Merge branch 'develop' into copilot/fix-t-beam-wifi-crash

feat(stm32): Add STM32 ADC support to AnalogBatteryLevel (#9369 )
Integrate STM32 battery monitoring into AnalogBatteryLevel, supporting external GPIO ADC pins as well as internal VBAT channel. Features: - ADC reading using STM32 LL (Lower Layer) macros supporting external ADC channels and internal VBAT channel (AVBAT) - ADC compensation using STM32 LL macros with factory-calibrated VREFINT (AVREF) for accurate voltage measurement - LFP battery OCV curve for STM32WL using AVBAT (STM32 VDD absolute maximum supply voltage 3.9V, direct connection of Li-Po batteries is not supported) Internal VBAT channel implemented in: - Russell - RAK3172 In these variants, ADC_MULTIPLIER = (1.01f * 3) = 3.30 as there is a 3:1 internal divider (DS13105 Rev 12 §5.3.21), and a bit of tolerance as the actual 10% spec leads to readings much too high. Assisted-by: Claude:sonnet-4-5 Signed-off-by: Andrew Yong <me@ndoo.sg>
2026-04-16 06:54:33 -05:00 · 2026-04-16 10:58:54 +01:00 · 2026-04-14 21:32:48 +02:00 · 2026-04-14 13:11:47 -05:00 · 2026-04-14 13:11:36 -05:00 · 2026-04-14 13:05:58 -05:00
169 changed files with 8373 additions and 860 deletions
@@ -4,9 +4,14 @@ on:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      # trunk-ignore(checkov/CKV_GHA_7)
+      target:
+        type: string
+        required: false
+        description: Choose the target board, e.g. nrf52_promicro_diy_tcxo. If blank, will find available targets.
      arch:
        type: choice
        options:
+          - all
          - esp32
          - esp32s3
          - esp32c3
@@ -15,32 +20,18 @@ on:
          - rp2040
          - rp2350
          - stm32
-      target:
-        type: string
-        required: false
-        description: Choose the target board, e.g. nrf52_promicro_diy_tcxo. If blank, will find available targets.
-      # find-target:
-      #   type: boolean
-      #   default: true
-      #   description: 'Find the available targets'
+        description: Choose an arch to limit the search, or 'all' to search all architectures.
+        default: all

 permissions: read-all

 jobs:
  find-targets:
-    if: ${{ inputs.target == '' }}
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        arch:
-          - esp32
-          - esp32s3
-          - esp32c3
-          - esp32c6
-          - nrf52840
-          - rp2040
-          - rp2350
-          - stm32
+          - all
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -51,14 +42,37 @@ jobs:
      - run: pip install -U platformio
      - name: Generate matrix
        id: jsonStep
+        env:
+          BUILDTARGET: ${{ inputs.target }}
+          MATRIXARCH: ${{ inputs.arch }}
        run: |
          TARGETS=$(./bin/generate_ci_matrix.py ${{matrix.arch}} --level extra)
-          echo "Name: $GITHUB_REF_NAME" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Base: $GITHUB_BASE_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Arch: ${{matrix.arch}}" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Ref: $GITHUB_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Targets:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo $TARGETS | jq -r 'sort_by(.board) |.[] | "- " + .board' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [ "$BUILDTARGET" = "" ]; then
+            echo "Name: $GITHUB_REF_NAME" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "Base: $GITHUB_BASE_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "Arch: $MATRIXARCH" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "Ref: $GITHUB_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "## 🎯 The following target boards are available to build:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "| Platform | Board |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "| -------- | ----- |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo $TARGETS | jq -r 'sort_by(.board) | sort_by(.platform) |.[] | "| " + .platform + " | " + .board + " |" ' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "We build this one:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            ARCH=$(echo "$TARGETS" | jq --arg BUILDTARGET "$BUILDTARGET" -r '.[] | select(.board==$BUILDTARGET) | .platform')
+            echo "| Platform | Board |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "| -------- | ----- |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "| $ARCH | "$BUILDTARGET" |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            if [[ "$ARCH" == "" ]]; then
+              echo "## ❌ Error: Target "$BUILDTARGET" not found!" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            else
+              echo "## ✅ Target "$BUILDTARGET" found, proceeding to build." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            fi
+            echo "You may need to refresh this page to make the built firmware appear below." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            echo "arch=$ARCH" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          fi
+    outputs:
+      arch: ${{ steps.jsonStep.outputs.arch }}

  version:
    if: ${{ inputs.target != '' }}
@@ -78,12 +92,12 @@ jobs:

  build:
    if: ${{ inputs.target != '' && inputs.arch != 'native' }}
-    needs: [version]
+    needs: [version, find-targets]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/build_firmware.yml
    with:
      version: ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }}
      pio_env: ${{ inputs.target }}
-      platform: ${{ inputs.arch }}
+      platform: ${{ needs.find-targets.outputs.arch }}

  gather-artifacts:
    permissions:
@@ -56,6 +56,25 @@ jobs:
          echo "long=$(./bin/buildinfo.py long)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
        id: version

