacts to an abort signal; the executor owns deadlines and classifies causes」），而若继续将它保持私有，未来每个非 shell 运行器就只能要么 fork 这套机制，要么为非 bash 工作去依赖一个以 bash 命名的包。这组堆叠变更对用户可见的动因正是这一拆分。
+
+**在同一变更中把仓库其余 spawn 调用点（lsp-local、pty-local、subagent-subprocess、sdk package-manager、test-support 各启动器）迁到 `ctx.subprocess` 上。**在本 PR（Pull Request）的规模下，作为带有真实设计风险的范围蔓延否决。这些调用点在流与生命周期上的需求存在实质差异：node-pty 所有权（pty）、长生命周期 stdio 上的 LSP 分帧加进程树终止回退（lsp）、以 stdin EOF 打头的 dispose 阶梯和完全不缓冲输出（subagent 传输层）。把它们强行纳入一个按有界批量输出塑形的句柄之下，要么会让这道 seam 膨胀，要么会让句柄与消费方错配。依照「接口围绕当前消费方塑形」的规则，该 seam 当时在其唯一真实的消费方家族上得到验证后交付。评审随后恰恰要求以堆叠 PR 的形式完成这项后续工作；[消费方迁移 Agent Note](2026-07-26-subprocess-consumer-migration.md) 记录了向 Node 形状的重塑，以及哪些调用点迁入（哪些因所有权归属而留在原地）。
+
+**改把 `run_in_background`/任务语义放进进程 seam。**否决：那条边界已经存在。`ctx.tasks` 拥有 id、所有权与通知，bash 工具则把 `BashProcess` 适配成任务钩子。进程 seam 位于 bash 执行器*之下*，而不是与任务注册表并列。
+
+**把 `ENV_OVERRIDES`（TERM=dumb、PAGER=cat 等）移入管理器。**否决：通用进程管理器不得把终端呈现策略强加给非终端消费方；对环境中凭据形态名称与 `DSH_*` 名称的清除是安全与身份不变式，予以保留，但终端友好性是 bash 工具自己的选择，经 spec 的显式 env 表达，而调用方自己的条目依旧优先。
+
+## 后果
+
+换来的是：「运行并管理一个进程」成为一项具备标准三包形态的可替换能力（消费方起步就有两个：`bash-local`、`bash-sandbox`）；容器化或远程进程后端可以直接接入，而不触碰 bash 语义；共享的 `DSH_*`/输出词汇有了一个不带 shell 含义的归属；后台进程也能在执行器重载后存活，与任务注册表的存续期模型一致。spawn 管道测试套件整体迁至 `dsh-subprocess-local`（现以 argv 为基础，外加 argv 校验与管理器生命周期/dispose 套件）；执行器测试套件如今对着真实管理器固定 bash 所有的各层（分类、合并、spawn 失败提示、归管理器所有的存续期）。
+
+代价是：多出一对包，而且凡加载 bash 执行器之处都多一行组合配置。若某次启动加载了执行器却没有加载管理器，`ctx.bash` 会因等待 `ctx.subprocess` 而保持挂起（标准的服务缺失行为）。迁移词汇的重导出让 `dsh-bash` 的导入继续可用，但也意味着两个包如今命名同一批类型；进程 seam 是所有者，bash seam 则记录这层重导出。spawn 失败提示经由读取路径变为单次交付，而旧管道曾把它保留在 stderr 缓冲区里，供重复的 `readFrom(0)` 读取；这一点可以接受，因为 bash 的后台读取路径本就是消费游标，该提示能到达唯一存在的那个读取方。
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
+# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
+# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
+2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.md: 97b551ff509e3b424f6bf5725939cf54acc961a7
+2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.zh.md: b6849ad393737f2fef06e2007991583b12a04d7a
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Agent Note: The dispose ladder belongs to its consumer, not the subprocess seam
+
+Status: implemented
+
+English | [中文](2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.zh.md)
+
+## Problem
+
+`SubprocessHandle.dispose(graces)` and `SubprocessDisposeGraces` put a full teardown *policy* — stdin-EOF wait, then SIGTERM, then SIGKILL, each tier bounded by a caller-supplied window — on a seam whose other verbs are single mechanisms. Only one consumer ever called it (the ACP subagent backend); bash rides `terminate()` and service teardown, and the LSP host runs its own protocol-first shutdown. Every future backend nonetheless had to implement the ladder to satisfy the interface, and the implementation carried a `dsh-timeout` dependency solely for the ladder's tier bounds.
+
+## Decision
+
+The ladder moves to its one consumer. `dsh-subagent-acp` owns `disposeAcpChild(child, eofGraceMs, graceMs)`, built entirely on the seam's public verbs: close `stdin`, bound a `waitForExit` on `eofGraceMs`, then `terminate()` (whose SIGTERM→spec-grace→SIGKILL escalation already encodes the signal tiers), then a final bounded whole-tree wait that throws if survivors remain. The seam keeps `kill`/`terminate`/`waitForExit` — mechanisms, not policy — and `waitForExit(signal?)` is exactly the quiescence probe a consumer ladder needs to hold each tier on real tree exit. `dsh-subprocess-local` drops its `dsh-timeout` dependency; the seam's handle loses one method and one exported interface.
+
+## Alternatives considered
+
+**Keep the ladder on the handle as a convenience.** Rejected: a seam method every implementation must provide is not a convenience, it is contract surface — and this one encodes one consumer's cooperation shape (stdin-EOF-first) as if it were process vocabulary. The seam's own README already had to caveat that children quiescing on other signals need "their own tier-1", which is the admission that the ladder is policy.
+
+**Move the ladder to a shared helper package.** Rejected: one consumer. A second out-of-process backend with the same stdin-EOF cooperation shape can lift `disposeAcpChild` to shared code when it exists; extracting now would recreate `dsh-subagent-subprocess`, the single-purpose library this stack just deleted.
+
+## Consequences
+
+Bought: the seam is one method and one type smaller; implementations owe four verbs and no teardown policy; `dsh-subprocess-local` loses a dependency; the ladder's tier windows live beside the config fields that tune them. Cost: a future backend wanting EOF-first teardown writes ~20 lines against the verbs (or lifts the ACP helper); the ladder's tier-tier tests moved from the seam suite to the ACP suite, and the seam suite pins the verbs the ladder composes (bounded `waitForExit` false-then-true across an escalation) instead of the composed policy.
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Agent Note: dispose 阶梯归其消费方所有，而非 subprocess seam
+
+Status: implemented
+
+[English](2026-07-27-dispose-ladder-to-consumer.md) | 中文
+
+## 问题
+
+`SubprocessHandle.dispose(graces)` 与 `SubprocessDisposeGraces` 把一整套拆卸*策略*——等待 stdin EOF、再 SIGTERM、再 SIGKILL，每一层由调用方提供的时间窗约束——放在了一个其余动词均为单一机制的 seam 上。它始终只有一个调用方（ACP subagent 后端）；bash 走 `terminate()` 与服务拆卸，LSP 主机运行自己的协议优先关闭流程。然而每个未来后端都必须实现该阶梯才能满足接口，实现包也仅为阶梯的层级时限背上了 `dsh-timeout` 依赖。
+
+## 决策
+
+阶梯移入其唯一消费方。`dsh-subagent-acp` 拥有 `disposeAcpChild(child, eofGraceMs, graceMs)`，完全构建在 seam 的公开动词之上：关闭 `stdin`，以 `eofGraceMs` 约束一次 `waitForExit`，随后 `terminate()`（其 SIGTERM→spec 宽限期→SIGKILL 升级已编码了信号层级），最后进行有界的整树等待，若仍有存活进程则抛出。seam 保留 `kill`／`terminate`／`waitForExit`——机制而非策略——而 `waitForExit(signal?)` 恰是消费方阶梯在每一层确认进程树真正退出所需的停稳探针。`dsh-subprocess-local` 卸下 `dsh-timeout` 依赖；seam 的句柄少了一个方法和一个导出接口。
+
+## 曾考虑的替代方案
+
+**把阶梯作为便利方法留在句柄上。**否决：一个每个实现都必须提供的 seam 方法不是便利，而是契约表面——而这一个把某一消费方的配合形状（stdin EOF 打头）当作进程词汇来编码。seam 自己的 README 早已不得不加注「依赖其他信号停稳的子进程需要自己的第一阶」，这本身就是承认该阶梯是策略。
+
+**把阶梯移到共享辅助包。**否决：只有一个消费方。当第二个具有相同 stdin EOF 配合形状的进程外后端出现时，可以再把 `disposeAcpChild` 提升为共享代码；现在抽取只会重造 `dsh-subagent-subprocess`——这组堆叠变更刚刚删掉的那个单一用途库。
+
+## 后果
+
+买到的：seam 少了一个方法和一个类型；实现只欠四个动词，不欠拆卸策略；`dsh-subprocess-local` 少了一个依赖；阶梯的层级时间窗与调节它们的配置字段住在一起。代价：未来想要 EOF 打头拆卸的后端需针对这些动词写约 20 行（或直接搬 ACP 的辅助函数）；阶梯的层级测试从 seam 套件移入 ACP 套件，seam 套件转而钉住阶梯所组合的动词（升级前后有界 `waitForExit` 先假后真），而非组合后的策略。
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md: a55bf276bff998a94f84ec1af078022e4881903c
-2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.zh.md: 84b8b22187ccd1078ff13e39f4a345efbecfaeac
+2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md: 7b51ae41ac00c12a496940c891092580003646fa
+2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.zh.md: 2574e1327f424069cdff68ef9b8de20c490077f0
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ The registry rebuilds a trusted overlay for every foreground and background bash

 Session persistence remains the fact owner: JSONL does not depend on tool-bash or register shell variables itself, and hooks continue to consume `locate()` directly. Tool-bash is the translation layer from the persistence fact into a shell convention. Other plugins that need shell-visible facts depend on the registry and register their own keys; they do not modify `process.env`.

-The bash seam exports `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` as the single namespace source and derives `DshEnvironmentKey` from its `typeof`. Tool-bash derives built-in names and model guidance from that constant, while executors use it for filtering and channel validation. The seam carries the managed overlay separately as `BashExecRequest.dshEnv` / `BashExecSpec.dshEnv`. Ordinary `env` remains the general in-process plugin surface used by hooks, but cannot contain managed keys; symmetrically, `dshEnv` cannot contain ordinary keys. The local executor rejects either wrong channel before spawn, removes every inherited ambient managed key, applies its ordinary scrub/terminal environment/explicit `env`, and finally merges the trusted `dshEnv` snapshot. This guarantees that a missing value means absent now rather than inherited from an outer or previous harness. The model-facing tool still ignores model-supplied `env`/`stdin` arguments.
+The bash seam exports `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` as the single namespace source and derives `DshEnvironmentKey` from its `typeof`. Tool-bash derives built-in names and model guidance from that constant, while executors use it for ambient filtering. The seam carries the managed overlay separately as `BashExecRequest.dshEnv` / `BashExecSpec.dshEnv`: ordinary `env` remains the general in-process plugin surface used by hooks, while `dshEnv` is typed to managed keys. The local executor removes every inherited ambient managed key, applies its ordinary scrub/terminal environment/explicit `env`, and finally merges the trusted `dshEnv` snapshot, so an `env` entry can never displace a managed value. This guarantees that a missing value means absent now rather than inherited from an outer or previous harness. The model-facing tool still ignores model-supplied `env`/`stdin` arguments.

 The bash tool description teaches only the durable convention: current harness environment facts are available through managed `$DSH_*` variables and may be inspected when needed. It does not enumerate persistence-specific keys or add a permanent system-prompt section. Tool schemas are already logged in request headers and tool output is logged as `tool/result`, so no new session event is required.

@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ A keyless full-loop integration drives the real agent loop, JSONL persistence, t

 ## Consequences

-Every model bash child receives current Harness home and shell identity, and agent calls additionally receive stable session identity. JSONL-backed calls get an optional target path; non-file persistence omits it honestly. The complete `DSH_*` namespace inside these children is managed by the harness: ambient values are removed, current trusted values are re-added, and ordinary callers cannot use `env` to bypass ownership checks.
+Every model bash child receives current Harness home and shell identity, and agent calls additionally receive stable session identity. JSONL-backed calls get an optional target path; non-file persistence omits it honestly. The managed `DSH_*` facts inside these children come from the harness: ambient values are removed, current trusted values are re-added last, and an ordinary caller's `env` entry cannot displace them.

 The namespace is discoverable but not secret. Paths can reveal configured roots, lazy targets can be absent or stale, and a command can override variables inside its own shell syntax. Consumers treat them as correlation and environment facts, verify transcript metadata when attribution matters, and rely on sandbox/filesystem policy rather than variable secrecy for authorization.
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ interface SessionPersistence {

 会话持久化仍然是事实所有者：JSONL 不依赖 tool-bash，也不会自行注册 shell 变量；钩子继续直接使用 `locate()`。tool-bash 是把持久化事实转换为 shell 约定的转换层。其他需要向 shell 公开事实的插件依赖该注册表，并注册各自的键；它们不修改 `process.env`。

-bash seam 导出 `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` 作为唯一的命名空间来源，并派生 `DshEnvironmentKey`，其来源是该常量的 `typeof`。tool-bash 从该常量派生内置名称与模型指引，执行器则使用该常量进行过滤和通道校验。seam 通过 `BashExecRequest.dshEnv`／`BashExecSpec.dshEnv` 单独传递受管理的覆盖层。普通 `env` 仍是钩子所用的通用进程内插件接口，但不能包含受管理的键；对称地，`dshEnv` 不能包含普通键。本地执行器会在 spawn 前拒绝任一错误通道，移除环境中继承的全部受管理键，依次应用普通清理、终端环境和显式 `env`，最后合并受信任的 `dshEnv` 快照。这保证了值缺失表示它当前确实不存在，而不是从外层或先前的 harness 继承而来。面向模型的工具仍忽略模型提供的 `env`／`stdin` 参数。
+bash seam 导出 `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` 作为唯一的命名空间来源，并派生 `DshEnvironmentKey`，其来源是该常量的 `typeof`。tool-bash 从该常量派生内置名称与模型指引，执行器则使用该常量过滤环境中已有的值。seam 通过 `BashExecRequest.dshEnv`／`BashExecSpec.dshEnv` 单独传递受管理的覆盖层：普通 `env` 仍是钩子所用的通用进程内插件接口，`dshEnv` 则以类型约束为受管理键。本地执行器移除环境中继承的全部受管理键，依次应用普通清理、终端环境和显式 `env`，最后合并受信任的 `dshEnv` 快照，因此 `env` 条目永远无法顶掉受管理的值。这保证了值缺失表示它当前确实不存在，而不是从外层或先前的 harness 继承而来。面向模型的工具仍忽略模型提供的 `env`／`stdin` 参数。

 bash 工具说明只讲解持久约定：当前 harness 环境事实通过受管理的 `$DSH_*` 变量提供，可以在需要时查看。它不会枚举持久化专用键，也不会添加永久的系统提示词章节。工具 schema 已记录在请求 header 中，工具输出则记录为 `tool/result`，因此无需新增会话事件。

@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ bash 工具说明只讲解持久约定：当前 harness 环境事实通过受管

 ## 影响

-每个面向模型的 bash 子进程都会收到当前 Harness home 和 shell 标识，关联 agent 的调用还会收到稳定的会话标识。使用 JSONL 后端的调用可以获得可选的目标路径；非文件持久化会如实省略该值。这些子进程中的完整 `DSH_*` 命名空间由 harness 管理：系统移除环境中已有的受管理值、重新加入当前受信任的值，并禁止普通调用方通过 `env` 绕过所有权检查。
+每个面向模型的 bash 子进程都会收到当前 Harness home 和 shell 标识，关联 agent 的调用还会收到稳定的会话标识。使用 JSONL 后端的调用可以获得可选的目标路径；非文件持久化会如实省略该值。这些子进程中受管理的 `DSH_*` 事实来自 harness：系统移除环境中已有的受管理值、在最后重新加入当前受信任的值，普通调用方的 `env` 条目无法顶掉它们。

 该命名空间可被发现，但并非秘密。路径可能泄露配置的根目录，延迟创建的目标也可能不存在或处于陈旧状态，而且命令可以在自己的 shell 语法中覆盖变量。消费方应把这些值视为关联信息和环境事实，在归属关系重要时校验 transcript 元数据，并依靠沙箱／文件系统策略而不是变量保密性来完成授权。
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write .agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-16-persistent-pty-sessions.md
-2026-07-16-persistent-pty-sessions.md: 43c87bb159cfe1ab9f8d3a80c2adf25a57ae6e3b
-2026-07-16-persistent-pty-sessions.zh.md: 8afc2103447cc58b1fcbc1062b9564e8ed643477
+2026-07-16-persistent-pty-sessions.md: 4fff1742721fa13ea11f1b8ec833e5e5b7e68df8
+2026-07-16-persistent-pty-sessions.zh.md: 88e7a0bc4b8af21dc51b6a654a1c9f93760b3e81
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ On macOS there is no exact syscall tier. Output silence returns `inferred_idle`

 Tier 2 returns `inferred_idle` after `idleSilenceMs` without output. A sleeping or network-blocked command can therefore look ready. Tier 3 returns `timeout` after `timeoutMs` so a foreground tool call cannot hold the agent indefinitely. The result preserves the distinction; callers may wait through `ctx.tasks`, signal the foreground group, or inspect from another session.

+Once a send settles under any tier, `PtySendOperation.append` stops accepting output, so later child output no longer reaches that settled operation; it still reaches the scrollback, and any send that is active when it arrives. A test that waits for a marker on the operation it started must therefore set `idleSilenceMs` and `timeoutMs` above the child's own startup latency; interpreter startup on a loaded macOS runner otherwise ends the send before the marker is printed.
+
 `node-pty` data notifications feed one terminal parser. Parser carry state handles control sequences and a trailing carriage return split across callbacks, so a divided CRLF produces one newline rather than a pagination-changing blank line. The implementation normalizes line-oriented output, but it does not promise correct interaction with a full-screen application.

 ### Model-visible output and durability
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ macOS 没有精确 syscall 层。任何前台进程组输出静默都会返回 `

 Tier 2 在持续 `idleSilenceMs` 没有输出后返回 `inferred_idle`，因此 sleep 或网络阻塞的命令可能看似 ready。Tier 3 在 `timeoutMs` 后返回 `timeout`，避免前台工具调用无限占住 agent。结果保留这些区别；调用方可以通过 `ctx.tasks` 等待、向前台组发信号，或从另一个会话排查。

+一次 send 在任一层级 settle 之后，`PtySendOperation.append` 就不再接受输出，此后子进程的输出不会再进入那个已 settle 的 operation；它仍然会进入 scrollback，以及此时恰好处于活跃状态的任何 send。因此，等待自己所启动的 operation 上出现标记的测试，必须把 `idleSilenceMs` 与 `timeoutMs` 设得高于子进程自身的启动耗时；否则在负载较高的 macOS runner 上，解释器启动会在标记打印之前就结束这次 send。
+
 `node-pty` data 通知进入同一个终端 parser。parser 的 carry state 会处理跨 callback 的控制序列和位于 callback 末尾的回车；因此，即使 CRLF 被拆开，也只会生成一个换行，而不会产生改变分页的空行。实现会规范化行式输出，但不承诺正确操作全屏应用。

 ### 模型可见输出与持久性
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-2026-07-25-semantic-pr-label-taxonomy.md: 61b7a829b8c44836cf9c6d0d8a7df463df309d89
-2026-07-25-semantic-pr-label-taxonomy.zh.md: cc0c5e7a8953bc97de51f90349a0e2542be5b77e
+2026-07-25-semantic-pr-label-taxonomy.md: 3217b405e968d4d2c1eba1f1a5a08008b18ba514
+2026-07-25-semantic-pr-label-taxonomy.zh.md: 4cc603daa52bc9e6b0a85e33086a559a21dcc621
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ Areas record semantic repository domains rather than temporary initiatives, owne

 ### Current areas

-The 45 current areas are listed below. The group names organize the list for readability; they are not labels or another taxonomy level.
+The 46 current areas are listed below. The group names organize the list for readability; they are not labels or another taxonomy level.

 | Group | Areas |
 |---|---|
 | Agent and model | `agent`, `agent-loop`, `session`, `llm`, `model-context`, `compaction`, `tools`, `persistence` |
 | Orchestration | `subagent`, `workflow`, `planning`, `tasks`, `schedule`, `telemetry`, `storage`, `workspace` |
-| Capabilities | `bash`, `pty`, `filesystem`, `lsp`, `skills`, `web-search`, `code-mode`, `artifact`, `attachment`, `sandbox`, `mcp`, `hooks`, `cordis` |
+| Capabilities | `bash`, `subprocess`, `pty`, `filesystem`, `lsp`, `skills`, `web-search`, `code-mode`, `artifact`, `attachment`, `sandbox`, `mcp`, `hooks`, `cordis` |
 | Interfaces | `ui`, `gui`, `tui`, `acp`, `json-rpc`, `cli`, `python-sdk`, `vscode`, `website` |
 | Repository and release | `dev-infra`, `ci`, `build`, `dependencies`, `platform`, `i18n`, `release` |

@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ PR（Pull Request）需要传达两个不同的信号：它带来哪一类变更

 ### 当前领域

-当前的 45 个领域如下。分组名称仅用于提高列表的可读性；它们既不是标签，也不是分类体系中的另一个层级。
+当前的 46 个领域如下。分组名称仅用于提高列表的可读性；它们既不是标签，也不是分类体系中的另一个层级。

 | 分组 | 领域 |
 |---|---|
 | agent（智能体）与模型 | `agent`, `agent-loop`, `session`, `llm`, `model-context`, `compaction`, `tools`, `persistence` |
 | 编排 | `subagent`, `workflow`, `planning`, `tasks`, `schedule`, `telemetry`, `storage`, `workspace` |
-| 能力 | `bash`, `pty`, `filesystem`, `lsp`, `skills`, `web-search`, `code-mode`, `artifact`, `attachment`, `sandbox`, `mcp`, `hooks`, `cordis` |
+| 能力 | `bash`, `subprocess`, `pty`, `filesystem`, `lsp`, `skills`, `web-search`, `code-mode`, `artifact`, `attachment`, `sandbox`, `mcp`, `hooks`, `cordis` |
 | 接口 | `ui`, `gui`, `tui`, `acp`, `json-rpc`, `cli`, `python-sdk`, `vscode`, `website` |
 | 仓库与发布 | `dev-infra`, `ci`, `build`, `dependencies`, `platform`, `i18n`, `release` |

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ packages/    @deepseek-ai/dsh-<pkg> workspaces at packages/<group>/<pkg>/
  core/        product API spine: session, system-prompt, tools, agent, agent-loop
  llm/         LLM seam + DeepSeek adapters (direct-fetch + pi-ai design twin)
  bash/        bash executor seam + local impl + model-facing bash tools
+  subprocess/  subprocess seam + local process-tree impl
  pty/         persistent PTY seam/backend/tools
  fs/          filesystem seam + local impl + policy gate + read/write/edit tools
  lsp/         language-server seam + local stdio provider + model-facing lsp tool
@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@
 - id: workspace
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-workspace'

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash-local
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-retry": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-paths": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-plan-mode": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence-jsonl": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-title": "workspace:^",
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
-#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-architecture.md: 34e56dd955e6ac5ad8fad236bdf7ae9cfc810a83
-architecture.zh.md: ea105b869eba799d00dfaa134ed34d14c7505fc8
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write docs/architecture.md
+architecture.md: d80eb14c4c703f99d3401e4f69958e78998b8bfa
+architecture.zh.md: b392b519310389a1c623b81b797d4c32453a940c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ Harnesses are [Cordis](cordis-primer.md) contexts with package-contributed servi
 | `ctx.llm` | [`llm/`](../packages/llm/README.md) | adapter registry and streaming model calls |
 | `ctx.tokenMeter` | [`llm/token-meter`](../packages/llm/token-meter/README.md) | singleton replay-aware request/surface pressure |
 | `ctx.bash` | [`bash/`](../packages/bash/README.md) | foreground/background command execution |
+| `ctx.subprocess` | [`subprocess/`](../packages/subprocess/README.md) | managed child-process trees for the bash executors, the LSP host, and the ACP subagent backend |
 | `ctx.pty` | [`pty/`](../packages/pty/README.md) | owner-scoped persistent terminal sessions |
 | `ctx.sandbox` | [`sandbox/`](../packages/sandbox/README.md) | same-world process confinement (argv wrapping, per-call policy) |
 | `ctx.sandboxPolicy` | [`sandbox/`](../packages/sandbox/README.md) | shared sandbox policy home |
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ New behavior attaches to a documented extension point; a loop change updates thi
 |---|---|
 | Add a model provider | register an adapter on `ctx.llm` |
 | Add a model-facing capability | register on `ctx.tools`; schemas enter prompt assembly |
-| Add shell execution | implement and register a `ctx.bash` backend |
+| Add shell execution | implement and register a `ctx.bash` backend (the local one spawns through `ctx.subprocess`) |
 | Add persistent terminal execution | register a `ctx.pty` backend and `dsh-tool-pty` |
 | Add a human command | register on `ctx.commands`; adapters discover and dispatch it without a model turn |
 | Add background work | register on `ctx.tasks`; generic `task_*` tools collect or stop it |
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 | `ctx.llm` | [`llm/`](../packages/llm/README.md) | 适配器注册表和模型流式调用 |
 | `ctx.tokenMeter` | [`llm/token-meter`](../packages/llm/token-meter/README.md) | 感知回放的单实例请求压力和会话表面压力 |
 | `ctx.bash` | [`bash/`](../packages/bash/README.md) | 前台和后台命令执行 |
+| `ctx.subprocess` | [`subprocess/`](../packages/subprocess/README.md) | 供 bash 执行器、LSP host 与 ACP subagent 后端使用的受管子进程树 |
 | `ctx.pty` | [`pty/`](../packages/pty/README.md) | 按 owner 隔离的持久化终端会话 |
 | `ctx.sandbox` | [`sandbox/`](../packages/sandbox/README.md) | 同一执行环境内的进程限制（argv 包装、逐调用策略） |
 | `ctx.sandboxPolicy` | [`sandbox/`](../packages/sandbox/README.md) | 共享沙箱策略归属点 |
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ forever:
 |---|---|
 | 添加模型提供方 | 在 `ctx.llm` 上注册适配器 |
 | 添加面向模型的功能 | 在 `ctx.tools` 上注册；schema 进入提示词组装流程 |
-| 添加 shell 执行 | 实现并注册 `ctx.bash` 后端 |
+| 添加 shell 执行 | 实现并注册 `ctx.bash` 后端（本地后端通过 `ctx.subprocess` 生成进程） |
 | 添加持久化终端执行 | 注册 `ctx.pty` 后端和 `dsh-tool-pty` |
 | 添加用户命令 | 在 `ctx.commands` 上注册；适配器无需模型轮次即可发现并分派该命令 |
 | 添加后台工作 | 在 `ctx.tasks` 上注册；通用 `task_*` 工具负责收集或停止 |
@@ -82,10 +82,15 @@ flowchart LR
  pkg_agent_spine_demo["agent-spine-demo"]
  pkg_goal["goal"]
  svc_goals["ctx.goals<br/>Same-session goal domain"]
-  pkg_bash["bash"]
-  svc_bash["ctx.bash<br/>Bash executor seam"]
+  pkg_subprocess["subprocess"]
+  svc_subprocess["ctx.subprocess<br/>Subprocess seam"]
+  pkg_subprocess_local["subprocess-local"]
  pkg_bash_local["bash-local"]
  pkg_bash_sandbox["bash-sandbox"]
+  pkg_lsp_local["lsp-local"]
+  pkg_subagent_acp["subagent-acp"]
+  pkg_bash["bash"]
+  svc_bash["ctx.bash<br/>Bash executor seam"]
  svc_bashEnv["ctx.bashEnv<br/>Managed bash environment registry"]
  pkg_pty["pty"]
  svc_pty["ctx.pty<br/>Persistent PTY session registry"]
@@ -113,7 +118,6 @@ flowchart LR
  svc_subagents["ctx.subagents<br/>Subagent provider registry"]
  pkg_subagent_spawn["subagent-spawn"]
  pkg_subagent_fork["subagent-fork"]
-  pkg_subagent_acp["subagent-acp"]
  pkg_tool_ralph["tool-ralph"]
  pkg_tasks["tasks"]
  svc_tasks["ctx.tasks<br/>Background task registry"]
@@ -191,6 +195,8 @@ flowchart LR
  pkg_subagent_acp --> svc_subagents
  pkg_subagent_fork --> svc_subagents
  pkg_subagent_spawn --> svc_subagents
+  pkg_subprocess --> svc_subprocess
+  pkg_subprocess_local --> svc_subprocess
  pkg_system_prompt --> svc_systemPrompt
  pkg_tasks --> svc_tasks
  pkg_tasks_local --> svc_tasks
@@ -263,6 +269,10 @@ flowchart LR
  svc_storageDomain --> pkg_workspace
  svc_subagents --> pkg_tool_ralph
  svc_subagents --> pkg_tool_subagent
+  svc_subprocess --> pkg_bash_local
+  svc_subprocess --> pkg_bash_sandbox
+  svc_subprocess --> pkg_lsp_local
+  svc_subprocess --> pkg_subagent_acp
  svc_systemPrompt --> pkg_agent_loop
  svc_systemPrompt --> pkg_tool_fs
  svc_systemPrompt --> pkg_tool_pty
@@ -317,6 +327,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | `ctx.agents` | `core` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent) | - | [`agent-loop`](../packages/core/agent-loop), [`acp`](../packages/acp/acp), [`cli-demo`](../packages/examples/cli-demo), [`subagent-inprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess), [`tui-demo`](../packages/examples/tui-demo) | - | Owns live Agent handles, the create/resume factory seam, and process-local initiator propagation. |
 | `ctx.agentLoop` | `bundle` | [`agent-loop`](../packages/core/agent-loop) | - | [`agent-spine-demo`](../packages/examples/agent-spine-demo) | - | The one concrete loop plugin; extension packages depend on dsh-agent events and services, not on this package. |
 | `ctx.goals` | `core` | [`goal`](../packages/goal/goal) | - | - | - | Folds revisioned objective state from the session log and keeps live continuation activation process-local. |
+| `ctx.subprocess` | `seam` | [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) | [`subprocess-local`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local) | [`bash-local`](../packages/bash/bash-local), [`bash-sandbox`](../packages/bash/bash-sandbox), [`lsp-local`](../packages/lsp/lsp-local), [`subagent-acp`](../packages/subagent/subagent-acp) | - | The bash executors, the LSP host, and the ACP subagent backend spawn their children through ctx.subprocess; the service owns tree lifetime, stdio dispositions (pipes, inherit, bounded spill-backed collection), and kill escalation. |
 | `ctx.bash` | `seam` | [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash) | [`bash-local`](../packages/bash/bash-local), [`bash-sandbox`](../packages/bash/bash-sandbox) | [`tool-bash`](../packages/bash/tool-bash), [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude), [`hooks-codex`](../packages/hooks/hooks-codex) | - | The model-facing bash tools and hook bridges consume this seam; sandboxed or remote executors replace bash-local without touching them. |
 | `ctx.bashEnv` | `core` | [`tool-bash`](../packages/bash/tool-bash) | - | - | - | Plugins declare effect-scoped DSH_* facts; tool-bash collects one trusted snapshot per execution and the executor rebuilds the namespace. |
 | `ctx.pty` | `seam` | [`pty`](../packages/pty/pty) | [`pty-local`](../packages/pty/pty-local) | [`tool-pty`](../packages/pty/tool-pty) | - | The registry owns exact-Agent session identity and cleanup; backends own terminal mechanics, while tool-pty exposes the owner-scoped model surface. |
@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ Source: [`packages/examples/agent-spine-demo/src/index.ts:87`](../packages/examp

 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local`

+Requires: `subprocess`
+
 ```ts config-catalog
 /** Plugin config (all optional — `static Config` supplies the defaults). */
 export interface Config {
@@ -210,11 +212,11 @@ export interface Config {
 }
 ```

-Source: [`packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts:17`](../packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts:39`](../packages/bash/bash-local/src/index.ts)

 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox`

-Requires: `sandbox` · `sandboxPolicy`
+Requires: `subprocess` · `sandbox` · `sandboxPolicy`

 ```ts config-catalog
 /**
@@ -715,7 +717,7 @@ Source: [`packages/llm/llm-retry/src/index.ts:39`](../packages/llm/llm-retry/src

 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-lsp-local`

-Requires: `lsp`
+Requires: `lsp` · `subprocess`

 ```ts config-catalog
 /** Plugin configuration: provider id → local language-server configuration. */
@@ -751,7 +753,7 @@ export interface LspLocalServerConfig {
 }
 ```

-Source: [`packages/lsp/lsp-local/src/index.ts:85`](../packages/lsp/lsp-local/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/lsp/lsp-local/src/index.ts:87`](../packages/lsp/lsp-local/src/index.ts)

 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-mcp-client`

@@ -1284,7 +1286,7 @@ Source: [`packages/storage/storage-sqlite/src/index.ts:24`](../packages/storage/

 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent-acp`

-Requires: `subagents`
+Requires: `subagents` · `subprocess`

 ```ts config-catalog
 /** Config: how to spawn and drive the child ACP agent process. */
@@ -2075,6 +2077,7 @@ These load from a `cordis.yml` entry with no `config:` block; they declare no co
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-checkpoint-policy` — requires `llm` · `sessionPersistence` · `sessions` · `tools` ([`packages/session-persistence/session-checkpoint-policy/src/index.ts`](../packages/session-persistence/session-checkpoint-policy/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-storage` ([`packages/storage/storage/src/index.ts`](../packages/storage/storage/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent` ([`packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts`](../packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts))
+- `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` ([`packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/index.ts`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks-local` ([`packages/tasks/tasks-local/src/index.ts`](../packages/tasks/tasks-local/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout-policy` — requires `tools` ([`packages/timeout/timeout-policy/src/index.ts`](../packages/timeout/timeout-policy/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-ask-user` — requires `tools` · `userInteraction` ([`packages/ui/tool-ask-user/src/index.ts`](../packages/ui/tool-ask-user/src/index.ts))
@@ -2094,6 +2097,7 @@ Abstract service classes — a deployment loads a concrete implementation packag
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence` — abstract `SessionPersistence` ([`packages/session-persistence/session-persistence/src/index.ts`](../packages/session-persistence/session-persistence/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-query` — abstract `SessionQueryService` ([`packages/session-query/session-query/src/index.ts`](../packages/session-query/session-query/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-spill` — abstract `SpillStore` ([`packages/spill/spill/src/index.ts`](../packages/spill/spill/src/index.ts))
+- `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess` — abstract `SubprocessService` ([`packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks` — abstract `TaskService` ([`packages/tasks/tasks/src/index.ts`](../packages/tasks/tasks/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-workflow` — abstract `WorkflowService` ([`packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts`](../packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts))

@@ -2121,6 +2125,5 @@ Imported as libraries by other packages; a `cordis.yml` cannot load them.
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-scripts` ([`packages/sdk/scripts/src/index.ts`](../packages/sdk/scripts/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-title-llm` ([`packages/session-title/session-title-llm/src/index.ts`](../packages/session-title/session-title-llm/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent-inprocess` ([`packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess/src/index.ts`](../packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess/src/index.ts))
- `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent-subprocess` ([`packages/subagent/subagent-subprocess/src/index.ts`](../packages/subagent/subagent-subprocess/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-telemetry` ([`packages/sdk/telemetry/src/index.ts`](../packages/sdk/telemetry/src/index.ts))
 - `@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout` ([`packages/util/timeout/src/index.ts`](../packages/util/timeout/src/index.ts))
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ Implementations must honor these semantics:
 - run rejects only for infrastructure failures. Nonzero exits, timeout kills, and abort kills resolve with a BashRunResult.
 - start returns immediately; no timeout applies to background processes. `done` settles at process close and never rejects; spawn failures settle as `killed` with the error on stderr.
 - BashProcess.readOutput is incremental: consecutive reads never repeat output. Lossy reads report truncation and available spill files.
- Disposal kills all running background processes and awaits their exit.
+- A still-running background process is stopped and awaited when its owning composition tears down. With the subprocess seam that boundary is `ctx.subprocess` disposal, so a background process survives an executor-only reload.

 ```ts cordis-catalog
 /**
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ abstract start(spec: BashExecSpec): BashProcess

 Types: [BashExecRequest](../core-data-structures/bash.md) · [BashExecSpec](../core-data-structures/bash.md) · [BashProcess](../core-data-structures/bash.md) · [BashRunResult](../core-data-structures/bash.md)

-Source: [`packages/bash/bash/src/index.ts:48`](../../packages/bash/bash/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/bash/bash/src/index.ts:51`](../../packages/bash/bash/src/index.ts)

 ## `ctx.bashEnv` — `BashEnvRegistry`

@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ collect(execution: ToolExecution): DshEnvironment
 list(): BashEnvVariableInfo[]
 ```

-Types: [DshEnvironment](../core-data-structures/bash.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
+Types: [DshEnvironment](../core-data-structures/subprocess.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md)

 Source: [`packages/bash/tool-bash/src/index.ts:104`](../../packages/bash/tool-bash/src/index.ts)

@@ -1583,6 +1583,31 @@ Types: [SubagentProvider](../core-data-structures/subagent.md) · [SubagentRun](

 Source: [`packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts:180`](../../packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts)

+## `ctx.subprocess` — `SubprocessService` (abstract seam)
+
+Abstract subprocess service. Subclass, implement spawn, and load the subclass as a plugin — it registers as `ctx.subprocess` (one implementation per context; loading a second throws, which is cordis' standard duplicate-service behavior).
+
+Implementations must honor these semantics:
+
+- spawn returns immediately with a live handle; `done` resolves at process close with exit facts and rejects only for spawn-level failures.
+- Collect-mode readers are offset-based and non-consuming, so independent readers never consume one another's output; lossy reads report truncation and the spill file holding the complete stream when one exists. Piped streams are handed to the caller raw and never buffered here.
+- SubprocessHandle.terminate (and the spec's abort signal) escalates SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL — the only termination verb — tree-scoped on every platform. SubprocessHandle.waitForExit observes whole-tree liveness, so a consumer-owned teardown ladder can hold each tier on real quiescence.
+- Disposal of the service terminates all still-running managed processes and awaits their exit.
+
+```ts cordis-catalog
+/**
+ * Start one managed child process from a fully-specified spec; this seam
+ * applies no defaults.
+ * @param spec - argv, directory, stdio dispositions, grace, cancellation, and environment.
+ * @returns the live process handle (streams/readers, signalling, outcome promise).
+ */
+abstract spawn(spec: SubprocessSpawnSpec): SubprocessHandle
+```
+
+Types: [SubprocessHandle](../core-data-structures/subprocess.md) · [SubprocessSpawnSpec](../core-data-structures/subprocess.md)
+
+Source: [`packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts:88`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts)
+
 ## `ctx.systemPrompt` — `SystemPrompt`

 Registry service for the prompt inputs assembled before each model step.
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-bash.md: 35cf2061588907dde41123efb01e453eb9cc929d
-bash.zh.md: 0cfeb9e1a858f7057e720215c41a757588751122
+bash.md: 3747244662301a256e12037ea67c21017b5ac2c5
+bash.zh.md: 9927aa8d51ee410d70bed7a2d00e40061b499e15
@@ -2,23 +2,13 @@

 English | [中文](bash.zh.md)

-The bash execution seam is split across interface ([dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash), `ctx.bash`), implementations ([dsh-bash-local](../../packages/bash/bash-local) and [dsh-bash-sandbox](../../packages/bash/bash-sandbox)), and consumer ([dsh-tool-bash](../../packages/bash/tool-bash), the `bash` schema). Generic background-task ids, ownership, and controls live in [tasks.md](tasks.md); this seam returns a task-free process handle.
+The bash execution seam is split across interface ([dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash), `ctx.bash`), implementations ([dsh-bash-local](../../packages/bash/bash-local) and [dsh-bash-sandbox](../../packages/bash/bash-sandbox)), and consumer ([dsh-tool-bash](../../packages/bash/tool-bash), the `bash` schema). Generic background-task ids, ownership, and controls live in [tasks.md](tasks.md); this seam returns a task-free process handle. Raw process-group mechanics live behind the [subprocess seam](subprocess.md).

 Source: [`packages/bash/bash/src/types.ts`](../../packages/bash/bash/src/types.ts)

 ## Managed shell environment namespace

-`DSH_*` variables are Harness-owned child-process facts. The model-facing bash tool collects them through `ctx.bashEnv` and passes them through `BashExecRequest.dshEnv`; executors remove inherited `DSH_*` names before merging the current snapshot.
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** One environment key inside the managed {@link DSH_ENV_PREFIX} namespace. */
-type DshEnvironmentKey = `${typeof DSH_ENV_PREFIX}${string}`
-```
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** Trusted DeepSeek Harness variables for one bash execution. */
-type DshEnvironment = Readonly<Record<DshEnvironmentKey, string>>
-```
+`DSH_*` variables are Harness-owned child-process facts. The model-facing bash tool collects them through `ctx.bashEnv` and passes them through `BashExecRequest.dshEnv`; the subprocess service removes inherited `DSH_*` names before merging the current snapshot. The `DshEnvironmentKey`/`DshEnvironment` vocabulary is owned by the [subprocess seam](subprocess.md) and re-exported by `dsh-bash`.

 ## Request vs. spec: the `resolve()` split

@@ -56,17 +46,18 @@ interface BashExecRequest {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries for the command, merged after the credential
-   * scrub. `DSH_*` is reserved for {@link dshEnv} and implementations reject it
-   * here. Set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges set
-   * `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the model-facing bash tool
-   * does not expose it as a parameter.
+   * scrub. Managed facts belong in {@link dshEnv}, which merges after this
+   * map, so an entry here can never displace one. Set by in-process plugins
+   * (the hooks bridges set `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the
+   * model-facing bash tool does not expose it as a parameter.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
  /**
-   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution. Executors discard
-   * ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this snapshot, so an unavailable
-   * current fact cannot inherit a stale value from the harness process, and
-   * reject non-`DSH_*` names supplied through this managed channel.
+   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution (typed to managed
+   * keys). Executors discard ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this
+   * snapshot last, so an unavailable current fact cannot inherit a stale
+   * value from the harness process and a caller {@link env} entry cannot
+   * displace a managed one.
   */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Fully resolved per-call sandbox policy; sandboxing executors default it. */
@@ -95,12 +86,12 @@ interface BashExecSpec {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries carried through from
-   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}. `DSH_*` remains reserved for {@link dshEnv}.
+   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}; {@link dshEnv} still merges after them.
   * OPTIONAL on the spec for the same reason as `stdin`: absent means no
   * ordinary extra environment.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
-  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot; implementations reject ordinary names. */
+  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot (typed to managed keys); merges after {@link env}. */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Resolved sandbox policy; ignored by executors that do not confine. */
  sandboxPolicy: SandboxExecutionPolicy | undefined
@@ -145,19 +136,7 @@ interface BashRunResult {
 }
 ```

-Each stream is a `CollectedOutput` — the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. When truncated, `text` is the **tail** and the complete stream spills to a private file:
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** One captured stream: the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. */
-interface CollectedOutput {
-  /** Collected text — the TAIL of the stream when truncated. */
-  text: string
-  /** True when bytes were dropped from `text`. */
-  truncated: boolean
-  /** Path to a file holding the COMPLETE stream, when truncated and available. */
-  spillPath?: string
-}
-```
+Each stream is a `CollectedOutput` — the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info; when truncated, `text` is the **tail** and the complete stream spills to a private file. The shape is owned by the [subprocess seam](subprocess.md) and re-exported by `dsh-bash`.

 ## File sandbox: `BashSandboxInfo`

@@ -192,8 +171,9 @@ One more piece completes the vocabulary: the `SANDBOX_UNAVAILABLE` error code (o
 ```ts type-equiv
 /**
 * A background process handle returned by {@link BashExecutor.start}. It is the
- * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Executor
- * disposal kills running processes and awaits {@link done}.
+ * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Composition
+ * teardown (the subprocess service's disposal) kills running processes and
+ * awaits {@link done}; an executor-only reload leaves them running.
 */
 interface BashProcess {
  /** Process lifecycle state (settled exactly once). */
@@ -238,4 +218,4 @@ interface BashProcessRead {

 ## The service

-`BashExecutor` owns `resolve`, foreground `run`, background-process `start`, and the `sandboxMode` capability fact. `dsh-bash-local` owns process groups, timeout/abort handling, bounded collectors, spill files, credential scrubbing, and disposal quiescence. `dsh-tool-bash` owns model-facing rendering and adapts background handles into the [generic task runtime](tasks.md).
+`BashExecutor` owns `resolve`, foreground `run`, background-process `start`, and the `sandboxMode` capability fact. `dsh-bash-local` owns command defaulting, timeout/abort classification, the terminal environment, and the background read merge; process groups, bounded collectors, spill files, credential scrubbing, and disposal quiescence are the [subprocess service](subprocess.md)'s. `dsh-tool-bash` owns model-facing rendering and adapts background handles into the [generic task runtime](tasks.md).
@@ -2,23 +2,13 @@

 [English](bash.md) | 中文

-bash 执行 seam 分为接口（[dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash)，`ctx.bash`）、实现（[dsh-bash-local](../../packages/bash/bash-local) 与 [dsh-bash-sandbox](../../packages/bash/bash-sandbox)）和消费方（[dsh-tool-bash](../../packages/bash/tool-bash)，即 `bash` schema）。通用后台任务的 id、所有权与控制位于 [tasks.md](tasks.md)；本 seam 返回一个不含任务概念的进程句柄。
+bash 执行 seam 分为接口（[dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash)，`ctx.bash`）、实现（[dsh-bash-local](../../packages/bash/bash-local) 与 [dsh-bash-sandbox](../../packages/bash/bash-sandbox)）和消费方（[dsh-tool-bash](../../packages/bash/tool-bash)，即 `bash` schema）。通用后台任务的 id、所有权与控制位于 [tasks.md](tasks.md)；本 seam 返回一个不含任务概念的进程句柄。原始进程组机制位于[进程管理器 seam](subprocess.md)之后。

 源码：[`packages/bash/bash/src/types.ts`](../../packages/bash/bash/src/types.ts)

 ## 受管 shell 环境命名空间

-`DSH_*` 变量是归 Harness 所有的子进程事实。面向模型的 bash 工具通过 `ctx.bashEnv` 收集它们，再经由 `BashExecRequest.dshEnv` 传递；执行器在合并当前快照之前会移除继承而来的 `DSH_*` 名称。
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** One environment key inside the managed {@link DSH_ENV_PREFIX} namespace. */
-type DshEnvironmentKey = `${typeof DSH_ENV_PREFIX}${string}`
-```
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** Trusted DeepSeek Harness variables for one bash execution. */
-type DshEnvironment = Readonly<Record<DshEnvironmentKey, string>>
-```
+`DSH_*` 变量是归 Harness 所有的子进程事实。面向模型的 bash 工具通过 `ctx.bashEnv` 收集它们，再经由 `BashExecRequest.dshEnv` 传递；进程管理器在合并当前快照之前会移除继承而来的 `DSH_*` 名称。`DshEnvironmentKey`／`DshEnvironment` 词汇归[进程管理器 seam](subprocess.md)所有，由 `dsh-bash` 重导出。

 ## 请求与规格：`resolve()` 拆分

@@ -56,17 +46,18 @@ interface BashExecRequest {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries for the command, merged after the credential
-   * scrub. `DSH_*` is reserved for {@link dshEnv} and implementations reject it
-   * here. Set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges set
-   * `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the model-facing bash tool
-   * does not expose it as a parameter.
+   * scrub. Managed facts belong in {@link dshEnv}, which merges after this
+   * map, so an entry here can never displace one. Set by in-process plugins
+   * (the hooks bridges set `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the
+   * model-facing bash tool does not expose it as a parameter.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
  /**
-   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution. Executors discard
-   * ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this snapshot, so an unavailable
-   * current fact cannot inherit a stale value from the harness process, and
-   * reject non-`DSH_*` names supplied through this managed channel.
+   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution (typed to managed
+   * keys). Executors discard ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this
+   * snapshot last, so an unavailable current fact cannot inherit a stale
+   * value from the harness process and a caller {@link env} entry cannot
+   * displace a managed one.
   */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Fully resolved per-call sandbox policy; sandboxing executors default it. */
@@ -95,12 +86,12 @@ interface BashExecSpec {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries carried through from
-   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}. `DSH_*` remains reserved for {@link dshEnv}.
+   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}; {@link dshEnv} still merges after them.
   * OPTIONAL on the spec for the same reason as `stdin`: absent means no
   * ordinary extra environment.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
-  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot; implementations reject ordinary names. */
+  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot (typed to managed keys); merges after {@link env}. */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Resolved sandbox policy; ignored by executors that do not confine. */
  sandboxPolicy: SandboxExecutionPolicy | undefined
@@ -145,19 +136,7 @@ interface BashRunResult {
 }
 ```

-每个流是一个 `CollectedOutput`：（可能被截断的）文本加恢复信息。截断时，`text` 是**尾部**，完整流溢出到一个私有文件：
-
-```ts type-equiv
-/** One captured stream: the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. */
-interface CollectedOutput {
-  /** Collected text — the TAIL of the stream when truncated. */
-  text: string
-  /** True when bytes were dropped from `text`. */
-  truncated: boolean
-  /** Path to a file holding the COMPLETE stream, when truncated and available. */
-  spillPath?: string
-}
-```
+每个流是一个 `CollectedOutput`：（可能被截断的）文本加恢复信息；截断时，`text` 是**尾部**，完整流溢出到一个私有文件。该形状归[进程管理器 seam](subprocess.md)所有，由 `dsh-bash` 重导出。

 ## 文件沙箱：`BashSandboxInfo`

@@ -192,8 +171,9 @@ interface BashSandboxInfo {
 ```ts type-equiv
 /**
 * A background process handle returned by {@link BashExecutor.start}. It is the
- * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Executor
- * disposal kills running processes and awaits {@link done}.
+ * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Composition
+ * teardown (the subprocess service's disposal) kills running processes and
+ * awaits {@link done}; an executor-only reload leaves them running.
 */
 interface BashProcess {
  /** Process lifecycle state (settled exactly once). */
@@ -238,4 +218,4 @@ interface BashProcessRead {

 ## 服务

-`BashExecutor` 拥有 `resolve`、前台 `run`、后台进程 `start` 以及 `sandboxMode` 能力事实。`dsh-bash-local` 拥有进程组、超时/中止处理、有界收集器、spill 文件、凭据清除以及 dispose（资源释放）后完全停稳。`dsh-tool-bash` 拥有面向模型的渲染，并将后台句柄适配到[通用任务运行时](tasks.md)。
+`BashExecutor` 拥有 `resolve`、前台 `run`、后台进程 `start` 以及 `sandboxMode` 能力事实。`dsh-bash-local` 拥有命令默认值补全、超时/中止分类、终端环境以及后台读取合并；进程组、有界收集器、spill 文件、凭据清除与 dispose（资源释放）后完全停稳归[进程管理器](subprocess.md)所有。`dsh-tool-bash` 拥有面向模型的渲染，并将后台句柄适配到[通用任务运行时](tasks.md)。
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
-#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-core.md: 86aea325f5401d728a9b4aa147d78db9163a32c1
-core.zh.md: d09fb48419c14959eefb5a1df1c593b36c188cf5
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write docs/core-data-structures/core.md
+core.md: 1fb3288a6d01860220191f0ee1f914804dd2b33e
+core.zh.md: 74ddc5f935c8138a7fdda601650f08702dae34d3
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ Everything else is documented on a **sub-page**, not here. The rule that draws t
 | [user-interaction.md](user-interaction.md) | the UI-backed human question/answer seam: `AskUserQuestionRequest`, answer/options vocabulary, provider API, error taxonomy |
 | [approval.md](approval.md) | the one-shot user-approval seam: `ApprovalRequest`, `ApprovalOutcome`, per-session policy, audit and answerer contracts |
 | [bash.md](bash.md) | the bash executor seam: `BashExecRequest`/`Spec`, `BashRunResult`, background `BashProcess` handles |
+| [subprocess.md](subprocess.md) | the subprocess seam: fully-explicit `SubprocessSpawnSpec`, offset-based output readers, unclassified `SubprocessOutcome`, and the managed `DSH_*` environment vocabulary |
 | [pty.md](pty.md) | persistent terminal ids, backend/session contracts, send readiness, bounded reads, and owner-visible snapshots |
 | [sandbox.md](sandbox.md) | per-session policy resolution and the process-confinement seam: file-effect modes, execution/provider policies, `ConfinedArgv`, enforcement and fail-closed errors |
 | [code-runtime.md](code-runtime.md) | the code-execution seam: `CodeRunRequest`/`Result`, binding namespaces, captured logs, the `CodeRunFailure` taxonomy |
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ harness 是一个微内核：一个极小的核心加上众多插件。大多数
 | [user-interaction.md](user-interaction.md) | UI 支持的人工问答 seam：`AskUserQuestionRequest`、answer/options 词汇、提供方 API、错误分类体系 |
 | [approval.md](approval.md) | 一次性用户审批 seam：`ApprovalRequest`、`ApprovalOutcome`、逐会话策略、审计与 answerer 契约 |
 | [bash.md](bash.md) | bash 执行器 seam：`BashExecRequest`/`Spec`、`BashRunResult`、后台 `BashProcess` 句柄 |
+| [subprocess.md](subprocess.md) | 子进程 seam：完全显式的 `SubprocessSpawnSpec`、基于偏移的输出读取器、不含分类的 `SubprocessOutcome`，以及受管 `DSH_*` 环境词汇 |
 | [pty.md](pty.md) | 持久化终端 ID、后端/会话契约、发送就绪状态、有界读取与 owner 可见快照 |
 | [sandbox.md](sandbox.md) | 每会话策略解析与进程约束 seam：文件效果模式、执行/提供方策略、`ConfinedArgv`、强制执行与故障关闭错误 |
 | [code-runtime.md](code-runtime.md) | 代码执行 seam：`CodeRunRequest`/`Result`、绑定命名空间、捕获日志、`CodeRunFailure` 分类体系 |
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
+# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
+# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
+subprocess.md: 922e7ad0ee8b5c0dbcd0a6a4553c9d2a580f3ee2
+subprocess.zh.md: 5befdcdfc9b0e1d2a9adc825b177c90e53269def
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# Subprocess
+
+English | [中文](subprocess.zh.md)
+
+The subprocess seam is split across interface ([dsh-subprocess](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess), `ctx.subprocess`) and implementation ([dsh-subprocess-local](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local)); its consumers are other capability seams and out-of-process backends — the [bash executor family](bash.md) (collect-mode batch output), the LSP host (piped protocol streams + a collected stderr tail), and the ACP subagent backend (piped protocol streams + inherited stderr). This seam owns the managed `DSH_*` environment namespace, the shared credential scrub (`scrubbedParentEnv`), and the `CollectedOutput` shape; [dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash) re-exports the vocabulary so bash consumers keep one import root.
+
+Source: [`packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/types.ts`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/types.ts)
+
+## Managed environment namespace and captured output
+
+`DSH_*` variables are Harness-owned child-process facts; implementations discard ambient `DSH_*` names before the caller's explicit `env` merges, so a current fact arrives only as a deliberate entry, and each collected stream reports its truncation and spill-recovery state through `CollectedOutput`.
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One environment key inside the managed {@link DSH_ENV_PREFIX} namespace. */
+type DshEnvironmentKey = `${typeof DSH_ENV_PREFIX}${string}`
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Trusted DeepSeek Harness variables for one child-process execution. */
+type DshEnvironment = Readonly<Record<DshEnvironmentKey, string>>
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One captured stream: the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. */
+interface CollectedOutput {
+  /** Collected text — the TAIL of the stream when truncated. */
+  text: string
+  /** True when bytes were dropped from `text`. */
+  truncated: boolean
+  /** Path to a file holding the COMPLETE stream, when truncated and available. */
+  spillPath?: string
+}
+```
+
+## Node-shaped stdio dispositions
+
+Each stream's disposition is explicit, chosen per consumer: raw pipes for protocol framing (LSP JSON-RPC, ACP ndjson), inherit for pass-through diagnostics, and collect mode for bounded batch output — with the spill file optional, so a diagnostic tail (a language server's stderr) buffers without leaving files behind.
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * stdin disposition. `'ignore'` leaves fd 0 on `/dev/null`; `'pipe'` exposes
+ * {@link SubprocessHandle.stdin} for the caller's ongoing protocol writes;
+ * `{ data }` writes the bytes and closes (the batch shape).
+ */
+type SubprocessStdinMode = 'ignore' | 'pipe' | { readonly data: string }
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Bounded in-memory collection for one output stream, with an optional
+ * full-stream spill file. Omitting `spill` keeps only the in-memory tail —
+ * the diagnostic-tail shape (a language server's stderr); including it makes
+ * the complete stream recoverable up to its cap (the bash tool shape).
+ */
+interface SubprocessCollect {
+  /** In-memory cap in bytes; overflow keeps the TAIL. */
+  maxBytes: number
+  /** Full-stream spill file; absent disables spilling entirely. */
+  spill?: {
+    /** Whole-stream byte cap; a larger stream discards its now-incomplete spill. */
+    maxBytes: number
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * stdout/stderr disposition. `'pipe'` exposes the raw `Readable` for the
+ * caller's protocol decoding; `'inherit'` passes the parent's descriptor
+ * through (child diagnostics land on the harness's own stream); a
+ * {@link SubprocessCollect} object buffers boundedly with offset-based reads.
+ */
+type SubprocessOutputMode = 'pipe' | 'inherit' | SubprocessCollect
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Per-stream stdio dispositions, all explicit — this seam applies no defaults. */
+interface SubprocessStdio {
+  stdin: SubprocessStdinMode
+  stdout: SubprocessOutputMode
+  stderr: SubprocessOutputMode
+}
+```
+
+## The fully-explicit spawn spec
+
+The seam applies no defaults: every disposition, limit, and directory is explicit on the spec, so the caller's own config — not a hidden subprocess-service default — decides them. `argv` is never shell-interpreted.
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * A fully-specified spawn request. This seam applies no defaults: every
+ * disposition, limit, and directory is explicit, so the caller's own config —
+ * not a hidden subprocess-service default — decides them (the `dsh-bash`
+ * request/spec split is the owning template).
+ */
+interface SubprocessSpawnSpec {
+  /** Executable and arguments; `argv[0]` is the program. Never shell-interpreted here. */
+  argv: readonly string[]
+  /** Working directory for the child. */
+  cwd: string
+  /** Per-stream stdio dispositions. */
+  stdio: SubprocessStdio
+  /**
+   * Grace period in milliseconds for the {@link SubprocessHandle.terminate}
+   * escalation and for draining still-open collected pipes after the process
+   * exits (an inherited descriptor held by a surviving descendant cannot hold
+   * the outcome open indefinitely).
+   */
+  graceMs: number
+  /**
+   * Abort signal — starts the terminate escalation on the process tree when
+   * it fires. The caller owns deadlines and cause classification; this seam
+   * only reacts to the abort.
+   */
+  signal?: AbortSignal | undefined
+  /**
+   * Explicit environment entries merged onto the implementation's scrubbed
+   * parent base (see `scrubbedParentEnv`), with no namespace validation:
+   * every entry is a deliberate caller opt-in, so a forwarded
+   * credential-shaped entry or a current `DSH_*` fact survives precisely
+   * because this layer merges after the scrub that drops its ambient
+   * namesake.
+   */
+  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
+}
+```
+
+## Handles: streams, readers, and tree-scoped termination
+
+A spawn returns a live handle immediately. Collect-mode readers take whole-stream byte offsets and never consume, so independent readers cannot steal one another's deltas; piped streams belong to the caller. Termination is tree-scoped on every platform: `terminate()` — the only termination verb — escalates SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL, and `waitForExit()` observes the whole tree — enough for a consumer to build its own teardown ladder (the ACP backend's stdin-EOF-first `disposeAcpChild` is the template).
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * A live child process rooted in its own process tree. Collected output
+ * remains readable after exit; piped streams belong to the caller.
+ *
+ * Termination is tree-scoped everywhere: POSIX signals the detached process
+ * group (falling back to the direct child when the group is gone), Windows
+ * terminates the tree via `taskkill /T`, so helper processes cannot outlive
+ * the handle unnoticed.
+ */
+interface SubprocessHandle {
+  /** Process id (tree root); -1 when the spawn itself failed. */
+  readonly pid: number
+  /** The child's stdin, present iff spawned with `stdin: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stdin: Writable | undefined
+  /** The child's raw stdout, present iff spawned with `stdout: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stdout: Readable | undefined
+  /** The child's raw stderr, present iff spawned with `stderr: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stderr: Readable | undefined
+  /** Offset-based readers for collect-mode streams (also readable after exit). */
+  readonly collected: SubprocessCollectedOutputs
+  /** Resolves at process close with exit facts; rejects only for spawn-level failures. */
+  readonly done: Promise<SubprocessOutcome>
+  /**
+   * Begin the SIGTERM → `graceMs` → SIGKILL escalation on the process tree
+   * (Windows force-terminates immediately) — the seam's only termination
+   * verb. Idempotent, a no-op once the tree is gone (the pid may be reused),
+   * and also triggered by the spec's abort signal.
+   */
+  terminate(): void
+  /**
+   * Wait until the process tree has exited — the tree, not just the direct
+   * child, so a still-running helper is observable before teardown returns.
+   * @param signal - optional bound for the wait.
+   * @returns `true` when the tree exited, `false` when the signal aborted first.
+   */
+  waitForExit(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<boolean>
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Cursor-free incremental access to one collected output stream. Offsets are
+ * whole-stream byte coordinates owned by the caller, so independent readers
+ * cannot consume one another's output; `readFrom(0)` after settlement is the
+ * batch result (`lossy` then means the in-memory tail lost its head — the
+ * {@link CollectedOutput.truncated} fact).
+ */
+interface SubprocessOutputReader {
+  /**
+   * Read everything captured since `fromByte`. When that offset has slid out
+   * of the in-memory tail window the read is `lossy` — it returns the whole
+   * retained tail and the gap is only recoverable from the spill file.
+   * @param fromByte - whole-stream offset to resume from (a prior read's `nextOffset`; 0 for the first read).
+   * @returns the delta text, the next offset, the `lossy` flag, and the spill path when one exists.
+   */
+  readFrom(fromByte: number): SubprocessOutputRead
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One incremental {@link SubprocessOutputReader.readFrom} read. */
+interface SubprocessOutputRead {
+  /** Stream text from the requested offset (the whole retained tail when lossy). */
+  text: string
+  /** Whole-stream offset to resume from on the next read. */
+  nextOffset: number
+  /** True when the requested offset slid out of the in-memory tail window. */
+  lossy: boolean
+  /** Path to the full-stream spill file, when one was created and remains intact. */
+  spillPath?: string
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Offset-based readers for the streams spawned in collect mode. */
+interface SubprocessCollectedOutputs {
+  /** Present iff stdout is a {@link SubprocessCollect}. */
+  readonly stdout?: SubprocessOutputReader
+  /** Present iff stderr is a {@link SubprocessCollect}. */
+  readonly stderr?: SubprocessOutputReader
+}
+```
+
+
+## Outcomes carry exit facts only
+
+`done` reports Node's close-event vocabulary and no cause classification — the service kills on abort but never decides why (the caller reads the deadline signal it owns, e.g. the bash executor's `timedOut`/`aborted` split). Collected output stays readable through `handle.collected` after settlement, so batch and streaming callers share one access path.
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Exit facts of one closed process — Node's `close`-event vocabulary.
+ * Deliberately carries NO timeout or cancellation classification (the caller
+ * reads the signal it owns to classify causes) and NO output: collected
+ * streams stay readable through {@link SubprocessHandle.collected} after
+ * settlement, so batch and streaming callers share one access path.
+ */
+interface SubprocessOutcome {
+  /** Exit code; null when the process died from a signal. */
+  exitCode: number | null
+  /** Terminating signal (e.g. 'SIGTERM'); null on normal exit. */
+  signal: NodeJS.Signals | null
+}
+```
+
+## Service behavior
+
+The abstract [`SubprocessService`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts) seam defines `spawn` only; [`LocalSubprocessService`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/index.ts) is the local implementation (detached trees, per-disposition wiring, credential scrub, terminate-and-join disposal). See [`dsh-subprocess`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/README.md) for the seam contract and [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md) for the mechanics.
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# 进程管理器
+
+[English](subprocess.md) | 中文
+
+进程管理器 seam 分为接口（[dsh-subprocess](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess)，`ctx.subprocess`）与实现（[dsh-subprocess-local](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local)）；它的消费方是其他能力 seam 与进程外后端：[bash 执行器家族](bash.md)使用收集模式（collect）的批量输出，LSP 主机使用管道化的协议流 + 收集的 stderr 尾部，ACP（Agent Client Protocol）subagent 后端则使用管道化的协议流 + inherit 的 stderr。该 seam 拥有受管的 `DSH_*` 环境命名空间、共享的凭据清除（`scrubbedParentEnv`）与 `CollectedOutput` 形状；[dsh-bash](../../packages/bash/bash) 重导出这套词汇，使 bash 消费方保持单一导入入口。
+
+源码：[`packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/types.ts`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/types.ts)
+
+## 受管环境命名空间与捕获的输出
+
+`DSH_*` 变量是归 Harness 所有的子进程事实；实现会在合并调用方显式 `env` 之前丢弃环境中已有的 `DSH_*` 名称，因此当前事实只会以有意提供的条目形式到达，每条被收集的流都通过 `CollectedOutput` 报告自身的截断与 spill 恢复状态。
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One environment key inside the managed {@link DSH_ENV_PREFIX} namespace. */
+type DshEnvironmentKey = `${typeof DSH_ENV_PREFIX}${string}`
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Trusted DeepSeek Harness variables for one child-process execution. */
+type DshEnvironment = Readonly<Record<DshEnvironmentKey, string>>
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One captured stream: the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. */
+interface CollectedOutput {
+  /** Collected text — the TAIL of the stream when truncated. */
+  text: string
+  /** True when bytes were dropped from `text`. */
+  truncated: boolean
+  /** Path to a file holding the COMPLETE stream, when truncated and available. */
+  spillPath?: string
+}
+```
+
+## Node 形状的 stdio 处置方式（disposition）
+
+每条流的处置方式都显式给出，由各消费方自行选择：原始管道用于协议分帧（LSP JSON-RPC、ACP ndjson），inherit 用于直通的诊断输出，收集模式用于有界的批量输出；其中 spill 文件是可选的，因此诊断尾部（语言服务器的 stderr）可以只在内存中缓冲，不留下任何文件。
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * stdin disposition. `'ignore'` leaves fd 0 on `/dev/null`; `'pipe'` exposes
+ * {@link SubprocessHandle.stdin} for the caller's ongoing protocol writes;
+ * `{ data }` writes the bytes and closes (the batch shape).
+ */
+type SubprocessStdinMode = 'ignore' | 'pipe' | { readonly data: string }
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Bounded in-memory collection for one output stream, with an optional
+ * full-stream spill file. Omitting `spill` keeps only the in-memory tail —
+ * the diagnostic-tail shape (a language server's stderr); including it makes
+ * the complete stream recoverable up to its cap (the bash tool shape).
+ */
+interface SubprocessCollect {
+  /** In-memory cap in bytes; overflow keeps the TAIL. */
+  maxBytes: number
+  /** Full-stream spill file; absent disables spilling entirely. */
+  spill?: {
+    /** Whole-stream byte cap; a larger stream discards its now-incomplete spill. */
+    maxBytes: number
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * stdout/stderr disposition. `'pipe'` exposes the raw `Readable` for the
+ * caller's protocol decoding; `'inherit'` passes the parent's descriptor
+ * through (child diagnostics land on the harness's own stream); a
+ * {@link SubprocessCollect} object buffers boundedly with offset-based reads.
+ */
+type SubprocessOutputMode = 'pipe' | 'inherit' | SubprocessCollect
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Per-stream stdio dispositions, all explicit — this seam applies no defaults. */
+interface SubprocessStdio {
+  stdin: SubprocessStdinMode
+  stdout: SubprocessOutputMode
+  stderr: SubprocessOutputMode
+}
+```
+
+## 完全显式的 spawn spec
+
+该 seam 不应用任何默认值：每项处置方式、限制与目录都在 spec 上显式给出，因此由调用方自己的配置决定它们，而不是由某个隐藏的进程管理器默认值决定。`argv` 绝不经过 shell 解释。
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * A fully-specified spawn request. This seam applies no defaults: every
+ * disposition, limit, and directory is explicit, so the caller's own config —
+ * not a hidden subprocess-service default — decides them (the `dsh-bash`
+ * request/spec split is the owning template).
+ */
+interface SubprocessSpawnSpec {
+  /** Executable and arguments; `argv[0]` is the program. Never shell-interpreted here. */
+  argv: readonly string[]
+  /** Working directory for the child. */
+  cwd: string
+  /** Per-stream stdio dispositions. */
+  stdio: SubprocessStdio
+  /**
+   * Grace period in milliseconds for the {@link SubprocessHandle.terminate}
+   * escalation and for draining still-open collected pipes after the process
+   * exits (an inherited descriptor held by a surviving descendant cannot hold
+   * the outcome open indefinitely).
+   */
+  graceMs: number
+  /**
+   * Abort signal — starts the terminate escalation on the process tree when
+   * it fires. The caller owns deadlines and cause classification; this seam
+   * only reacts to the abort.
+   */
+  signal?: AbortSignal | undefined
+  /**
+   * Explicit environment entries merged onto the implementation's scrubbed
+   * parent base (see `scrubbedParentEnv`), with no namespace validation:
+   * every entry is a deliberate caller opt-in, so a forwarded
+   * credential-shaped entry or a current `DSH_*` fact survives precisely
+   * because this layer merges after the scrub that drops its ambient
+   * namesake.
+   */
+  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
+}
+```
+
+## 句柄：流、读取器与以进程树为范围的终止
+
+spawn 会立即返回一个实时句柄。收集模式的读取器接受全流字节偏移量且从不消费，因此独立的读取器不会抢走彼此的增量；管道化的流归调用方所有。终止在每个平台上都以进程树为范围：`terminate()`（唯一的终止动词）执行 SIGTERM→宽限期→SIGKILL 升级，`waitForExit()` 观察整棵进程树——这足以让消费方构建自己的拆卸阶梯（ACP 后端以 stdin EOF 打头的 `disposeAcpChild` 即是模板）。
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * A live child process rooted in its own process tree. Collected output
+ * remains readable after exit; piped streams belong to the caller.
+ *
+ * Termination is tree-scoped everywhere: POSIX signals the detached process
+ * group (falling back to the direct child when the group is gone), Windows
+ * terminates the tree via `taskkill /T`, so helper processes cannot outlive
+ * the handle unnoticed.
+ */
+interface SubprocessHandle {
+  /** Process id (tree root); -1 when the spawn itself failed. */
+  readonly pid: number
+  /** The child's stdin, present iff spawned with `stdin: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stdin: Writable | undefined
+  /** The child's raw stdout, present iff spawned with `stdout: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stdout: Readable | undefined
+  /** The child's raw stderr, present iff spawned with `stderr: 'pipe'`. */
+  readonly stderr: Readable | undefined
+  /** Offset-based readers for collect-mode streams (also readable after exit). */
+  readonly collected: SubprocessCollectedOutputs
+  /** Resolves at process close with exit facts; rejects only for spawn-level failures. */
+  readonly done: Promise<SubprocessOutcome>
+  /**
+   * Begin the SIGTERM → `graceMs` → SIGKILL escalation on the process tree
+   * (Windows force-terminates immediately) — the seam's only termination
+   * verb. Idempotent, a no-op once the tree is gone (the pid may be reused),
+   * and also triggered by the spec's abort signal.
+   */
+  terminate(): void
+  /**
+   * Wait until the process tree has exited — the tree, not just the direct
+   * child, so a still-running helper is observable before teardown returns.
+   * @param signal - optional bound for the wait.
+   * @returns `true` when the tree exited, `false` when the signal aborted first.
+   */
+  waitForExit(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<boolean>
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Cursor-free incremental access to one collected output stream. Offsets are
+ * whole-stream byte coordinates owned by the caller, so independent readers
+ * cannot consume one another's output; `readFrom(0)` after settlement is the
+ * batch result (`lossy` then means the in-memory tail lost its head — the
+ * {@link CollectedOutput.truncated} fact).
+ */
+interface SubprocessOutputReader {
+  /**
+   * Read everything captured since `fromByte`. When that offset has slid out
+   * of the in-memory tail window the read is `lossy` — it returns the whole
+   * retained tail and the gap is only recoverable from the spill file.
+   * @param fromByte - whole-stream offset to resume from (a prior read's `nextOffset`; 0 for the first read).
+   * @returns the delta text, the next offset, the `lossy` flag, and the spill path when one exists.
+   */
+  readFrom(fromByte: number): SubprocessOutputRead
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** One incremental {@link SubprocessOutputReader.readFrom} read. */
+interface SubprocessOutputRead {
+  /** Stream text from the requested offset (the whole retained tail when lossy). */
+  text: string
+  /** Whole-stream offset to resume from on the next read. */
+  nextOffset: number
+  /** True when the requested offset slid out of the in-memory tail window. */
+  lossy: boolean
+  /** Path to the full-stream spill file, when one was created and remains intact. */
+  spillPath?: string
+}
+```
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/** Offset-based readers for the streams spawned in collect mode. */
+interface SubprocessCollectedOutputs {
+  /** Present iff stdout is a {@link SubprocessCollect}. */
+  readonly stdout?: SubprocessOutputReader
+  /** Present iff stderr is a {@link SubprocessCollect}. */
+  readonly stderr?: SubprocessOutputReader
+}
+```
+
+
+## 结果只承载退出事实
+
+`done` 报告 Node close 事件的词汇，不携带原因分类：服务会在中止时终止进程，但绝不判定原因（调用方读取归自己所有的 deadline 信号，例如 bash 执行器的 `timedOut`/`aborted` 拆分）。收集到的输出在结算后仍可经 `handle.collected` 读取，因此批量与流式调用方共用一条访问路径。
+
+```ts type-equiv
+/**
+ * Exit facts of one closed process — Node's `close`-event vocabulary.
+ * Deliberately carries NO timeout or cancellation classification (the caller
+ * reads the signal it owns to classify causes) and NO output: collected
+ * streams stay readable through {@link SubprocessHandle.collected} after
+ * settlement, so batch and streaming callers share one access path.
+ */
+interface SubprocessOutcome {
+  /** Exit code; null when the process died from a signal. */
+  exitCode: number | null
+  /** Terminating signal (e.g. 'SIGTERM'); null on normal exit. */
+  signal: NodeJS.Signals | null
+}
+```
+
+## 服务行为
+
+抽象的 [`SubprocessService`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/src/index.ts) seam 只定义 `spawn`；[`LocalSubprocessService`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/src/index.ts) 是本地实现（detached 进程树、按处置方式接线的流、凭据清除、先终止再等待退出的 dispose（资源释放））。seam 契约见 [`dsh-subprocess`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess/README.md)，具体机制见 [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md)。
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ flowchart TD
    pkg_subagent_fork["subagent-fork"]
    pkg_subagent_inprocess["subagent-inprocess"]
    pkg_subagent_spawn["subagent-spawn"]
-    pkg_subagent_subprocess["subagent-subprocess"]
    pkg_tool_subagent["tool-subagent"]
  end
  subgraph group_web["packages/web"]
@@ -212,6 +211,10 @@ flowchart TD
    pkg_storage_json["storage-json"]
    pkg_storage_sqlite["storage-sqlite"]
  end
+  subgraph group_subprocess["packages/subprocess"]
+    pkg_subprocess["subprocess"]
+    pkg_subprocess_local["subprocess-local"]
+  end
  subgraph group_tasks["packages/tasks"]
    pkg_tasks["tasks"]
    pkg_tasks_local["tasks-local"]
@@ -232,7 +235,6 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_timeout --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_scope --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_skill --> pkg_invariants
-  pkg_subagent_subprocess --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_acp_snapshot --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_llm_mock_server --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_loader_smoke --> pkg_invariants
@@ -249,6 +251,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_host_apiproxy --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_host_webserver --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_storage --> pkg_invariants
+  pkg_subprocess --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_llm --> pkg_brand
  pkg_llm --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_client_connection --> pkg_host_webserver
@@ -280,6 +283,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_client_ui_workspace --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_helper --> pkg_brand
  pkg_helper --> pkg_invariants
+  pkg_helper --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_telemetry --> pkg_brand
  pkg_telemetry --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_telemetry --> pkg_paths
@@ -289,6 +293,8 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_storage_json --> pkg_storage
  pkg_storage_sqlite --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_storage_sqlite --> pkg_storage
+  pkg_subprocess_local --> pkg_invariants
+  pkg_subprocess_local --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_llm_deepseek --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_llm_deepseek --> pkg_llm
  pkg_llm_deepseek --> pkg_timeout
@@ -345,6 +351,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_agent --> pkg_system_prompt
  pkg_bash --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_bash --> pkg_sandbox
+  pkg_bash --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_fs --> pkg_brand
  pkg_fs --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_fs --> pkg_llm
@@ -399,6 +406,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_lsp_local --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_lsp_local --> pkg_llm
  pkg_lsp_local --> pkg_lsp
+  pkg_lsp_local --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_lsp_local --> pkg_timeout
  pkg_sandbox_local --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_sandbox_local --> pkg_llm
@@ -419,6 +427,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_goal --> pkg_session
  pkg_bash_local --> pkg_bash
  pkg_bash_local --> pkg_invariants
+  pkg_bash_local --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_bash_local --> pkg_timeout
  pkg_fs_local --> pkg_fs
  pkg_fs_local --> pkg_invariants
@@ -556,6 +565,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_pty_local --> pkg_sandbox
  pkg_pty_local --> pkg_sandbox_policy
  pkg_pty_local --> pkg_session
+  pkg_pty_local --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_tasks_local --> pkg_agent
  pkg_tasks_local --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_tasks_local --> pkg_tasks
@@ -693,6 +703,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_tool_lsp --> pkg_tools
  pkg_mcp_client --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_mcp_client --> pkg_llm
+  pkg_mcp_client --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_mcp_client --> pkg_tools
  pkg_tool_pty --> pkg_agent
  pkg_tool_pty --> pkg_invariants
@@ -719,7 +730,7 @@ flowchart TD
  pkg_subagent_acp --> pkg_llm
  pkg_subagent_acp --> pkg_session
  pkg_subagent_acp --> pkg_subagent
-  pkg_subagent_acp --> pkg_subagent_subprocess
+  pkg_subagent_acp --> pkg_subprocess
  pkg_subagent_inprocess --> pkg_agent
  pkg_subagent_inprocess --> pkg_invariants
  pkg_subagent_inprocess --> pkg_llm
@@ -858,7 +869,6 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) | `util` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`scope`](../packages/core/scope) | `core` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`skill`](../packages/skill/skill) | `skill` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
-| [`subagent-subprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-subprocess) | `subagent` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`acp-snapshot`](../packages/support/acp-snapshot) | `support` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`llm-mock-server`](../packages/support/llm-mock-server) | `support` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`loader-smoke`](../packages/support/loader-smoke) | `support` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
@@ -875,6 +885,7 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`host-apiproxy`](../packages/host/apiproxy) | `host` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`host-webserver`](../packages/host/webserver) | `host` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`storage`](../packages/storage/storage) | `storage` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
+| [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) | `subprocess` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm) | `llm` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`client-connection`](../packages/client/connection) | `client` | [`host-webserver`](../packages/host/webserver), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`client-hmr`](../packages/client/hmr) | `client` | [`client-modules`](../packages/client/modules), [`host-webserver`](../packages/host/webserver), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
@@ -884,11 +895,12 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`client-ui-sidebar`](../packages/client/ui-sidebar) | `client` | [`client-runtime`](../packages/client/runtime), [`client-ui-primitives`](../packages/client/ui-primitives), [`client-ui-slots`](../packages/client/ui-slots), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`client-ui-slash`](../packages/client/ui-slash) | `client` | [`client-runtime`](../packages/client/runtime), [`client-ui-slots`](../packages/client/ui-slots), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`client-ui-workspace`](../packages/client/ui-workspace) | `client` | [`client-runtime`](../packages/client/runtime), [`client-ui-primitives`](../packages/client/ui-primitives), [`client-ui-slots`](../packages/client/ui-slots), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
-| [`helper`](../packages/sdk/helper) | `sdk` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
+| [`helper`](../packages/sdk/helper) | `sdk` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) |
 | [`telemetry`](../packages/sdk/telemetry) | `sdk` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`paths`](../packages/util/paths) |
 | [`storage-domain`](../packages/storage/storage-domain) | `storage` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`storage`](../packages/storage/storage) |
 | [`storage-json`](../packages/storage/storage-json) | `storage` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`storage`](../packages/storage/storage) |
 | [`storage-sqlite`](../packages/storage/storage-sqlite) | `storage` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`storage`](../packages/storage/storage) |
+| [`subprocess-local`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess-local) | `subprocess` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) |
 | [`llm-deepseek`](../packages/llm/llm-deepseek) | `llm` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`llm-pi-ai`](../packages/llm/llm-pi-ai) | `llm` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`session`](../packages/core/session) | `core` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`scope`](../packages/core/scope) |
@@ -903,7 +915,7 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox) | `sandbox` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm) |
 | [`token-meter`](../packages/llm/token-meter) | `llm` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent) | `core` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`scope`](../packages/core/scope), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt) |
-| [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash) | `bash` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox) |
+| [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash) | `bash` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) |
 | [`fs`](../packages/fs/fs) | `fs` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox) |
 | [`compact`](../packages/compact/compact) | `compact` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`compact-tool-result-prune`](../packages/compact/compact-tool-result-prune) | `compact` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
@@ -919,12 +931,12 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`client-ui-command`](../packages/client/ui-command) | `client` | [`client-connection`](../packages/client/connection), [`client-runtime`](../packages/client/runtime), [`client-ui-conversation`](../packages/client/ui-conversation), [`client-ui-primitives`](../packages/client/ui-primitives), [`client-ui-slash`](../packages/client/ui-slash), [`client-ui-slots`](../packages/client/ui-slots), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`client-ui-layout`](../packages/client/ui-layout) | `client` | [`client-runtime`](../packages/client/runtime), [`client-ui-slots`](../packages/client/ui-slots), [`client-ui-theme`](../packages/client/ui-theme), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`code-runtime-worker`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker) | `code-runtime` | [`code-runtime`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
-| [`lsp-local`](../packages/lsp/lsp-local) | `lsp` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`lsp`](../packages/lsp/lsp), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
+| [`lsp-local`](../packages/lsp/lsp-local) | `lsp` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`lsp`](../packages/lsp/lsp), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`sandbox-local`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local) | `sandbox` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox) |
 | [`sandbox-policy`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-policy) | `sandbox` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`llm-retry`](../packages/llm/llm-retry) | `llm` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`goal`](../packages/goal/goal) | `goal` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`scope`](../packages/core/scope), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
-| [`bash-local`](../packages/bash/bash-local) | `bash` | [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
+| [`bash-local`](../packages/bash/bash-local) | `bash` | [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`fs-local`](../packages/fs/fs-local) | `fs` | [`fs`](../packages/fs/fs), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`fs-policy`](../packages/fs/fs-policy) | `fs` | [`fs`](../packages/fs/fs), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants) |
 | [`skill-local`](../packages/skill/skill-local) | `skill` | [`fs`](../packages/fs/fs), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`paths`](../packages/util/paths), [`skill`](../packages/skill/skill) |
@@ -955,7 +967,7 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`acp`](../packages/acp/acp) | `acp` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`user-approval`](../packages/ui/user-approval) |
 | [`permission`](../packages/ui/permission) | `ui` | [`bash`](../packages/bash/bash), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`sandbox-policy`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-policy), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`user-approval`](../packages/ui/user-approval) |
 | [`session-reference`](../packages/context/session-reference) | `context` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`compact`](../packages/compact/compact), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`retention`](../packages/util/retention), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`session-query`](../packages/session-query/session-query) |
-| [`pty-local`](../packages/pty/pty-local) | `pty` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`pty`](../packages/pty/pty), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`sandbox-policy`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-policy), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
+| [`pty-local`](../packages/pty/pty-local) | `pty` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`pty`](../packages/pty/pty), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`sandbox-policy`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-policy), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) |
 | [`tasks-local`](../packages/tasks/tasks-local) | `tasks` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`tasks`](../packages/tasks/tasks), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |
 | [`agent-loop`](../packages/core/agent-loop) | `core` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`scope`](../packages/core/scope), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`session-persistence`](../packages/session-persistence/session-persistence), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-goal`](../packages/goal/tool-goal) | `goal` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`goal`](../packages/goal/goal), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
@@ -978,11 +990,11 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`workspace-context`](../packages/context/workspace-context) | `context` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`fs`](../packages/fs/fs), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`paths`](../packages/util/paths), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`repeat-tool-guard`](../packages/guard/repeat-tool-guard) | `guard` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-lsp`](../packages/lsp/tool-lsp) | `lsp` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`lsp`](../packages/lsp/lsp), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
-| [`mcp-client`](../packages/mcp/mcp-client) | `mcp` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
+| [`mcp-client`](../packages/mcp/mcp-client) | `mcp` | [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-pty`](../packages/pty/tool-pty) | `pty` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`pty`](../packages/pty/pty), [`retention`](../packages/util/retention), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tasks`](../packages/tasks/tasks), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-tasks`](../packages/tasks/tool-tasks) | `tasks` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`retention`](../packages/util/retention), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tasks`](../packages/tasks/tasks), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-workflow`](../packages/workflow/tool-workflow) | `workflow` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools), [`workflow`](../packages/workflow/workflow) |
-| [`subagent-acp`](../packages/subagent/subagent-acp) | `subagent` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent), [`subagent-subprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-subprocess) |
+| [`subagent-acp`](../packages/subagent/subagent-acp) | `subagent` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent), [`subprocess`](../packages/subprocess/subprocess) |
 | [`subagent-inprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess) | `subagent` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent), [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`tool-subagent`](../packages/subagent/tool-subagent) | `subagent` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent), [`tasks`](../packages/tasks/tasks), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
 | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude) | `hooks` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`hook-protocol`](../packages/hooks/hook-protocol), [`invariants`](../packages/support/invariants), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`session-persistence`](../packages/session-persistence/session-persistence), [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent), [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) |
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ flowchart LR
  cfg --> plugin_acp_sandbox
  plugin_acp_sandbox_policy["sandbox-policy<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy"]
  cfg --> plugin_acp_sandbox_policy
+  plugin_acp_subprocess["subprocess<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local"]
+  cfg --> plugin_acp_subprocess
  plugin_acp_bash["bash<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox"]
  cfg --> plugin_acp_bash
  plugin_acp_approval["approval<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-user-approval"]
@@ -68,6 +70,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | `llm-deepseek` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek` |
 | `sandbox` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local` |
 | `sandbox-policy` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy` |
+| `subprocess` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` |
 | `bash` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox` |
 | `approval` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-user-approval` |
 | `acp-agent` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-acp-demo` |
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
    mode: !!js "process.env.DSH_PERMISSION_MODE ?? (process.env.DSH_SNAPSHOT === undefined ? 'workspace-write' : 'danger-full-access')"
    workspaceRoot: !!js process.cwd()

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
  config:
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 - id: subagent
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent'

+# The out-of-process ACP backend spawns its child through the subprocess seam.
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: subagent-acp
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subagent-acp'
  config:
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ flowchart LR
  cfg --> plugin_cordis_hmr
  plugin_cordis_llm_deepseek["llm-deepseek<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek"]
  cfg --> plugin_cordis_llm_deepseek
+  plugin_cordis_subprocess["subprocess<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local"]
+  cfg --> plugin_cordis_subprocess
  plugin_cordis_bash["bash<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local"]
  cfg --> plugin_cordis_bash
  plugin_cordis_fs_local["fs-local<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local"]
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | --- | --- |
 | `hmr` | `@cordisjs/plugin-hmr` |
 | `llm-deepseek` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek` |
+| `subprocess` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` |
 | `bash` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local` |
 | `fs-local` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local` |
 | `web` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-web` |
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@

 # Local bash executor for agent-spine-demo's tool-bash schema — gives the agent an
 # ordinary tool whose calls make the mounted listeners observably fire.
+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
  config:
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ flowchart LR
  cfg["examples/headless-agent<br/>cordis.yml"]
  plugin_headless_llm_deepseek["llm-deepseek<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek"]
  cfg --> plugin_headless_llm_deepseek
+  plugin_headless_subprocess["subprocess<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local"]
+  cfg --> plugin_headless_subprocess
  plugin_headless_bash["bash<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local"]
  cfg --> plugin_headless_bash
  plugin_headless_cli_agent["cli-agent<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-cli-demo"]
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | Plugin id | Package / module |
 | --- | --- |
 | `llm-deepseek` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek` |
+| `subprocess` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` |
 | `bash` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local` |
 | `cli-agent` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-cli-demo` |
 | `token-meter` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-token-meter` |
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
      - id: deepseek-v4-flash
        contextWindow: 128000

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
  config:
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@
    file: !!js process.env.DSH_SNAPSHOT_FILE
    overrideFile: !!js process.env.DSH_SNAPSHOT_OVERRIDE

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
  config:
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import AgentRegistry, { type Agent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent'

 import AgentLoop from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import * as ToolBash from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-bash'
 import * as LlmDeepSeek from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek'
 import { WorkerCodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ async function codeModeHarness(cwd: string): Promise<Context> {
  await harness.plugin(AgentRegistry)
  await harness.plugin(AgentLoop, { agents: [] })
  await harness.plugin(LlmDeepSeek)
+  await harness.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await harness.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { cwd, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  await harness.plugin(ToolBash)
  await harness.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, {})
@@ -114,6 +116,7 @@ async function backgroundCodeModeHarness(cwd: string): Promise<Context> {
  const harness = await typedCodeModeHarness()
  await harness.plugin(LocalTaskService)
  await harness.plugin(ToolTasks, {})
+  await harness.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await harness.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { cwd, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  await harness.plugin(ToolBash)
  return harness
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 - id: cli-mock-llm
  name: '../cli-mock-llm.ts'

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 - id: time-context-mock-llm
  name: './time-context-mock-llm.ts'

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { Agent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent'
 import AgentLoop from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop'
 import { mountAgentLoopTestDependencies } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop-testkit'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import * as ToolBash from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-bash'
 import * as ToolTodo from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-todo'
 import * as LlmDeepSeek from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek'
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ export async function codingHarness(workdir: string, options: CodingHarnessOptio
  await ctx.plugin(LlmDeepSeek, options.modelContextWindow === undefined ? {} : {
    models: [{ id: 'deepseek-v4-flash', contextWindow: options.modelContextWindow }],
  })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { cwd: workdir, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
  await ctx.plugin(ToolTodo)
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@
    thinking: enabled
    reasoningEffort: max

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
  config:
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-lsp": "workspace:*",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-lsp-local": "workspace:*",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-plan-mode": "workspace:*",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:*",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-permission": "workspace:*",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-pty": "workspace:*",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-pty-local": "workspace:*",
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ flowchart LR
  cfg --> plugin_tui_hmr
  plugin_tui_llm_deepseek["llm-deepseek<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek"]
  cfg --> plugin_tui_llm_deepseek
+  plugin_tui_subprocess["subprocess<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local"]
+  cfg --> plugin_tui_subprocess
  plugin_tui_bash["bash<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local"]
  cfg --> plugin_tui_bash
  plugin_tui_tui_agent["tui-agent<br/>@deepseek-ai/dsh-tui-demo"]
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | --- | --- |
 | `hmr` | `@cordisjs/plugin-hmr` |
 | `llm-deepseek` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek` |
+| `subprocess` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local` |
 | `bash` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local` |
 | `tui-agent` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tui-demo` |
 | `session-title-llm` | `@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-title-first-message-llm` |
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
    reasoningEffort: max

 # Local executor for the app bundle's bash tool.
+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
  config:
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 - id: scripted-llm
  name: './tui-scripted-llm.ts'

+# Managed child-process groups for the bash executor (spawn/kill/output plumbing).
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
+
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { scrubRequestHeaders } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-acp-snapshot'
 import type { Agent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent'
 import * as AgentCore from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-spine-demo'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import WorkerCodeRuntime from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
 import CommandService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-commands'
 import LocalFileSystem from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local'
@@ -220,6 +221,7 @@ async function mountScenarioContext(
    skills: { local: { agentsHome: join(cwd, '.agents') } },
  })
  await ctx.plugin(TokenMeterService)
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { cwd, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  await ctx.plugin(SnapshotLocalFileSystem, { cwd: '/' })
  await ctx.plugin(FsPolicy)
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
  "ignoreBinaries": [
    "bwrap",
    "python3",
-    "sandbox-exec"
+    "sandbox-exec",
+    "taskkill"
  ],
  "ignoreWorkspaces": [
    "vendor/*",
@@ -263,8 +264,14 @@
      ]
    },
    "packages/session-query/session-query-sqlite": {
-      "entry": ["tests/**/*.spec.ts", "tests/**/*.e2e.ts"],
-      "project": ["src/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.ts"]
+      "entry": [
+        "tests/**/*.spec.ts",
+        "tests/**/*.e2e.ts"
+      ],
+      "project": [
+        "src/**/*.ts",
+        "tests/**/*.ts"
+      ]
    },
    "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker": {
      "entry": [
@@ -317,8 +324,14 @@
      ]
    },
    "packages/session-persistence/session-checkpoint-policy": {
-      "entry": ["tests/**/*.spec.ts", "tests/**/*.e2e.ts"],
-      "project": ["src/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.ts"]
+      "entry": [
+        "tests/**/*.spec.ts",
+        "tests/**/*.e2e.ts"
+      ],
+      "project": [
+        "src/**/*.ts",
+        "tests/**/*.ts"
+      ]
    },
    "packages/util/paths": {
      "entry": [
@@ -489,15 +502,6 @@
        "tests/**/*.ts"
      ]
    },
-    "packages/subagent/subagent-subprocess": {
-      "entry": [
-        "tests/**/*.spec.ts"
-      ],
-      "project": [
-        "src/**/*.ts",
-        "tests/**/*.ts"
-      ]
-    },
    "packages/fs/tool-fs": {
      "entry": [
        "tests/**/*.spec.ts",
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-README.md: d7427c3f9892f56185cc1175245f14a6ccea0d25
-README.zh.md: 6894aa7333f6ba4bc5723871fb77c18b5fb518a1
+README.md: 911f18547120eb3dbbc9e42bbcd41e3b6d518cfe
+README.zh.md: d6e1f0bf9b38b40944f8e3cebea3f6d90dcaceb5
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Packages live at `packages/<group>/<pkg>/`; groups are containers, while names r
 | [`core/`](core/README.md) | Product API spine: sessions, prompts, tools, agent services, and the concrete loop | Product — stable surface |
 | [`goal/`](goal/README.md) | Persisted same-session goal state and lifecycle | Product — stable surface |
 | [`llm/`](llm/README.md) | LLM capability family: the abstract service + provider adapters | Product — stable surface |
+| [`subprocess/`](subprocess/README.md) | Subprocess capability family: spawn seam + local process-tree implementation | Product — stable surface |
 | [`bash/`](bash/README.md) | Bash capability family: executor seam, local impl, model-facing tool | Product — stable surface |
 | [`pty/`](pty/README.md) | Persistent PTY capability family: owner-scoped sessions, local implementation, and model-facing tools | Product — stable surface |
 | [`code-runtime/`](code-runtime/README.md) | Code-execution capability family: the runtime seam for model-written programs + a worker-thread backend | Product — stable surface |
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 | [`core/`](core/README.md) | 产品 API 主干：会话、提示词、工具、agent（智能体）服务与具体循环 | 产品：稳定表面 |
 | [`goal/`](goal/README.md) | 持久化的同会话 goal 状态与生命周期 | 产品：稳定表面 |
 | [`llm/`](llm/README.md) | LLM（大语言模型）能力系列：抽象服务 + 提供方适配器 | 产品：稳定表面 |
+| [`subprocess/`](subprocess/README.md) | 进程管理能力系列：spawn seam + 本地进程树实现 | 产品：稳定表面 |
 | [`bash/`](bash/README.md) | Bash 能力系列：执行器 seam、本地实现、面向模型的工具 | 产品：稳定表面 |
 | [`pty/`](pty/README.md) | 持久 PTY 能力系列：按所有者隔离的会话、本地实现和面向模型的工具 | 产品：稳定表面 |
 | [`code-runtime/`](code-runtime/README.md) | 代码执行能力系列：面向模型所写程序的运行时 seam + worker 线程后端 | 产品：稳定表面 |
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-README.md: 08b36270800cdd79c82d6781bbfb2e12e2dc2060
-README.zh.md: a98506a6cdf41e5b298b40e1b8e1faf0c4c917d2
+README.md: e60ad9b0e4c48cf35a2601e7dec4d2d50807707b
+README.zh.md: 57c28b45cf713aeaac725edb70d1fc24912c35db
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ The canonical three-package capability seam (see [capability seams](../../.agent

 | Package | Role | ctx key |
 |---|---|---|
-| `bash/` | Abstract bash executor seam (interface + vocabulary; sandbox result facts carry the [`sandbox/`](../sandbox/README.md) seam's mode/enforcement vocabulary) | `ctx.bash` |
-| `bash-local/` | Local-subprocess `BashExecutor` implementation | (registers `ctx.bash`) |
+| `bash/` | Abstract bash executor seam (interface + vocabulary; sandbox result facts carry the [`sandbox/`](../sandbox/README.md) seam's mode/enforcement vocabulary, and the managed-env/output vocabulary is re-exported from the [`subprocess/`](../subprocess/README.md) seam) | `ctx.bash` |
+| `bash-local/` | Local `BashExecutor` implementation over the [`subprocess/`](../subprocess/README.md) service (command defaulting, deadlines, terminal env, background-read merge) | (registers `ctx.bash`) |
 | `bash-sandbox/` | Sandbox-consuming `BashExecutor` (wraps every command argv via `ctx.sandbox`, stamps denial/enforcement facts; extends `bash-local`'s mechanics) | (registers `ctx.bash`) |
 | `tool-bash/` | Model-facing `bash` schema; background processes register with the generic [`tasks/`](../tasks/README.md) runtime | (registers on `ctx.tools`) |

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@

 | 包 | 职责 | ctx key |
 |---|---|---|
-| `bash/` | 抽象 bash 执行器 seam（接口 + 词汇；沙箱结果事实携带 [`sandbox/`](../sandbox/README.md) seam 的模式／强制执行词汇） | `ctx.bash` |
-| `bash-local/` | 本地子进程 `BashExecutor` 实现 | （注册 `ctx.bash`） |
+| `bash/` | 抽象 bash 执行器 seam（接口 + 词汇；沙箱结果事实携带 [`sandbox/`](../sandbox/README.md) seam 的模式／强制执行词汇，受管环境／输出词汇则从 [`subprocess/`](../subprocess/README.md) seam 重导出） | `ctx.bash` |
+| `bash-local/` | 构建在 [`subprocess/`](../subprocess/README.md) 服务之上的本地 `BashExecutor` 实现（命令默认值补全、deadline、终端环境、后台读取合并） | （注册 `ctx.bash`） |
 | `bash-sandbox/` | 消费沙箱的 `BashExecutor`（通过 `ctx.sandbox` 包装每个命令 argv，标记拒绝／强制执行事实；扩展 `bash-local` 的机制） | （注册 `ctx.bash`） |
 | `tool-bash/` | 面向模型的 `bash` schema；后台进程注册到通用 [`tasks/`](../tasks/README.md) 运行时 | （注册到 `ctx.tools`） |

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-README.md: 1668f33e8acf6d749d4d3753478c12d48a19ac3c
-README.zh.md: 0e0a4ad41b532e39f6f2470aa981a08b6d6230c1
+README.md: 694b7a7686ea6c38da5a354ff6b6e6d2c4520706
+README.zh.md: aa6de87df48ee943ccdd2c6227ad977f596b5516
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@

 English | [中文](README.zh.md)

-Local-subprocess implementation of the `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash` executor seam: `LocalBashExecutor` spawns `bash -c <command>` per call in its own process group, collects bounded output with size-limited full-stream spill files, and escalates kills SIGTERM→SIGKILL across the whole group.
+Local implementation of the `@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash` executor seam over the [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess`](../../subprocess/subprocess/README.md) service: `LocalBashExecutor` spawns `bash -c <command>` per call as a managed process group through `ctx.subprocess`, and owns everything bash-shaped — command defaulting and caps, timeout/cancel classification, the model-friendly terminal environment, and the model-facing stdout/stderr merge for background reads. Group mechanics (bounded spill-backed output, credential scrub, kill escalation, disposal) are the subprocess service's.

-The package root exports the default and named `LocalBashExecutor` plugin plus its `Config`; subprocess plumbing stays internal to the implementation package.
+The package root exports the default and named `LocalBashExecutor` plugin plus its `Config`.

 ## Config

@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ The package root exports the default and named `LocalBashExecutor` plugin plus i

 Design surveyed against the bash tools of Claude Code, OpenCode, Codex, and pi; the notable choices:

- **Spawn per call, no shell state** — every call is a fresh non-login `bash -c` (deterministic; no rc files). All four surveyed tools spawn per call. `XXX(stateful-shell)` in `src/run.ts` records the two proven stateful designs (Claude Code's cwd-only persistence; Codex's PTY exec sessions) for when real workflows demand them.
- **Process-group kills with escalation** — children are spawned `detached` (own process group); kills send SIGTERM to the group, then SIGKILL after the `graceMs` grace (default 3s — OpenCode's escalation; pipelines and subshells die with the parent). After the main shell exits, inherited stdout/stderr pipes receive the same bounded drain grace so a surviving descendant cannot hold the command open indefinitely. ESRCH is tolerated; daemons that re-parent away from the group can still survive — same caveat as the surveyed tools.
- **Tail-keep truncation + bounded spill files** — output beyond `maxOutputBytes` keeps the in-memory TAIL (errors/results cluster at the end — pi/OpenCode rationale) while the FULL stream is appended to a temp file whose path is reported when available. A foreground `BashExecRequest.stdoutMaxBytes` can raise stdout's capture budget for one trusted caller; stderr and background tasks still use `maxOutputBytes`. A stream larger than `maxSpillBytes` discards its now-incomplete spill and returns only the marked truncated tail. If the final spill close reports a delayed writeback failure, the executor likewise withholds the path rather than advertising an incomplete file.
- **Model-friendly env + credential scrub** — `process.env` minus credential-shaped vars (`*KEY*`/`*SECRET*`/`*TOKEN*`) and all ambient `DSH_*` names, then `NO_COLOR=1 TERM=dumb PAGER=cat GIT_PAGER=cat` (Codex's hardcoded set) so pagers and ANSI color don't garble results. A spec's ordinary `env` is merged after the scrub but rejects `DSH_*`; managed `dshEnv` rejects ordinary names and merges last, preventing stale nested-harness identity. Supplied stdin is written and closed; otherwise fd 0 is `/dev/null`. See the [stdin/env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) and [managed environment Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md).
- **Background processes** — `start()` returns a live `BashProcess` handle immediately, no timeout applies (Claude Code detaches timeouts when backgrounding), the handle's `readOutput()` is incremental with whole-stream byte offsets, and disposal kills every running process and awaits its exit. Everything task-shaped (ids, ownership, polling, notices) lives in the generic [`ctx.tasks` runtime](../../tasks/tasks/README.md), which the tool layer registers the handle with — this executor never sees a session or a registry.
+- **Spawn per call, no shell state** — every call is a fresh non-login `bash -c` (deterministic; no rc files). All four surveyed tools spawn per call. `XXX(stateful-shell)` in `src/index.ts` records the two proven stateful designs (Claude Code's cwd-only persistence; Codex's PTY exec sessions) for when real workflows demand them.
+- **Configured budgets over managed groups** — `resolve()` fills `workdir`/`timeoutMs`/`stdoutMaxBytes` from config, and every spawn hands the service explicit byte caps, spill cap, and `graceMs` (default 3s — OpenCode's escalation). Process-group kills, the post-exit pipe-drain grace, tail-keep truncation, and bounded spill files are [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md) mechanics. A foreground `BashExecRequest.stdoutMaxBytes` can raise stdout's capture budget for one trusted caller; stderr and background runs still use `maxOutputBytes`.
+- **Timeout and cancel classification** — `run()` fuses its config-clamped timeout with the caller's signal through one deadline; only the executor's own timeout reports `timedOut`, an upstream cancel reports `aborted`, and a self-signaled command reports neither ([timeout-library Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.md)).
+- **Model-friendly terminal env** — `NO_COLOR=1 TERM=dumb PAGER=cat GIT_PAGER=cat` (Codex's hardcoded set) so pagers and ANSI color don't garble results, merged as ordinary env under the service's credential scrub and `DSH_*` channel rules; an explicit caller entry still wins. See the [stdin/env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) and [managed environment Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md).
+- **Background processes** — `start()` returns a live `BashProcess` handle immediately, no timeout applies (Claude Code detaches timeouts when backgrounding), and the handle's `readOutput()` merges the service's offset-based stdout/stderr reads into one marked-section delta with a consuming cursor. A still-running process belongs to the subprocess service, so it survives executor reloads and dies (killed and joined) with the service's disposal. Everything task-shaped (ids, ownership, polling, notices) lives in the generic [`ctx.tasks` runtime](../../tasks/tasks/README.md), which the tool layer registers the handle with — this executor never sees a session or a registry.

 ## Model Experience

@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ No direct invalidation; the named consumer owns any request-prefix changes.

 - **Unconfined by itself** — this executor always runs commands with the harness process's authority; deployments needing confinement compose [`dsh-bash-sandbox`](../bash-sandbox/README.md), while per-call allow/deny/ask policy belongs on `tools/pre-execute`.
 - **No persistent shell or PTY** — every call starts a fresh non-login `bash -c`; cwd-only persistence and interactive terminal sessions remain deferred until a real workflow requires them.
- **POSIX-only** — the `bash` binary, detached process groups, group kills, and SIGTERM→SIGKILL escalation are hardcoded; Windows is unsupported.
- **The credential scrub is a name heuristic** — `*KEY*`/`*SECRET*`/`*TOKEN*` only; differently-named secrets (e.g. `*PASSWORD*`) pass through, and a whitelist for over-scrubbed vars is noted future work.
- **Completed spill files are not deleted** — bounded full-output recovery files (and the private per-process spill dir) accumulate under the OS tmpdir until something external cleans them; oversize incomplete spills are discarded and deletion is attempted immediately, but a cleanup failure can leave a bounded file behind.
+- **POSIX-only** — the `bash` binary is hardcoded, and the underlying service's group semantics are POSIX; Windows is unsupported.
+- **A background spawn-failure note is single-delivery** — the subprocess service buffers no output for a process that never ran, so the executor injects `spawn failed: …` into exactly one `readOutput()` delta; a reader that discards that delta cannot recover it.

-The raw process handling lives in `src/run.ts`; `src/index.ts` is the service wiring.
+Scrub-heuristic and spill-retention caveats live with [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md), which owns those mechanics.
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@

 [English](README.md) | 中文

-`@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash` 执行器 seam 的本地子进程实现：`LocalBashExecutor` 每次调用都会在独立进程组中 spawn `bash -c <command>`，收集有界输出，并用限制大小的完整流 spill 文件保留超量内容，随后针对整个进程组从 SIGTERM 逐步升级为 SIGKILL。
+`@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash` 执行器 seam 的本地实现，构建在 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess`](../../subprocess/subprocess/README.md) 服务之上：`LocalBashExecutor` 每次调用都通过 `ctx.subprocess` 把 `bash -c <command>` 作为受管进程组 spawn，并拥有所有 bash 形态的职责（命令默认值补全与上限、超时与取消分类、适合模型的终端环境，以及后台读取时面向模型的 stdout/stderr 合并）。进程组机制（以 spill 文件兜底的有界输出、凭据清除、kill 升级、dispose（资源释放））归进程管理器服务所有。

-包根目录导出默认与具名的 `LocalBashExecutor` 插件及其 `Config`；子进程管道细节保留在该实现包内部。
+包根目录导出默认与具名的 `LocalBashExecutor` 插件及其 `Config`。

 ## 配置

@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@

 设计时调研了 Claude Code、OpenCode、Codex 和 pi 的 bash 工具，主要取舍如下：

- **每次调用都 spawn，不保留 shell 状态**：每次调用都启动新的非登录 `bash -c`（行为确定，不读取 rc 文件）。调研的四种工具均会每次调用单独 spawn。`XXX(stateful-shell)` 位于 `src/run.ts`，记录了两种已验证的有状态设计（Claude Code 仅持久化 cwd；Codex 使用 PTY exec 会话），供真实工作流程需要时采用。
- **使用逐步升级终止整个进程组**：子进程使用 `detached` spawn（拥有独立进程组）；终止时先向该组发送 SIGTERM，经过 `graceMs` 宽限期后再发送 SIGKILL（默认 3 秒，沿用 OpenCode 的升级策略；管道与子 shell 会随父进程一起结束）。主 shell 退出后，继承的 stdout/stderr 管道也只获得同样有界的排空宽限期，因此存活的后代进程无法无限期地阻止命令结束。系统会容忍 ESRCH；脱离该组重新挂载的 daemon 仍可能存活，这与调研工具的局限相同。
- **保留尾部的截断 + 有界 spill 文件**：输出超过 `maxOutputBytes` 后，内存中保留尾部（错误／结果通常聚集在末尾，沿用 pi/OpenCode 的理由），同时将完整流追加到临时文件，并在可用时报告该路径。前台 `BashExecRequest.stdoutMaxBytes` 可为某个受信任调用方提高单次 stdout 捕获预算；stderr 和后台任务仍使用 `maxOutputBytes`。某个流大于 `maxSpillBytes` 时，会丢弃已不完整的 spill，仅返回带截断标记的尾部。如果最终关闭 spill 时报告延迟写回失败，执行器同样不会公布路径，以免声称存在不完整的文件。
- **适合模型的环境变量 + 凭证清理**：以 `process.env` 为基础，移除形似凭证的变量（`*KEY*`／`*SECRET*`／`*TOKEN*`）和所有环境中的 `DSH_*` 名称，再设置 `NO_COLOR=1 TERM=dumb PAGER=cat GIT_PAGER=cat`（Codex 硬编码的集合），防止分页器与 ANSI 颜色破坏结果。spec 的普通 `env` 在清理后合并，但会拒绝 `DSH_*`；受管 `dshEnv` 会拒绝普通名称并最后合并，防止遗留嵌套 harness 身份。提供的 stdin 会被写入后关闭；否则 fd 0 指向 `/dev/null`。详见 [stdin/env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) 与 [受管环境 Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md)。
- **后台进程**：`start()` 会立即返回实时 `BashProcess` 句柄，不应用超时（Claude Code 在转为后台时会解除超时）；句柄的 `readOutput()` 使用全流字节偏移量进行增量读取；dispose 会终止每个运行中的进程并等待其退出。所有具有任务形态的事项（id、所有权、轮询、通知）都属于通用 [`ctx.tasks` 运行时](../../tasks/tasks/README.md)，工具层会在其中注册该句柄；本执行器不会接触会话或注册表。
+- **每次调用都 spawn，不保留 shell 状态**：每次调用都启动新的非登录 `bash -c`（行为确定，不读取 rc 文件）。调研的四种工具均会每次调用单独 spawn。`XXX(stateful-shell)` 位于 `src/index.ts`，记录了两种已验证的有状态设计（Claude Code 仅持久化 cwd；Codex 使用 PTY exec 会话），供真实工作流程需要时采用。
+- **在受管进程组之上应用配置预算**：`resolve()` 从配置补全 `workdir`／`timeoutMs`／`stdoutMaxBytes`，每次 spawn 都向服务传入显式的字节上限、spill 上限与 `graceMs`（默认 3 秒，沿用 OpenCode 的升级策略）。进程组终止、退出后的管道排空宽限期、尾部保留截断与有界 spill 文件是 [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md) 的机制。前台 `BashExecRequest.stdoutMaxBytes` 可为某个受信任调用方提高单次 stdout 捕获预算；stderr 和后台运行仍使用 `maxOutputBytes`。
+- **超时与取消分类**：`run()` 通过同一个 deadline 把经配置钳位的超时与调用方的信号融合；只有执行器自身的超时报告 `timedOut`，上游取消报告 `aborted`，自行发出信号终止的命令两者皆不报告（见[超时库 Agent Note（agent 决策记录）](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-07-06-timeout-deadline-library.md)）。
+- **适合模型的终端环境**：设置 `NO_COLOR=1 TERM=dumb PAGER=cat GIT_PAGER=cat`（Codex 硬编码的集合），防止分页器与 ANSI 颜色破坏结果；这些条目作为普通 env 合并，遵循服务的凭据清除与 `DSH_*` 通道规则；调用方的显式条目依旧优先。详见 [stdin/env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) 与 [受管环境 Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md)。
+- **后台进程**：`start()` 会立即返回实时 `BashProcess` 句柄，不应用超时（Claude Code 在转为后台时会解除超时）；句柄的 `readOutput()` 把服务基于偏移量的 stdout/stderr 读取合并为一条带标记分节的增量，由一个消费游标驱动。仍在运行的进程归进程管理器服务所有，因此它能在执行器重载后存活，并随服务的 dispose 被终止且等待退出。所有具有任务形态的事项（id、所有权、轮询、通知）都属于通用 [`ctx.tasks` 运行时](../../tasks/tasks/README.md)，工具层会在其中注册该句柄；本执行器不会接触会话或注册表。

 ## 模型体验

@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@

 - **自身不受约束**：此执行器始终以 harness 进程的权限运行命令；需要限制的部署可以组合 [`dsh-bash-sandbox`](../bash-sandbox/README.md)，每次调用的 allow/deny/ask 策略则属于 `tools/pre-execute`。
 - **没有持久 shell 或 PTY**：每次调用都启动新的非登录 `bash -c`；仅持久化 cwd 与交互式终端会话均继续暂缓，直到真实工作流程需要它们。
- **仅支持 POSIX**：`bash` 二进制、独立进程组、进程组终止以及 SIGTERM→SIGKILL 升级都已硬编码；不支持 Windows。
- **凭证清理依赖名称启发式规则**：只匹配 `*KEY*`／`*SECRET*`／`*TOKEN*`；名称不同的 secret（例如 `*PASSWORD*`）会继续传递，对误删变量引入白名单属于已记录的后续工作。
- **不会删除已完成的 spill 文件**：有界的完整输出恢复文件（以及每个进程的私有 spill 目录）会在 OS tmpdir 下累积，直到外部机制进行清理；超大的不完整 spill 会被丢弃并立即尝试删除，但清理失败可能留下一个有界文件。
+- **仅支持 POSIX**：`bash` 二进制已硬编码，底层服务的进程组语义也是 POSIX 的；不支持 Windows。
+- **后台 spawn 失败提示只交付一次**：进程管理器不会为从未真正运行的进程缓冲任何输出，因此执行器把 `spawn failed: …` 注入恰好一个 `readOutput()` 增量；丢弃了该增量的读取方无法再恢复它。

-原始进程处理位于 `src/run.ts`；`src/index.ts` 负责服务接线。
+凭据清除启发式规则与 spill 保留的注意事项随 [`dsh-subprocess-local`](../../subprocess/subprocess-local/README.md) 记录；这些机制归它所有。
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
  "peerDependencies": {
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash": "^0.0.1",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "^0.0.1",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess": "^0.0.1",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout": "^0.0.1",
    "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
  },
@@ -38,6 +39,8 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout": "workspace:^",
    "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
  }
@@ -1,17 +1,39 @@
 /**
- * Local-subprocess implementation of the bash executor seam. Each command runs
- * as `bash -c` in its own process group; disposal kills and joins live groups.
- * Execution policy belongs in `tools/pre-execute` or a sandboxing executor.
+ * Local implementation of the bash executor seam over the subprocess
+ * seam. Each command runs as `bash -c` in a managed process group spawned
+ * through `ctx.subprocess`; this executor owns command defaulting, deadlines
+ * and cause classification, the model-friendly terminal environment, and the
+ * model-facing stdout/stderr merge for background reads. Execution policy
+ * belongs in `tools/pre-execute` or a sandboxing executor.
 * @module @deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local
 */

 import { Context } from 'cordis'
 import z from 'schemastery'
 import { BashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
-import type { BashExecRequest, BashExecSpec, BashProcess, BashProcessRead, BashRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
+import type { BashExecRequest, BashExecSpec, BashProcess, BashProcessRead, BashRunResult, CollectedOutput } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
+import type { SubprocessCollect, SubprocessHandle, SubprocessOutputReader, SubprocessSpawnSpec } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'
 import { clampTimeout, deadline, timeoutOf } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout'
-import { DEFAULT_GRACE_MS, DEFAULT_MAX_SPILL_BYTES, runBash } from './run.ts'
-import type { RunInternals, RunningBash } from './run.ts'
+
+/**
+ * Model-friendly environment overrides: disable colors, pagers, and
+ * interactive terminal features that would garble tool output (the same set
+ * Codex hardcodes; Claude Code achieves it via TERM=dumb). Bash-tool policy —
+ * merged first into the spawn's explicit env, so a trusted caller's own entry
+ * still wins; the subprocess service applies its credential scrub independently.
+ */
+export const ENV_OVERRIDES = {
+  NO_COLOR: '1',
+  TERM: 'dumb',
+  PAGER: 'cat',
+  GIT_PAGER: 'cat',
+} as const
+
+/** Default SIGTERM→SIGKILL grace period (the `graceMs` config; matches OpenCode's 3s). */
+const DEFAULT_GRACE_MS = 3_000
+
+/** Default per-stream spill cap (the `maxSpillBytes` config). */
+const DEFAULT_MAX_SPILL_BYTES = 64 * 1024 * 1024

 /** Plugin config (all optional — `static Config` supplies the defaults). */
 export interface Config {
@@ -32,6 +54,16 @@ export interface Config {
 /** The shape after schemastery applied the defaults (cwd has none). */
 type ResolvedConfig = Required<Omit<Config, 'cwd'>> & Pick<Config, 'cwd'>

+/** Project a settled collect-mode reader into the final CollectedOutput shape. */
+function finalOutput(reader: SubprocessOutputReader): CollectedOutput {
+  const read = reader.readFrom(0)
+  return {
+    text: read.text,
+    truncated: read.lossy,
+    ...read.spillPath !== undefined ? { spillPath: read.spillPath } : {},
+  }
+}
+
 function assertPositiveFinite(name: string, value: number): void {
  if (!Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) {
    throw new Error(`bash-local: ${name} must be a positive finite number`)
@@ -39,10 +71,15 @@ function assertPositiveFinite(name: string, value: number): void {
 }

 /**
- * Local bash executor with bounded output, spill files, and process-group
- * `SIGTERM` to `SIGKILL` escalation.
+ * Local bash executor over `ctx.subprocess`. Bounded output, spill files, and
+ * process-group SIGTERM→SIGKILL escalation are the subprocess service's
+ * mechanics; this executor supplies their configured budgets per spawn, so a
+ * still-running background process stays managed (killed and joined at
+ * composition teardown) even across an executor reload.
 */
 export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
+  static inject = ['subprocess']
+
  static Config: z<Config> = z.object({
    cwd: z.string(),
    timeoutMs: z.number().default(120_000),
@@ -52,11 +89,6 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
    graceMs: z.number().default(DEFAULT_GRACE_MS),
  })

-  /** Live processes retained only so disposal can kill and join them. */
-  private live = new Map<BashProcess, RunningBash>()
-  /** Test seam: spill knobs forwarded to runBash. */
-  internals: RunInternals = {}
-
  /** Validated config (schemastery applied the defaults before construction). */
  readonly config: ResolvedConfig

@@ -69,17 +101,6 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
    assertPositiveFinite('maxOutputBytes', this.config.maxOutputBytes)
    assertPositiveFinite('maxSpillBytes', this.config.maxSpillBytes)
    assertPositiveFinite('graceMs', this.config.graceMs)
-    ctx.effect(() => async () => {
-      // Await closure so even a TERM-trapping child cannot outlive the fiber.
-      const pending: Promise<void>[] = []
-      for (const [proc, running] of this.live) {
-        proc.status = 'killed'
-        running.kill()
-        pending.push(proc.done)
-      }
-      this.live.clear()
-      await Promise.all(pending)
-    }, 'local bash teardown')
  }

  /**
@@ -105,7 +126,7 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
      stdoutMaxBytes,
      ...request.signal ? { signal: request.signal } : {},
      // Carry stdin/ordinary env/trusted dshEnv through verbatim — optional,
-      // no config default. run.ts owns the scrub and merge order.
+      // no config default. The subprocess service owns the scrub and merge order.
      ...request.stdin !== undefined ? { stdin: request.stdin } : {},
      ...request.env !== undefined ? { env: request.env } : {},
      ...request.dshEnv !== undefined ? { dshEnv: request.dshEnv } : {},
@@ -116,41 +137,71 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
    }
  }

+  /** Map one resolved bash spec onto a fully-specified subprocess spawn. */
+  // XXX(stateful-shell): evaluate persistent cwd or PTY sessions when workflows require shell state.
+  private spawnSpec(spec: BashExecSpec, stdoutMaxBytes: number, signal: AbortSignal | undefined): SubprocessSpawnSpec {
+    const collect = (maxBytes: number): SubprocessCollect =>
+      ({ maxBytes, spill: { maxBytes: this.config.maxSpillBytes } })
+    return {
+      argv: ['bash', '-c', spec.command],
+      cwd: spec.workdir,
+      stdio: {
+        stdin: spec.stdin !== undefined ? { data: spec.stdin } : 'ignore',
+        stdout: collect(stdoutMaxBytes),
+        stderr: collect(this.config.maxOutputBytes),
+      },
+      graceMs: this.config.graceMs,
+      signal,
+      // One explicit env map for the seam, layered so the trusted dshEnv
+      // snapshot beats both the caller's env and the terminal overrides; the
+      // subprocess service merges the whole map after its ambient scrub.
+      env: { ...ENV_OVERRIDES, ...spec.env, ...spec.dshEnv },
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** The collect-mode readers the executor itself requested (present by construction). */
+  private static collected(handle: SubprocessHandle): { stdout: SubprocessOutputReader; stderr: SubprocessOutputReader } {
+    const { stdout, stderr } = handle.collected
+    /* v8 ignore start -- collect dispositions expose both readers by the seam contract; defensive. */
+    if (stdout === undefined || stderr === undefined) {
+      throw new Error('bash-local: subprocess implementation dropped a requested collect stream')
+    }
+    /* v8 ignore stop */
+    return { stdout, stderr }
+  }
+
  async run(spec: BashExecSpec): Promise<BashRunResult> {
    // One deadline combines timeout and upstream cancellation; disposal clears its timer.
    using d = deadline(spec.signal, spec.timeoutMs, 'BASH_TIMEOUT')
-    const outcome = await runBash({
-      command: spec.command,
-      cwd: spec.workdir,
-      stdoutMaxBytes: spec.stdoutMaxBytes,
-      stderrMaxBytes: this.config.maxOutputBytes,
-      maxSpillBytes: this.config.maxSpillBytes,
-      graceMs: this.config.graceMs,
-      signal: d.signal,
-      stdin: spec.stdin,
-      env: spec.env,
-      dshEnv: spec.dshEnv,
-    }, this.internals).done
+    const handle = this.ctx.subprocess.spawn(this.spawnSpec(spec, spec.stdoutMaxBytes, d.signal))
+    const outcome = await handle.done
+    const collected = LocalBashExecutor.collected(handle)
    // Only this executor's timeout reason counts as timedOut; outer deadlines count as aborts.
    const timedOut = timeoutOf(d.signal, 'BASH_TIMEOUT') !== undefined
    const aborted = d.signal.aborted && !timedOut
-    return { ...outcome, timedOut, aborted, timeoutMs: spec.timeoutMs }
+    return {
+      ...outcome,
+      timedOut,
+      aborted,
+      timeoutMs: spec.timeoutMs,
+      stdout: finalOutput(collected.stdout),
+      stderr: finalOutput(collected.stderr),
+    }
  }

  start(spec: BashExecSpec): BashProcess {
    // Background runs ignore timeoutMs; callers stop them through kill() or spec.signal.
-    const running = runBash({
-      command: spec.command,
-      cwd: spec.workdir,
-      stdoutMaxBytes: this.config.maxOutputBytes,
-      stderrMaxBytes: this.config.maxOutputBytes,
-      maxSpillBytes: this.config.maxSpillBytes,
-      graceMs: this.config.graceMs,
-      signal: spec.signal,
-      stdin: spec.stdin,
-      env: spec.env,
-      dshEnv: spec.dshEnv,
-    }, this.internals)
+    const running = this.ctx.subprocess.spawn(this.spawnSpec(spec, this.config.maxOutputBytes, spec.signal))
+    const collected = LocalBashExecutor.collected(running)
+
+    // A spawn failure produces no process output, so the subprocess service has nothing
+    // to buffer; the note is delivered exactly once through the read path.
+    let spawnFailureNote: string | undefined
+    const consumeSpawnFailure = (): string => {
+      const note = spawnFailureNote ?? ''
+      spawnFailureNote = undefined
+      return note
+    }

    let stdoutOffset = 0
    let stderrOffset = 0
@@ -165,26 +216,27 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
        }
        proc.exitCode = outcome.exitCode
        proc.signal = outcome.signal
-        this.onProcessDone(proc, running.stderr.readFrom(0).text)
-        this.live.delete(proc)
+        this.onProcessDone(proc, collected.stderr.readFrom(0).text)
      }, (error: unknown) => {
        // Background spawn failures settle as killed and surface through the read path.
        proc.status = 'killed'
-        running.stderr.push(Buffer.from(`spawn failed: ${String(error)}`))
-        this.onProcessDone(proc, running.stderr.readFrom(0).text)
-        this.live.delete(proc)
+        spawnFailureNote = `spawn failed: ${String(error)}`
+        this.onProcessDone(proc, spawnFailureNote)
      }),
      readOutput: (): BashProcessRead => {
-        const out = running.stdout.readFrom(stdoutOffset)
-        const err = running.stderr.readFrom(stderrOffset)
+        const out = collected.stdout.readFrom(stdoutOffset)
+        const err = collected.stderr.readFrom(stderrOffset)
        stdoutOffset = out.nextOffset
        stderrOffset = err.nextOffset

+        // A failed spawn never produced process output, so the note and real
+        // stderr text are mutually exclusive.
+        const errText = err.text.length > 0 ? err.text : consumeSpawnFailure()
        // Single newline between sections: stdout chunks usually end with one
        // already; add it only when missing.
        const separator = out.text.length > 0 && !out.text.endsWith('\n') ? '\n' : ''
        const delta = out.text
-          + (err.text.length > 0 ? `${separator}[stderr]\n${err.text}` : '')
+          + (errText.length > 0 ? `${separator}[stderr]\n${errText}` : '')
        return {
          delta,
          lossy: out.lossy || err.lossy,
@@ -195,11 +247,10 @@ export class LocalBashExecutor extends BashExecutor {
      kill: (): boolean => {
        if (proc.status !== 'running') return false
        proc.status = 'killed'
-        running.kill()
+        running.terminate()
        return true
      },
    }
-    this.live.set(proc, running)
    return proc
  }

@@ -1,399 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Process plumbing for the local bash executor: detached process-group spawn,
- * tail-keep output with spill files, and SIGTERM→SIGKILL escalation. This layer
- * reacts to an abort signal; the executor owns deadlines and classifies causes.
- * @module dsh-bash-local/run
- */
-
-import { type ChildProcessByStdio, spawn } from 'node:child_process'
-import type { Readable, Writable } from 'node:stream'
-import { randomBytes } from 'node:crypto'
-import { closeSync, mkdtempSync, openSync, unlinkSync, writeSync } from 'node:fs'
-import { tmpdir } from 'node:os'
-import { join } from 'node:path'
-import { DSH_ENV_PREFIX } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
-import type { CollectedOutput, DshEnvironment } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
-
-/**
- * Model-friendly environment overrides: disable colors, pagers, and
- * interactive terminal features that would garble tool output (the same set
- * Codex hardcodes; Claude Code achieves it via TERM=dumb).
- */
-export const ENV_OVERRIDES = {
-  NO_COLOR: '1',
-  TERM: 'dumb',
-  PAGER: 'cat',
-  GIT_PAGER: 'cat',
-} as const
-
-/**
- * Credential-shaped env vars are NOT forwarded to commands (the harness's
- * own DEEPSEEK_API_KEY must not leak into `env` output, tool results, or
- * spill files). Same default pattern as Codex's env policy; a future config
- * can whitelist specific vars when a workflow genuinely needs one.
- */
-export const SENSITIVE_ENV_PATTERN = /KEY|SECRET|TOKEN/i
-
-/**
- * Build a child environment from scrubbed ambient values, terminal overrides,
- * ordinary caller entries, and a managed `DSH_*` snapshot. Ambient managed
- * names are removed; ordinary and managed entries reject the other channel's
- * namespace before `dshEnv` merges last.
- * @param extra - caller entries; `DSH_*` names are rejected.
- * @param dshEnv - managed entries; non-`DSH_*` names are rejected.
- * @returns the environment to hand to `spawn` for the child process.
- */
-export function childEnv(
-  extra?: Readonly<Record<string, string>>,
-  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment,
-): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}
-  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(process.env)) {
-    if (!SENSITIVE_ENV_PATTERN.test(key) && !key.startsWith(DSH_ENV_PREFIX)) env[key] = value
-  }
-  for (const key of Object.keys(extra ?? {})) {
-    if (key.startsWith(DSH_ENV_PREFIX)) {
-      throw new Error(`ordinary bash env cannot set reserved variable "${key}"; use dshEnv`)
-    }
-  }
-  for (const key of Object.keys(dshEnv ?? {})) {
-    if (!key.startsWith(DSH_ENV_PREFIX)) {
-      throw new Error(`managed bash env cannot set ordinary variable "${key}"; use env`)
-    }
-  }
-  return { ...env, ...ENV_OVERRIDES, ...extra, ...dshEnv }
-}
-
-/** What to run and under which limits (resolved — no defaults in here). */
-export interface SpawnSpec {
-  command: string
-  cwd: string
-  /** Stdout in-memory cap; overflow spills to disk (tail kept in memory). */
-  stdoutMaxBytes: number
-  /** Stderr in-memory cap; overflow spills to disk (tail kept in memory). */
-  stderrMaxBytes: number
-  /** Per-stream spill-file cap; larger streams retain only their in-memory tail. */
-  maxSpillBytes: number
-  /** Grace period for kill escalation and for inherited pipes after shell exit. */
-  graceMs: number
-  /**
-   * Abort signal — kills the process group when it fires. The executor owns
-   * timing: `run()` passes a fused timeout/cancel deadline signal (see
-   * `@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout`), `start()` passes the bare upstream signal.
-   * runBash only listens and kills; it does NOT classify why (the executor
-   * reads the signal's reason afterward).
-   */
-  signal?: AbortSignal | undefined
-  /**
-   * Bytes to write to the child's stdin, then close it. Absent (or empty)
-   * leaves stdin closed/empty. Set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges);
-   * the model-facing `dsh-tool-bash` tool does not thread model input here.
-   */
-  stdin?: string | undefined
-  /**
-   * Ordinary environment entries merged after the credential scrub and
-   * terminal overrides. `DSH_*` names are rejected and belong in `dshEnv`.
-   */
-  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
-  /** Harness-owned entries; non-`DSH_*` names are rejected before spawn. */
-  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
-}
-
-/**
- * Raw outcome of one closed process (before result shaping). Deliberately
- * carries NO timeout/cancel classification: runBash kills on abort but does not
- * decide why — the executor's `run()`/`start()` reads the deadline signal it
- * owns to classify `timedOut`/`aborted` (see the package README).
- */
-export interface SpawnOutcome {
-  exitCode: number | null
-  signal: NodeJS.Signals | null
-  stdout: CollectedOutput
-  stderr: CollectedOutput
-}
-
-/** Injectable knobs so tests can exercise spill behavior without the OS tmpdir. */
-export interface RunInternals {
-  /** Directory for spill files (defaults to the OS temp dir). */
-  spillDir?: string
-}
-
-/** Default SIGTERM→SIGKILL grace period (the `graceMs` config; matches OpenCode's 3s). */
-export const DEFAULT_GRACE_MS = 3_000
-
-/** Default per-stream spill cap (the `maxSpillBytes` config). */
-export const DEFAULT_MAX_SPILL_BYTES = 64 * 1024 * 1024
-
-let spillCounter = 0
-let defaultSpillDir: string | undefined
-
-/**
- * The default spill location: a private (0700) per-process directory under
- * the OS tmpdir, created lazily. Predictable world-readable paths would let
- * other local users read command output or pre-create symlinks.
- */
-function privateSpillDir(): string {
-  defaultSpillDir ??= mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-bash-'))
-  return defaultSpillDir
-}
-
-/**
- * Collects one stream with a bounded in-memory tail. On first overflow a
- * spill file is created and every chunk (including those already collected)
- * is appended there while the full stream remains within `maxSpillBytes`.
- *
- * Tail-keep rationale (pi/OpenCode): errors and final results cluster at the
- * end of command output; the spill file covers the head.
- */
-export class OutputCollector {
-  private chunks: Buffer[] = []
-  private bytes = 0
-  private dropped = false
-  private spillFd: number | undefined
-  private spillFile: string | undefined
-  private spillDisabled = false
-  /** Total bytes ever pushed (not just retained). */
-  private total = 0
-
-  constructor(
-    private readonly maxBytes: number,
-    private readonly maxSpillBytes: number,
-    private readonly label: string,
-    private readonly spillDir: string,
-  ) {}
-
-  /**
-   * Ingest one stream chunk, counting it toward the whole-stream total. On
-   * first overflow of the in-memory cap a spill file is opened and every chunk
-   * (already-collected ones included) is appended there from then on; the
-   * in-memory tail then drops whole chunks from its head (or the head of a
-   * single over-cap chunk) until it fits the cap again.
-   * @param chunk - the raw bytes from one stream 'data' event.
-   */
-  push(chunk: Buffer): void {
-    this.total += chunk.length
-    const overflows = this.bytes + chunk.length > this.maxBytes
-    if (!this.spillDisabled && (overflows || this.spillFd !== undefined)) this.spillAll(chunk)
-    this.chunks.push(chunk)
-    this.bytes += chunk.length
-    while (this.bytes > this.maxBytes && this.chunks.length > 1) {
-      // Drop whole chunks from the head; pipe chunks are small (≤64KiB), so
-      // the retained tail tracks the cap closely enough for a model-facing
-      // truncation boundary. (length > 1 was just checked — shift() returns.)
-      const head = this.chunks.shift() as Buffer
-      this.bytes -= head.length
-      this.dropped = true
-    }
-    if (this.bytes > this.maxBytes && this.chunks.length === 1) {
-      // A single chunk larger than the cap: keep its tail.
-      const only = this.chunks[0] as Buffer
-      this.chunks[0] = only.subarray(only.length - this.maxBytes)
-      this.bytes = this.maxBytes
-      this.dropped = true
-    }
-  }
-
-  /** Open the spill file lazily and append `chunk` (and any prior chunks once). */
-  private spillAll(chunk: Buffer): void {
-    if (this.total > this.maxSpillBytes) {
-      this.discardSpill()
-      return
-    }
-    if (this.spillFd === undefined) {
-      // Random suffix + O_EXCL + no-follow-equivalent ('wx' fails on any
-      // existing path, symlink or not) + owner-only mode: defeats spill-path
-      // prediction and symlink planting in shared tmp dirs.
-      this.spillFile = join(
-        this.spillDir,
-        `dsh-bash-${process.pid}-${++spillCounter}-${randomBytes(6).toString('hex')}-${this.label}.log`,
-      )
-      this.spillFd = openSync(this.spillFile, 'wx', 0o600)
-      for (const prior of this.chunks) writeSync(this.spillFd, prior)
-    }
-    writeSync(this.spillFd, chunk)
-  }
-
-  /** Stop spilling and remove the file once it can no longer hold the complete stream. */
-  private discardSpill(): void {
-    const fd = this.spillFd
-    const file = this.spillFile
-    this.spillFd = undefined
-    this.spillFile = undefined
-    this.spillDisabled = true
-    if (fd !== undefined) {
-      try {
-        closeSync(fd)
-      } catch {
-        // Retain the descriptor so finalize can retry the failed close.
-        this.spillFd = fd
-      }
-    }
-    if (file !== undefined) {
-      try {
-        unlinkSync(file)
-      } catch {
-        // A failed unlink leaves at most maxSpillBytes behind, never an unbounded file.
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Incremental read in whole-stream byte coordinates: returns everything
-   * pushed since `fromByte`. When `fromByte` has already slid out of the
-   * in-memory tail window, the read is `lossy` — it returns the whole
-   * retained tail and the gap is only recoverable from the spill file.
-   * @param fromByte - whole-stream offset to resume from (a prior read's `nextOffset`; 0 for the first read).
-   * @returns the delta text, the offset for the next read, the `lossy` flag, and the spill path when one was created.
-   */
-  readFrom(fromByte: number): { text: string; nextOffset: number; lossy: boolean; spillPath?: string } {
-    const windowStart = this.total - this.bytes
-    const buffer = Buffer.concat(this.chunks)
-    const lossy = fromByte < windowStart
-    const slice = lossy ? buffer : buffer.subarray(fromByte - windowStart)
-    return {
-      text: slice.toString('utf8'),
-      nextOffset: this.total,
-      lossy,
-      ...this.spillFile !== undefined ? { spillPath: this.spillFile } : {},
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Close the spill file (if any) and return the final output. A failed close
-   * (delayed writeback fault) stops advertising the spill path — the file may
-   * be missing its tail — but still returns the in-memory result.
-   * @returns the final collected output: tail text, truncation flag, and the spill path when intact.
-   */
-  finalize(): CollectedOutput {
-    if (this.spillFd !== undefined) {
-      try {
-        closeSync(this.spillFd)
-      } catch {
-        // A delayed writeback failure makes the spill unreliable; keep finalize
-        // total but stop advertising that file.
-        this.spillFile = undefined
-      }
-      this.spillFd = undefined
-    }
-    return {
-      text: Buffer.concat(this.chunks).toString('utf8'),
-      truncated: this.dropped,
-      ...this.spillFile !== undefined ? { spillPath: this.spillFile } : {},
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Send `sig` to a detached process group. Never throws: delivery races process
- * exit and may run in a timer callback, so failures are contained and a
- * non-positive pid is a no-op.
- * @param pid - the group leader's pid; non-positive means the spawn failed and the call is a no-op.
- * @param sig - the signal to deliver to the whole group.
- */
-export function killGroup(pid: number, sig: NodeJS.Signals): void {
-  if (pid <= 0) return
-  try {
-    process.kill(-pid, sig)
-  } catch {
-    // Swallow: see contract above.
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * A live bash child process: the promise resolves when the process closes;
- * `kill()` starts the SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL escalation on its group.
- */
-export interface RunningBash {
-  /** Process id (group leader); -1 when the spawn itself failed. */
-  readonly pid: number
-  /** stdout/stderr collectors (live — background polling reads incrementally). */
-  readonly stdout: OutputCollector
-  readonly stderr: OutputCollector
-  /** Resolves when the process closes; rejects only for spawn-level failures. */
-  readonly done: Promise<SpawnOutcome>
-  /** Begin SIGTERM→grace→SIGKILL on the process group. Idempotent. */
-  kill(): void
-}
-
-/**
- * Spawn one isolated `bash -c` process group and collect its output.
- * Runtime exits resolve as {@link SpawnOutcome}; only spawn failures reject.
- * @param spec - fully resolved command, cwd, limits, and cancellation.
- * @param internals - test-only process and spill-directory overrides.
- * @returns live process handle and outcome promise.
- */
-// XXX(stateful-shell): evaluate persistent cwd or PTY sessions when workflows require shell state.
-export function runBash(spec: SpawnSpec, internals: RunInternals = {}): RunningBash {
-  const spillDir = internals.spillDir ?? privateSpillDir()
-
-  if (spec.signal?.aborted) {
-    throw new Error(`aborted before spawn: ${String(spec.signal.reason ?? 'aborted')}`)
-  }
-
-  // Keep absent stdin as /dev/null; literal tuples preserve non-null output types.
-  const env = childEnv(spec.env, spec.dshEnv)
-  const child: ChildProcessByStdio<Writable | null, Readable, Readable> = spec.stdin !== undefined
-    ? spawn('bash', ['-c', spec.command], { cwd: spec.cwd, env, stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe'], detached: true })
-    : spawn('bash', ['-c', spec.command], { cwd: spec.cwd, env, stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'], detached: true })
-
-  const stdout = new OutputCollector(spec.stdoutMaxBytes, spec.maxSpillBytes, 'stdout', spillDir)
-  const stderr = new OutputCollector(spec.stderrMaxBytes, spec.maxSpillBytes, 'stderr', spillDir)
-  child.stdout.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => { stdout.push(chunk) })
-  child.stderr.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => { stderr.push(chunk) })
-
-  let graceTimer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined
-
-  // Failed spawns use pid -1 so kill remains a no-op.
-  const pid = child.pid ?? -1
-
-  const kill = (): void => {
-    if (graceTimer !== undefined) return // escalation already in flight
-    killGroup(pid, 'SIGTERM')
-    graceTimer = setTimeout(() => { killGroup(pid, 'SIGKILL') }, spec.graceMs)
-  }
-
-  // The executor owns timeout classification; this layer only reacts to abort.
-  const onAbort = (): void => { kill() }
-  spec.signal?.addEventListener('abort', onAbort, { once: true })
-
-  // Stdin writes are best-effort; process exit and captured output remain authoritative.
-  if (child.stdin !== null) {
-    child.stdin.on('error', () => { /* stdin write is best-effort; outcome rides on exit/output. */ })
-    child.stdin.end(spec.stdin)
-  }
-
-  const done = new Promise<SpawnOutcome>((resolve, reject) => {
-    let settled = false
-    let pipeDrainTimer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined
-    const settle = (exitCode: number | null, signal: NodeJS.Signals | null): void => {
-      if (settled) return
-      settled = true
-      child.stdout.destroy()
-      child.stderr.destroy()
-      cleanup()
-      resolve({
-        exitCode,
-        signal,
-        stdout: stdout.finalize(),
-        stderr: stderr.finalize(),
-      })
-    }
-    child.on('error', (error) => {
-      // No meaningful close outcome follows a spawn failure.
-      settled = true
-      cleanup()
-      reject(error)
-    })
-    child.on('exit', (exitCode, signal) => {
-      pipeDrainTimer = setTimeout(() => { settle(exitCode, signal) }, spec.graceMs)
-    })
-    child.on('close', settle)
-    function cleanup(): void {
-      if (graceTimer !== undefined) clearTimeout(graceTimer)
-      if (pipeDrainTimer !== undefined) clearTimeout(pipeDrainTimer)
-      spec.signal?.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
-    }
-  })
-
-  return { pid, stdout, stderr, done, kill }
-}
@@ -4,16 +4,18 @@ import { join } from 'node:path'
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { Context } from 'cordis'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import type { BashProcess } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'

 const spillDir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-bash-exec-spec-'))

 async function setup(config: ConstructorParameters<typeof LocalBashExecutor>[1] = {}) {
  const ctx = new Context()
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+  ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
  // A short kill grace via the REAL config path, so escalation tests stay fast.
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200, ...config })
  const bash = ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor
-  bash.internals = { spillDir }
  return { ctx, bash }
 }

@@ -293,44 +295,52 @@ describe('LocalBashExecutor.start (background process handles)', () => {
  })
 })

-describe('LocalBashExecutor disposal', () => {
-  it('disposing the fiber kills running processes and AWAITS their exit (no orphans, SIGKILL escalation included)', async () => {
+describe('process lifecycle ownership (the subprocess service, not the executor)', () => {
+  it('a background process survives executor-fiber disposal and dies with the subprocess service', async () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
-    const fiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200 })
+    const managerFiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+    ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
+    const executorFiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200 })
    const bash = ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor
-    bash.internals = { spillDir }

    // The child prints its own pid ($$ = the detached bash group leader) so
    // the test can probe liveness through the public read surface alone.
-    const proc = bash.start(bash.resolve({ command: 'trap \'\' TERM; echo $$; sleep 60' }))
+    const proc = bash.start(bash.resolve({ command: 'echo $$; sleep 60' }))
    const pid = Number((await readUntil(proc, '\n')).trim())
    expect(Number.isInteger(pid) && pid > 0).toBe(true)

-    await fiber.dispose()
-    // Disposal itself waited: the pid must already be gone, no grace left —
-    // even for a TERM-trapping child held until the SIGKILL escalation landed.
+    // Executor reload/disposal leaves background work running — the
+    // handle stays live and readable, mirroring the task runtime's
+    // registrations-outlive-producer-fibers contract.
+    await executorFiber.dispose()
+    expect(proc.status).toBe('running')
+    expect(() => process.kill(pid, 0)).not.toThrow()
+
+    // Service disposal kills the group and AWAITS its exit (no orphans).
+    await managerFiber.dispose()
    expect(() => process.kill(pid, 0)).toThrow()
-    expect(proc.status).toBe('killed')
    await proc.done
+    expect(proc.status).toBe('killed')
  })

-  it('settled processes already left the live map: dispose does not touch them', async () => {
+  it('service disposal escalates to SIGKILL for TERM-trapping children and settles handles', async () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
-    const fiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200 })
+    const managerFiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+    ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200 })
    const bash = ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor
-    bash.internals = { spillDir }

    const finished = bash.start(bash.resolve({ command: 'echo done' }))
    await finished.done
    expect(finished.status).toBe('completed')
-    const running = bash.start(bash.resolve({ command: 'sleep 60' }))
+    const trapping = bash.start(bash.resolve({ command: 'trap \'\' TERM; echo armed; sleep 60' }))
+    await readUntil(trapping, 'armed')

-    await fiber.dispose()
-    // The teardown marks every LIVE entry killed; a settled process had
-    // already left the map, so its status stays completed.
+    await managerFiber.dispose()
+    // A settled process was untouched; the live one died by escalation.
    expect(finished.status).toBe('completed')
-    expect(running.status).toBe('killed')
-    await running.done
-    expect(running.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
+    await trapping.done
+    expect(trapping.status).toBe('killed')
+    expect(trapping.signal).toBe('SIGKILL')
  })
 })
@@ -1,510 +0,0 @@
-import { mkdtempSync, readFileSync, statSync, unlinkSync } from 'node:fs'
-import { tmpdir } from 'node:os'
-import { dirname, join } from 'node:path'
-import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
-import type { DshEnvironment } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash'
-import { killGroup, OutputCollector, runBash } from '../src/run.ts'
-import type { RunningBash } from '../src/run.ts'
-
-const { failNextClose, failNextUnlink } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
-  failNextClose: { value: false },
-  failNextUnlink: { value: false },
-}))
-vi.mock('node:fs', async (importOriginal) => {
-  const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('node:fs')>()
-  return {
-    ...actual,
-    closeSync(fd: number): void {
-      if (failNextClose.value) {
-        failNextClose.value = false
-        throw Object.assign(new Error('simulated EIO on close'), { code: 'EIO' })
-      }
-      actual.closeSync(fd)
-    },
-    unlinkSync(path: Parameters<typeof actual.unlinkSync>[0]): void {
-      if (failNextUnlink.value) {
-        failNextUnlink.value = false
-        throw Object.assign(new Error('simulated EIO on unlink'), { code: 'EIO' })
-      }
-      actual.unlinkSync(path)
-    },
-  }
-})
-
-const spillDir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-bash-spec-'))
-
-function spec(command: string, overrides: Partial<Parameters<typeof runBash>[0]> = {}) {
-  return {
-    command,
-    cwd: process.cwd(),
-    stdoutMaxBytes: 64_000,
-    stderrMaxBytes: 64_000,
-    maxSpillBytes: 64 * 1024 * 1024,
-    graceMs: 3_000,
-    ...overrides,
-  }
-}
-
-/** Poll until a pid no longer exists (kill(pid, 0) throws ESRCH). */
-async function waitGone(pid: number, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<void> {
-  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
-  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
-    try {
-      process.kill(pid, 0)
-    } catch {
-      return
-    }
-    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
-  }
-  throw new Error(`pid ${pid} still alive after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
-}
-
-async function waitForStdout(running: RunningBash, expected: string, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<void> {
-  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
-  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
-    if (running.stdout.readFrom(0).text.includes(expected)) return
-    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
-  }
-  throw new Error(`stdout did not include ${JSON.stringify(expected)} after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
-}
-
-async function waitForPidFile(path: string, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<number> {
-  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
-  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
-    try {
-      const pid = Number(readFileSync(path, 'utf8').trim())
-      if (Number.isSafeInteger(pid) && pid > 0) return pid
-    } catch {
-      // The child shell has not written the pid file yet.
-    }
-    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
-  }
-  throw new Error(`pid file ${path} was not written after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
-}
-
-describe('runBash', () => {
-  it('captures stdout on success', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo hello')).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-    expect(result.signal).toBeNull()
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('hello\n')
-    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
-    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('')
-  })
-
-  it('captures stderr separately', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo oops >&2')).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('')
-    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('oops\n')
-  })
-
-  it('captures both streams', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo out; echo err >&2')).done
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('out\n')
-    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('err\n')
-  })
-
-  it('reports non-zero exit codes', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('exit 42')).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(42)
-    expect(result.signal).toBeNull()
-  })
-
-  it('applies model-friendly env overrides', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo "$NO_COLOR/$TERM/$PAGER"')).done
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('1/dumb/cat\n')
-  })
-
-  it('runs in the requested cwd', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('pwd', { cwd: '/tmp' })).done
-    expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toMatch(/\/tmp$/)
-  })
-
-  it('kills the process group with SIGTERM when the signal fires', async () => {
-    // runBash owns no timer: it kills on abort. The executor drives the timeout
-    // by firing this signal via a deadline (see executor.spec.ts); here we
-    // assert the kill itself lands as SIGTERM.
-    const controller = new AbortController()
-    const start = Date.now()
-    const running = runBash(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
-    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort('deadline') }, 100)
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(Date.now() - start).toBeLessThan(5_000)
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBeNull()
-  })
-
-  it('escalates to SIGKILL when SIGTERM is trapped', async () => {
-    const running = runBash(spec('trap \'\' TERM; echo ready; while :; do sleep 60 & wait $!; done', { graceMs: 200 }))
-    await waitForStdout(running, 'ready\n')
-    running.kill()
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGKILL')
-  })
-
-  it('kills the whole process group (grandchildren die too)', async () => {
-    // The subshell writes the sleep's pid then waits on it; killing the
-    // group must take the sleep down with bash.
-    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `grandchild-${Date.now()}.pid`)
-    const running = runBash(spec(`sleep 60 & echo $! > ${pidFile}; wait`))
-    const grandchild = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
-    expect(grandchild).toBeGreaterThan(0)
-
-    running.kill()
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-    await waitGone(grandchild)
-  })
-
-  it('aborts via AbortSignal mid-run', async () => {
-    const controller = new AbortController()
-    const running = runBash(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
-    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort('user cancelled') }, 50)
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-  })
-
-  it('throws when the signal is already aborted before spawn', () => {
-    const controller = new AbortController()
-    controller.abort('too late')
-    expect(() => runBash(spec('echo hi', { signal: controller.signal })))
-      .toThrow(/aborted before spawn: too late/)
-  })
-
-  it('rejects with a spawn error for a nonexistent cwd', async () => {
-    await expect(runBash(spec('echo hi', { cwd: '/nonexistent-dir-dsh-test' })).done)
-      .rejects.toThrow(/ENOENT/)
-  })
-
-  it('kill() is idempotent (second call does not restart escalation)', async () => {
-    const running = runBash(spec('sleep 60'))
-    running.kill()
-    running.kill()
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-  })
-
-  it('bounds inherited-pipe draining after the shell exits', async () => {
-    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `pipe-holder-${Date.now()}.pid`)
-    const started = Date.now()
-    const running = runBash(spec(`sleep 60 & echo $! > ${pidFile}; echo shell-done`, { graceMs: 100 }))
-    const descendant = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
-    try {
-      const result = await running.done
-      expect(Date.now() - started).toBeLessThan(1_000)
-      expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-      expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('shell-done\n')
-    } finally {
-      process.kill(descendant, 'SIGKILL')
-      await waitGone(descendant)
-    }
-  })
-})
-
-describe('stdin and extra env (set by in-process plugins)', () => {
-  it('writes stdin to the command and closes it', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('cat', { stdin: 'hello from stdin\n' })).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('hello from stdin\n')
-  })
-
-  it('a command that reads stdin sees EOF when none is supplied', async () => {
-    // No stdin → fd 0 is /dev/null, so `cat` reads EOF and exits 0 with no
-    // output (it does NOT block).
-    const result = await runBash(spec('cat')).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('')
-  })
-
-  it('gives fd 0 the exact pre-seam type: /dev/null when no stdin, a pipe when supplied', async () => {
-    // With no bytes, fd 0 remains the pre-seam `ignore` default (/dev/null, a character device).
-    // Supplied bytes use Node's spawn pipe, which is an AF_UNIX socket rather than a FIFO.
-    const none = await runBash(spec('test -c /dev/stdin && echo char || echo other')).done
-    expect(none.stdout.text).toBe('char\n')
-    const piped = await runBash(spec('test -S /dev/stdin && echo socket || echo other', { stdin: 'x' })).done
-    expect(piped.stdout.text).toBe('socket\n')
-  })
-
-  it('merges ordinary extra env entries onto the scrubbed environment', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo "$EXTRA_ONE/$EXTRA_TWO"', {
-      env: { EXTRA_ONE: 'alpha', EXTRA_TWO: 'beta' },
-    })).done
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('alpha/beta\n')
-  })
-
-  it('an explicit extra env entry overrides the model-friendly override and the scrub', async () => {
-    // TERM is a model-friendly OVERRIDE (dumb); an explicit extra entry wins.
-    // EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY matches the credential scrub pattern, yet an explicit
-    // entry is still honored — the scrub only drops AMBIENT process.env creds.
-    const result = await runBash(spec('echo "$TERM/$EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY"', {
-      env: { TERM: 'xterm-256color', EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY: 'explicit-wins' },
-    })).done
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('xterm-256color/explicit-wins\n')
-  })
-
-  it('does not crash or reject when the child ignores a large stdin (EPIPE)', async () => {
-    // The child exits without reading, so closing a stdin pipe holding ~1 MiB triggers EPIPE.
-    // The handler swallows that write error and `done` reports the child's real exit.
-    const big = 'x'.repeat(1024 * 1024)
-    const result = await runBash(spec('exit 7', { stdin: big })).done
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(7)
-  })
-})
-
-describe('output truncation and spill', () => {
-  it('applies stdout and stderr caps independently', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('printf "%.0sx" $(seq 1 500); printf "%.0se" $(seq 1 500) >&2', {
-        stdoutMaxBytes: 500,
-        stderrMaxBytes: 100,
-      }),
-      { spillDir },
-    ).done
-    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('x'.repeat(500))
-    expect(result.stderr.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(result.stderr.text.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(100)
-  })
-
-  it('keeps the tail and spills the full stream to disk', async () => {
-    // 200 numbered lines of ~10 bytes; cap at 500 bytes keeps a late tail.
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
-      { spillDir },
-    ).done
-    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(result.stdout.text.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(500)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toContain('line-0200')
-    expect(result.stdout.text).not.toContain('line-0001')
-    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeDefined()
-    const full = readFileSync(result.stdout.spillPath!, 'utf8')
-    expect(full).toContain('line-0001')
-    expect(full).toContain('line-0200')
-  })
-
-  it('does not truncate output exactly at the cap', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('printf "%.0sx" $(seq 1 500)', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
-      { spillDir },
-    ).done
-    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
-    expect(result.stdout.text.length).toBe(500)
-    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-  })
-
-  it('settles with the tail and no spill path when final spill close fails', async () => {
-    failNextClose.value = true
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
-      { spillDir },
-    ).done
-    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
-    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
-    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(result.stdout.text).toContain('line-0200')
-    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-  })
-})
-
-describe('OutputCollector', () => {
-  it('keeps the tail of a single oversized chunk', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(10, 100, 'test', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('0123456789abcdef'))
-    const out = collector.finalize()
-    expect(out.text).toBe('6789abcdef')
-    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(readFileSync(out.spillPath!, 'utf8')).toBe('0123456789abcdef')
-  })
-
-  it('readFrom returns increments and flags lossy reads', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(10, 100, 'test', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaaa'))
-    const first = collector.readFrom(0)
-    expect(first.text).toBe('aaaaa')
-    expect(first.lossy).toBe(false)
-    expect(first.nextOffset).toBe(5)
-
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbbb'))
-    const second = collector.readFrom(first.nextOffset)
-    expect(second.text).toBe('bbbbb')
-    expect(second.lossy).toBe(false)
-
-    // Push enough to slide the window past the last offset.
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('c'.repeat(20)))
-    const third = collector.readFrom(second.nextOffset)
-    expect(third.lossy).toBe(true)
-    expect(third.text).toBe('c'.repeat(10))
-    expect(third.spillPath).toBeDefined()
-  })
-
-  it('contains close failures and drops the spill path', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 100, 'closefail', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
-    expect(collector.readFrom(0).spillPath).toBeDefined()
-
-    failNextClose.value = true
-    let out: ReturnType<typeof collector.finalize>
-    expect(() => { out = collector.finalize() }).not.toThrow()
-
-    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
-    expect(out!.text).toBe('bbbb')
-    expect(out!.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(out!.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-  })
-
-  it('discards a spill that exceeds its configured cap', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 8, 'bounded', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
-    const spillPath = collector.readFrom(0).spillPath!
-    expect(readFileSync(spillPath, 'utf8')).toBe('aaaabbbb')
-
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('c'))
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('dddd'))
-    const out = collector.finalize()
-    expect(out.text).toBe('dddd')
-    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(out.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(() => readFileSync(spillPath)).toThrow()
-  })
-
-  it('does not create a spill when the first overflowing chunk exceeds the cap', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 4, 'no-spill', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('abcdefgh'))
-    const out = collector.finalize()
-    expect(out.text).toBe('efgh')
-    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
-    expect(out.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-  })
-
-  it('contains cleanup failures while disabling an oversize spill', () => {
-    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 8, 'cleanup-fail', spillDir)
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
-    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
-    const spillPath = collector.readFrom(0).spillPath!
-
-    failNextClose.value = true
-    failNextUnlink.value = true
-    expect(() => { collector.push(Buffer.from('c')) }).not.toThrow()
-    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
-    expect(failNextUnlink.value).toBe(false)
-    expect(collector.finalize().spillPath).toBeUndefined()
-    unlinkSync(spillPath)
-  })
-})
-
-describe('killGroup', () => {
-  it('ignores non-positive pids', () => {
-    expect(() => { killGroup(-1, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
-    expect(() => { killGroup(0, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
-  })
-
-  it('swallows ESRCH for vanished groups', async () => {
-    const running = runBash(spec('true'))
-    await running.done
-    expect(() => { killGroup(running.pid, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
-  })
-})
-
-describe('abort edge cases', () => {
-  it('reports a fallback reason for reason-less pre-aborted signals', () => {
-    // Real AbortControllers always set a DOMException reason; signal-like
-    // objects from other libraries may not — the fallback covers them.
-    const bare = {
-      aborted: true,
-      reason: undefined,
-      addEventListener() {},
-      removeEventListener() {},
-    } as unknown as AbortSignal
-    expect(() => runBash(spec('echo hi', { signal: bare })))
-      .toThrow(/aborted before spawn: aborted/)
-  })
-
-  it('reports the terminating signal of an externally self-killed command', async () => {
-    // runBash reports the raw signal; whether it counts as timeout/cancel is the
-    // executor's classification (a self-kill is neither) — see executor.spec.ts.
-    const result = await runBash(spec('kill -TERM $$')).done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-  })
-})
-
-describe('environment and spill-file hardening', () => {
-  it('scrubs credential-shaped and ambient DSH env vars from child processes', async () => {
-    process.env.DSH_TEST_API_KEY = 'super-secret'
-    process.env.DSH_TEST_TOKEN = 'also-secret'
-    process.env.DSH_TEST_PLAIN = 'visible'
-    try {
-      const result = await runBash(spec('echo "[${DSH_TEST_API_KEY:-absent}|${DSH_TEST_TOKEN:-absent}|${DSH_TEST_PLAIN:-absent}]"')).done
-      expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toBe('[absent|absent|absent]')
-    } finally {
-      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_API_KEY
-      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_TOKEN
-      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_PLAIN
-    }
-  })
-
-  it('injects only the current trusted DSH environment after scrubbing ambient values', async () => {
-    process.env.DSH_STALE = 'old-value'
-    try {
-      const result = await runBash(spec('echo "[${DSH_STALE:-absent}|$DSH_SHELL|$DSH_SESSION_ID]"', {
-        dshEnv: { DSH_SHELL: '1', DSH_SESSION_ID: 'current-session' },
-      })).done
-      expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toBe('[absent|1|current-session]')
-    } finally {
-      delete process.env.DSH_STALE
-    }
-  })
-
-  it('rejects DSH variables on the ordinary env channel', () => {
-    expect(() => runBash(spec('true', { env: { DSH_WRONG_CHANNEL: 'bad' } })))
-      .toThrow(/DSH_WRONG_CHANNEL.*dshEnv/)
-  })
-
-  it('rejects ordinary variables on the managed env channel', () => {
-    const invalid = { PATH: '/wrong-channel' } as unknown as DshEnvironment
-    expect(() => runBash(spec('true', { dshEnv: invalid })))
-      .toThrow(/managed bash env.*PATH.*use env/)
-  })
-
-  it('creates spill files with owner-only permissions and random names', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
-      { spillDir },
-    ).done
-    const path = result.stdout.spillPath!
-    expect(path).toMatch(/dsh-bash-\d+-\d+-[0-9a-f]{12}-stdout\.log$/)
-    const mode = statSync(path).mode & 0o777
-    expect(mode).toBe(0o600)
-  })
-
-  it('defaults spills into a private per-process directory', async () => {
-    const result = await runBash(
-      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
-    ).done
-    const dir = dirname(result.stdout.spillPath!)
-    expect(dir).toMatch(/dsh-bash-/)
-    const mode = statSync(dir).mode & 0o777
-    expect(mode).toBe(0o700)
-  })
-
-  it('killGroup never throws, even for EPERM-style failures', () => {
-    const spy = vi.spyOn(process, 'kill').mockImplementation(() => {
-      throw Object.assign(new Error('EPERM'), { code: 'EPERM' })
-    })
-    try {
-      expect(() => { killGroup(12345, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
-    } finally {
-      spy.mockRestore()
-    }
-  })
-
-  it('honors AbortSignal on background-style runs (no timeout)', async () => {
-    const controller = new AbortController()
-    const running = runBash(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
-    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort() }, 50)
-    const result = await running.done
-    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
-  })
-})
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
    {
      "path": "../../bash/bash"
    },
+    {
+      "path": "../../subprocess/subprocess"
+    },
    {
      "path": "../../support/invariants"
    }
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy": "workspace:^",
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export type Config = LocalConfig
 * mode; `result.sandbox` reports the mode and enforcement actually used.
 */
 export class SandboxBashExecutor extends LocalBashExecutor {
-  static inject = ['sandbox', 'sandboxPolicy']
+  static override inject = ['subprocess', 'sandbox', 'sandboxPolicy']

  // No own Config: the sandbox default (mode + workspaceRoot) moved to
  // ctx.sandboxPolicy, so this executor inherits LocalBashExecutor's Config
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export class SandboxBashExecutor extends LocalBashExecutor {
   * Wrap one shell command via the `ctx.sandbox` provider: hand over the
   * exact `['bash', '-c', command]` argv this executor would spawn, get back
   * the confined argv, and re-assemble it into the `exec …` command string
-   * the inherited spawn path runs (the outer `bash -c` that `runBash` spawns
+   * the inherited spawn path runs (the outer `bash -c` the subprocess service spawns
   * `exec`s into the runner, so no extra shell lingers). Provider errors
   * (fail-closed `SANDBOX_UNAVAILABLE`) propagate to the caller unchanged.
   */
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { LocalSandboxProvider } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local'
 import { SandboxPolicyService } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy'
 import { bwrapProfileArgs } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local/src/profiles.ts'
 import { SandboxBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'

 /**
 * Keyless integration of the real provider and executor through public run/start paths. With
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ async function sandboxedBash(workspace: string, mode: 'read-only' | 'workspace-w
  ctx = new Context()
  await ctx.plugin(LocalSandboxProvider, {})
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxPolicyService, { mode, workspaceRoot: workspace })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxBashExecutor, { cwd: workspace, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  return ctx.bash as SandboxBashExecutor
 }
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { launcherPath } from 'node-addon-landlock-run'
 import { LocalSandboxProvider } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local'
 import { SandboxPolicyService } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy'
 import { SandboxBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'

 /**
 * KEYLESS consumer-integration proof: the REAL `LocalSandboxProvider` (bwrap
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ async function sandboxedBash(workspace: string, mode: 'read-only' | 'workspace-w
  await ctx.plugin(LocalSandboxProvider, {})
  ;(ctx.sandbox as LocalSandboxProvider).internals = { probeBwrap: () => false }
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxPolicyService, { mode, workspaceRoot: workspace })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxBashExecutor, { cwd: workspace, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  return ctx.bash as SandboxBashExecutor
 }
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import { SANDBOX_UNAVAILABLE, SandboxProvider, SandboxUnavailableError } from '@
 import type { ConfinedArgv, SandboxExecutionPolicy, SandboxMode, SandboxPolicy } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox'
 import { SandboxPolicyService } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy'
 import { SandboxBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import { classifyDenial, classifyRunnerFailure, shellQuote } from '../src/helpers.ts'
 import type { Config } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'

@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ async function setup(
    ...mode !== undefined ? { mode } : {},
    ...workspaceRoot !== undefined ? { workspaceRoot } : {},
  })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+  ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxBashExecutor, { graceMs: 200, ...execConfig })
  const bash = ctx.bash as SandboxBashExecutor
-  bash.internals = { spillDir }
  return { ctx, bash, calls }
 }

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { LocalSandboxProvider } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local'
 import { SandboxPolicyService } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy'
 import { seatbeltProfileArgs } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local/src/profiles.ts'
 import { SandboxBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'

 /**
 * Keyless macOS integration of the real provider and executor through public run/start paths.
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ async function sandboxedBash(workspace: string, mode: 'read-only' | 'workspace-w
  await ctx.plugin(LocalSandboxProvider, {})
  ;(ctx.sandbox as LocalSandboxProvider).internals = { probeBwrap: () => false, probeLandlock: () => 'unusable' }
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxPolicyService, { mode, workspaceRoot: workspace })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxBashExecutor, { cwd: workspace, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  return ctx.bash as SandboxBashExecutor
 }
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-README.md: b4ee66a1fa2696254a1f2f411b7db5d3190f8370
-README.zh.md: 151d4bd7ab257234584b9008c96e6356d7e39351
+README.md: d7bf746969f52000fe298b65b995b7c631d8001c
+README.zh.md: 14476b770397e4ef850c7c867e3058e25085c339
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Implementations subclass `BashExecutor` and implement the abstract methods. Disp

 The per-session sandbox-mode override vocabulary (the `'sandbox/mode'` event, the `effectiveSandboxMode(events)` fold, and the `setSandboxMode(session, mode)` write path) is NOT here — it is policy state shared by every enforcing family, owned by [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy`](../../sandbox/sandbox-policy/). `run()` returns `BashRunResult`; `start()` returns `BashProcess`, whose incremental read and kill methods are adapted by `dsh-tool-bash` into a generic task registration. A sandboxing executor stamps `BashSandboxInfo` on foreground results and settled process handles. See `src/types.ts` and [core-data-structures/bash.md](../../../docs/core-data-structures/bash.md).

-`stdin` and ordinary `env` are set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges, native plugins) to feed a hook command its JSON payload and `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`/`CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT` values. `dshEnv` is a separate trusted overlay restricted by type to managed keys; the exported `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` is the single source for that namespace, its `DshEnvironmentKey` template type, executor scrubbing, registry validation, derived built-in names, and model guidance. Model bash uses the current snapshot collected by `ctx.bashEnv`. Implementations remove inherited managed keys, reject those names in ordinary `env`, then merge `dshEnv`, so an omitted current fact cannot fall back to stale ambient state. The model-facing tool exposes none of these as parameters. All three remain optional on the resolved spec; absent means no input/overlay. See [the bash-stdin-env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) and [the session environment Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md).
+`stdin` and ordinary `env` are set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges, native plugins) to feed a hook command its JSON payload and `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`/`CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT` values. `dshEnv` is a separate trusted overlay restricted by type to managed keys; the exported `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` is the single source for that namespace, its `DshEnvironmentKey` template type, executor scrubbing, registry validation, derived built-in names, and model guidance. Model bash uses the current snapshot collected by `ctx.bashEnv`. Implementations remove inherited managed keys, then merge `dshEnv` after ordinary `env`, so an omitted current fact cannot fall back to stale ambient state and an `env` entry cannot displace a managed value. The model-facing tool exposes none of these as parameters. All three remain optional on the resolved spec; absent means no input/overlay. See [the bash-stdin-env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) and [the session environment Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md).

 ## Model Experience

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@

 每会话沙箱模式覆盖词汇（`'sandbox/mode'` 事件、`effectiveSandboxMode(events)` fold 以及 `setSandboxMode(session, mode)` 写入路径）不位于此处。它是所有强制执行家族共享的策略状态，属于 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy`](../../sandbox/sandbox-policy/)。`run()` 返回 `BashRunResult`；`start()` 返回 `BashProcess`，其增量读取与终止方法由 `dsh-tool-bash` 适配为通用任务注册。沙箱执行器会在前台结果与已结算进程句柄上标记 `BashSandboxInfo`。详见 `src/types.ts` 与 [core-data-structures/bash.md](../../../docs/core-data-structures/bash.md)。

-`stdin` 与普通 `env` 由同进程插件（hooks 桥接、原生插件）设置，用于向 hook 命令提供其 JSON payload 和 `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`／`CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT` 值。`dshEnv` 是受类型限制、仅允许受管 key 的独立受信任 overlay；导出的 `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` 是该 namespace、其 `DshEnvironmentKey` 模板类型、执行器清理、注册表验证、派生内置名称与模型指引的单一真源。模型 bash 使用 `ctx.bashEnv` 收集的当前快照。实现会移除继承的受管 key，拒绝普通 `env` 中的这些名称，再合并 `dshEnv`，因此省略的当前事实不会回退到陈旧环境状态。面向模型的工具不公开任何一个字段。这三者在已解析 spec 上仍然可选；缺失表示没有输入／overlay。详见 [bash-stdin-env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) 与 [会话环境 Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md)。
+`stdin` 与普通 `env` 由同进程插件（hooks 桥接、原生插件）设置，用于向 hook 命令提供其 JSON payload 和 `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`／`CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT` 值。`dshEnv` 是受类型限制、仅允许受管 key 的独立受信任 overlay；导出的 `DSH_ENV_PREFIX` 是该 namespace、其 `DshEnvironmentKey` 模板类型、执行器清理、注册表验证、派生内置名称与模型指引的单一真源。模型 bash 使用 `ctx.bashEnv` 收集的当前快照。实现会移除继承的受管 key，再在普通 `env` 之后合并 `dshEnv`，因此省略的当前事实不会回退到陈旧环境状态，`env` 条目也无法顶掉受管值。面向模型的工具不公开任何一个字段。这三者在已解析 spec 上仍然可选；缺失表示没有输入／overlay。详见 [bash-stdin-env Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-30-bash-stdin-env-trusted-plugin-surface.md) 与 [会话环境 Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-10-agent-session-identity-and-log-location.md)。

 ## 模型体验

@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@
  "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
  "peerDependencies": {
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "^0.0.1",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess": "^0.0.1",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox": "^0.0.1",
    "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox": "workspace:^",
    "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
  }
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ declare module 'cordis' {
 *   failures settle as `killed` with the error on stderr.
 * - {@link BashProcess.readOutput} is incremental: consecutive reads never
 *   repeat output. Lossy reads report truncation and available spill files.
- * - Disposal kills all running background processes and awaits their exit.
+ * - A still-running background process is stopped and awaited when its
+ *   owning composition tears down. With the subprocess seam that
+ *   boundary is `ctx.subprocess` disposal, so a background process survives
+ *   an executor-only reload.
 */
 export abstract class BashExecutor extends Service {
  constructor(ctx: Context) {
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 /**
 * Execution types for the bash executor seam. Background task semantics belong
- * to `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks`; this seam exposes only process handles.
+ * to `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks`; this seam exposes only process handles. The
+ * managed-environment and captured-output vocabulary is owned by the
+ * subprocess seam and re-exported here so bash consumers keep one import
+ * root.
 * @module dsh-bash/types
 */

 import type { SandboxEnforcement, SandboxExecutionPolicy, SandboxMode } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox'
+import type { CollectedOutput, DshEnvironment } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'

-/** Namespace prefix reserved for DeepSeek Harness-managed child environment facts. */
-export const DSH_ENV_PREFIX = 'DSH_' as const
-
-/** One environment key inside the managed {@link DSH_ENV_PREFIX} namespace. */
-export type DshEnvironmentKey = `${typeof DSH_ENV_PREFIX}${string}`
-
-/** Trusted DeepSeek Harness variables for one bash execution. */
-export type DshEnvironment = Readonly<Record<DshEnvironmentKey, string>>
+export { DSH_ENV_PREFIX } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'
+export type { CollectedOutput, DshEnvironment, DshEnvironmentKey } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'

 /**
 * Sandbox facts for one run, present iff a sandboxing executor handled it.
@@ -62,17 +60,18 @@ export interface BashExecRequest {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries for the command, merged after the credential
-   * scrub. `DSH_*` is reserved for {@link dshEnv} and implementations reject it
-   * here. Set by in-process plugins (the hooks bridges set
-   * `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the model-facing bash tool
-   * does not expose it as a parameter.
+   * scrub. Managed facts belong in {@link dshEnv}, which merges after this
+   * map, so an entry here can never displace one. Set by in-process plugins
+   * (the hooks bridges set `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`, `CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT`, …); the
+   * model-facing bash tool does not expose it as a parameter.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
  /**
-   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution. Executors discard
-   * ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this snapshot, so an unavailable
-   * current fact cannot inherit a stale value from the harness process, and
-   * reject non-`DSH_*` names supplied through this managed channel.
+   * Harness-owned `DSH_*` variables for this execution (typed to managed
+   * keys). Executors discard ambient `DSH_*` entries before merging this
+   * snapshot last, so an unavailable current fact cannot inherit a stale
+   * value from the harness process and a caller {@link env} entry cannot
+   * displace a managed one.
   */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Fully resolved per-call sandbox policy; sandboxing executors default it. */
@@ -99,27 +98,17 @@ export interface BashExecSpec {
  stdin?: string | undefined
  /**
   * Ordinary environment entries carried through from
-   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}. `DSH_*` remains reserved for {@link dshEnv}.
+   * {@link BashExecRequest.env}; {@link dshEnv} still merges after them.
   * OPTIONAL on the spec for the same reason as `stdin`: absent means no
   * ordinary extra environment.
   */
  env?: Record<string, string> | undefined
-  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot; implementations reject ordinary names. */
+  /** Managed `DSH_*` snapshot (typed to managed keys); merges after {@link env}. */
  dshEnv?: DshEnvironment | undefined
  /** Resolved sandbox policy; ignored by executors that do not confine. */
  sandboxPolicy: SandboxExecutionPolicy | undefined
 }

-/** One captured stream: the (possibly truncated) text plus recovery info. */
-export interface CollectedOutput {
-  /** Collected text — the TAIL of the stream when truncated. */
-  text: string
-  /** True when bytes were dropped from `text`. */
-  truncated: boolean
-  /** Path to a file holding the COMPLETE stream, when truncated and available. */
-  spillPath?: string
-}
-
 /** The outcome of one completed (or killed) foreground run. */
 export interface BashRunResult {
  /** Exit code; null when the process died from a signal. */
@@ -165,8 +154,9 @@ export interface BashProcessRead {

 /**
 * A background process handle returned by {@link BashExecutor.start}. It is the
- * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Executor
- * disposal kills running processes and awaits {@link done}.
+ * only access path; buffered output remains readable after exit. Composition
+ * teardown (the subprocess service's disposal) kills running processes and
+ * awaits {@link done}; an executor-only reload leaves them running.
 */
 export interface BashProcess {
  /** Process lifecycle state (settled exactly once). */
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
    {
      "path": "../../../vendor/cordis"
    },
+    {
+      "path": "../../subprocess/subprocess"
+    },
    {
      "path": "../../sandbox/sandbox"
    },
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-paths": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy": "workspace:^",
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { mountAgentLoopTestDependencies } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop-test
 import LocalTaskService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks-local'
 import * as ToolTasks from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-tasks'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import * as ToolBash from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-bash'
 import { MockAdapter, textResponse, toolCallResponse } from '../../../core/agent-loop/tests/mock-adapter.ts'

@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ async function harness(adapter: MockAdapter, sessionRoot?: string, dshHome?: str
  await ctx.plugin(AgentLoop, { agents: [] })
  await ctx.plugin(LocalTaskService)
  await ctx.plugin(ToolTasks)
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { timeoutMs: 10_000 })
  await ctx.plugin(ToolBash, dshHome === undefined ? {} : { dshHome })
  ctx.llm.registerAdapter(['mock'], adapter)
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import * as ToolTasks from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-tasks'
 import ApprovalService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-user-approval'
 import type { ApprovalOutcome } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-user-approval'
 import { LocalBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import SandboxPolicyService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy'
 import * as ToolBash from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-bash'
 import { processOutcome } from '../src/background.ts'
@@ -32,8 +33,9 @@ async function setup() {
  await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
  await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry)
  await ctx.plugin(AgentRegistry)
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+  ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { timeoutMs: 10_000, graceMs: 200 })
-  ;(ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor).internals = { spillDir }
  await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
  return ctx
 }
@@ -46,8 +48,9 @@ async function setupWithTasks() {
  await ctx.plugin(AgentRegistry)
  await ctx.plugin(LocalTaskService)
  await ctx.plugin(ToolTasks)
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+  ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
  await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { timeoutMs: 10_000, graceMs: 200 })
-  ;(ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor).internals = { spillDir }
  await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
  return ctx
 }
@@ -275,8 +278,9 @@ describe('bash tool', () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
    await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
    await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry)
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
+    ;(ctx.subprocess as LocalSubprocessService).internals = { spillDir }
    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { maxOutputBytes: 100, graceMs: 200 })
-    ;(ctx.bash as LocalBashExecutor).internals = { spillDir }
    await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
    const result = await call(ctx, 'bash', { command: 'for i in $(seq 1 100); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', description: 'test command' })
    expect(text(result)).toContain('[output truncated; full output: ')
@@ -383,6 +387,7 @@ describe('bash tool', () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
    await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
    await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry)
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, {})
    const fiber = await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
    expect(ctx.tools.schemas()).toHaveLength(1)
@@ -400,6 +405,7 @@ describe('bash tool', () => {
    // inject: ['tools', 'bash'] keeps the plugin pending until bash exists.
    await ctx.plugin(ToolBash)
    expect(ctx.tools.schemas()).toHaveLength(0)
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, {})
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 0))
    expect(ctx.tools.schemas()).toHaveLength(1)
@@ -411,6 +417,7 @@ describe('bash tool', () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
    await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
    await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry)
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, {})
    ToolBash.apply(ctx, {})
    const schema = ctx.tools.schemas()[0]!
@@ -526,6 +533,7 @@ describe('background execution through the task runtime', () => {
    const ctx = new Context()
    await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
    await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry)
+    await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
    await ctx.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, {})
    await ctx.plugin(ToolBash, { enableRunInBackground: false })

@@ -752,6 +752,16 @@ export const SERVICE_API: readonly ServiceApiEntry[] = [
      },
    ],
  },
+  {
+    key: 'subprocess',
+    summary: 'Abstract subprocess service.',
+    methods: [
+      {
+        signature: 'abstract spawn(spec: SubprocessSpawnSpec): SubprocessHandle',
+        jsDoc: '/**\n * Start one managed child process from a fully-specified spec; this seam\n * applies no defaults.\n * @param spec - argv, directory, stdio dispositions, grace, cancellation, and environment.\n * @returns the live process handle (streams/readers, signalling, outcome promise).\n */',
+      },
+    ],
+  },
  {
    key: 'systemPrompt',
    summary: 'Registry service for the prompt inputs assembled before each model step.',
@@ -2263,6 +2273,46 @@ export const TYPE_API: readonly TypeApiEntry[] = [
    name: 'SubagentStopReasonMap',
    declaration: 'export interface SubagentStopReasonMap {\n    completed: \'completed\';\n    aborted: \'aborted\';\n    error: \'error\';\n    \'max-tokens\': \'max-tokens\';\n    refusal: \'refusal\';\n}',
  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessCollect',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessCollect {\n    maxBytes: number;\n    spill?: {\n        maxBytes: number;\n    };\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessCollectedOutputs',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessCollectedOutputs {\n    readonly stdout?: SubprocessOutputReader;\n    readonly stderr?: SubprocessOutputReader;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessHandle',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessHandle {\n    readonly pid: number;\n    readonly stdin: Writable | undefined;\n    readonly stdout: Readable | undefined;\n    readonly stderr: Readable | undefined;\n    readonly collected: SubprocessCollectedOutputs;\n    readonly done: Promise<SubprocessOutcome>;\n    terminate(): void;\n    waitForExit(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<boolean>;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessOutcome',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessOutcome {\n    exitCode: number | null;\n    signal: NodeJS.Signals | null;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessOutputMode',
+    declaration: 'export type SubprocessOutputMode = \'pipe\' | \'inherit\' | SubprocessCollect;',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessOutputRead',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessOutputRead {\n    text: string;\n    nextOffset: number;\n    lossy: boolean;\n    spillPath?: string;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessOutputReader',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessOutputReader {\n    readFrom(fromByte: number): SubprocessOutputRead;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessSpawnSpec',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessSpawnSpec {\n    argv: readonly string[];\n    cwd: string;\n    stdio: SubprocessStdio;\n    graceMs: number;\n    signal?: AbortSignal | undefined;\n    env?: Record<string, string> | undefined;\n}',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessStdinMode',
+    declaration: 'export type SubprocessStdinMode = \'ignore\' | \'pipe\' | {\n    readonly data: string;\n};',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'SubprocessStdio',
+    declaration: 'export interface SubprocessStdio {\n    stdin: SubprocessStdinMode;\n    stdout: SubprocessOutputMode;\n    stderr: SubprocessOutputMode;\n}',
+  },
  {
    name: 'SurfaceEvent',
    declaration: 'export type SurfaceEvent = SessionEvent<SurfaceEventType> & {\n    surfaceOp: SurfaceOp;\n};',
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const decompress = promisify(zstdDecompress)
 const dshPackages = [
  'examples/agent-spine-demo', 'core/agent', 'core/session', 'core/system-prompt',
  'core/tools', 'core/agent-loop', 'llm/llm', 'bash/bash',
-  'bash/bash-local', 'bash/tool-bash', 'context/workspace-context', 'support/invariants', 'ui/app-boot',
+  'bash/bash-local', 'bash/tool-bash', 'subprocess/subprocess', 'subprocess/subprocess-local', 'context/workspace-context', 'support/invariants', 'ui/app-boot',
  'session-persistence/session-persistence',
  'session-persistence/session-checkpoint-policy', 'session-persistence/session-persistence-jsonl',
  'acp/acp', 'examples/acp-demo', 'util/paths',
@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ async function makeConsumer(): Promise<string> {
  await writeFile(join(dir, 'cordis.yml'), [
    '- id: mock-llm',
    '  name: \'./mock-llm.mjs\'',
+    '- id: subprocess',
+    '  name: \'@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local\'',
    '- id: bash',
    '  name: \'@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local\'',
    '- id: acp-agent',
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ const CORDIS_YML = `
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-deepseek'
  config:
    apiKey: !!js process.env.DEEPSEEK_API_KEY
+- id: subprocess
+  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 - id: bash
  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'
 - id: acp-agent
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-paths": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm-retry": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-policy": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-scope": "workspace:^",
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { basename, join } from 'node:path'
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { Context } from 'cordis'
 import { SandboxBashExecutor } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-sandbox'
+import LocalSubprocessService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'
 import * as FsPolicy from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-policy'
 import SandboxedFileSystem from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-sandbox'
 import { CallId } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ beforeEach(async () => {
  ctx = new Context()
  await ctx.plugin(LocalSandboxProvider, {})
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxPolicyService, { mode: 'workspace-write', workspaceRoot: fallbackRoot })
+  await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxBashExecutor, { cwd: fallbackRoot, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
  await ctx.plugin(SandboxedFileSystem, { cwd: fallbackRoot })
  await ctx.plugin(agentSpine, {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const decompress = promisify(zstdDecompress)
 const dshPackages = [
  'examples/agent-spine-demo', 'examples/cli-demo', 'core/agent', 'core/session',
  'core/system-prompt', 'core/tools', 'core/agent-loop', 'llm/llm', 'bash/bash',
-  'bash/bash-local', 'bash/tool-bash', 'support/invariants', 'ui/app-boot',
+  'bash/bash-local', 'bash/tool-bash', 'subprocess/subprocess', 'subprocess/subprocess-local', 'support/invariants', 'ui/app-boot',
  'session-persistence/session-persistence', 'session-persistence/session-checkpoint-policy',
  'session-persistence/session-persistence-jsonl',
  'context/workspace-context',
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ async function makeConsumer(): Promise<string> {
  await writeFile(join(dir, 'cordis.yml'), [
    '- id: mock-llm',
    "  name: './mock-llm.ts'",
+    '- id: subprocess',
+    "  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local'",
    '- id: bash',
    "  name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local'",
    '- id: cli-agent',
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-bash-local": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-invariants": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm": "workspace:^",
    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-retention": "workspace:^",
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More