+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
+        with:
+          cache-image: true
+
+      - name: Docker setup
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
+        with:
+          # Add Google/Amazon DockerHub mirrors to buildkit config
+          # https://docs.docker.com/build/ci/github-actions/configure-builder/#registry-mirror
+          buildkitd-config-inline: |
+            [registry."docker.io"]
+              mirrors = ["mirror.gcr.io", "public.ecr.aws"]
+
+      - name: Sanitize platform string
+        id: sanitize_platform
+        # Replace slashes with underscores
+        run: echo "cleaned_platform=${{ inputs.platform }}" | sed 's/\//_/g' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
      - name: Docker login
        if: ${{ inputs.push }}
        uses: docker/login-action@v4
@@ -63,17 +82,6 @@ jobs:
          username: meshtastic
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_FIRMWARE_TOKEN }}

-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
-
-      - name: Docker setup
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
-
-      - name: Sanitize platform string
-        id: sanitize_platform
-        # Replace slashes with underscores
-        run: echo "cleaned_platform=${{ inputs.platform }}" | sed 's/\//_/g' >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
      - name: Docker tag
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
@@ -95,3 +103,6 @@ jobs:
          platforms: ${{ inputs.platform }}
          build-args: |
            PIO_ENV=${{ inputs.pio_env }}
+          # Cache image layers in GitHub Actions cache to speed up subsequent builds.
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
@@ -301,15 +301,17 @@ jobs:
        id: release_notes
        run: |
          chmod +x ./bin/generate_release_notes.py
-          NOTES=$(./bin/generate_release_notes.py ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }})
+          NOTES=$(./bin/generate_release_notes.py ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }} --compare-ref HEAD 2>release_notes.log)
          echo "notes<<EOF" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          echo "$NOTES" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          echo "EOF" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "### Release note range" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          cat release_notes.log >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Create release
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v3
        id: create_release
        with:
          draft: true
@@ -466,7 +468,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Generate release notes
        run: |
          chmod +x ./bin/generate_release_notes.py
-          ./bin/generate_release_notes.py ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }} > ./publish/release_notes.md
+          ./bin/generate_release_notes.py ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }} --compare-ref HEAD > ./publish/release_notes.md
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Apply quality label if needed
        if: steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        env:
          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
        with:
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
      - name: Determine if completeness check should be skipped
        if: steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == ''
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        id: check-skip
        with:
          script: |
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Process analysis result
        if: (steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == '') && steps.check-skip.outputs.should_skip != 'true' && steps.analysis.outputs.response != ''
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        id: process
        env:
          AI_RESPONSE: ${{ steps.analysis.outputs.response }}
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Apply triage label
        if: steps.process.outputs.label != '' && steps.process.outputs.label != 'none'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        env:
          LABEL_NAME: ${{ steps.process.outputs.label }}
        with:
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Comment on issue
        if: steps.process.outputs.should_comment == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        env:
          COMMENT_BODY: ${{ steps.process.outputs.comment_body }}
        with:
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
      # Step 1: Check if PR already has automation/type labels (skip if so)
      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
      - name: Check existing labels
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        id: check-labels
        with:
          script: |
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Apply quality label if needed
        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        id: quality-label
        env:
          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Apply type label
        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.check-labels.outputs.has_type_label != 'true' && steps.classify.outputs.response != ''
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        env:
          TYPE_LABEL: ${{ steps.classify.outputs.response }}
        with:
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ on:
    secrets:
      PPA_GPG_PRIVATE_KEY:
        required: true
+      PPA_SFTP_PRIVATE_KEY:
+        required: true
    inputs:
      ppa_repo:
        description: Meshtastic PPA to target
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ jobs:
      build_location: ppa

  package-ppa:
+    if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request_target' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    needs: build-debian-src
    steps:
@@ -40,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash
        run: |
          sudo apt-get update -y --fix-missing
-          sudo apt-get install -y dput
+          sudo apt-get install -y dput openssh-client

      - name: Import GPG key
        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
@@ -65,8 +68,42 @@ jobs:
      - name: Display structure of downloaded files
        run: ls -lah

-      - name: Publish with dput
-        if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request_target' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
-        timeout-minutes: 15 # dput is terrible, sometimes runs 'forever'
+      - name: Trust Launchpad's SSH key
        run: |
-          dput ${{ inputs.ppa_repo }} meshtasticd_${{ steps.version.outputs.deb }}~${{ inputs.series }}_source.changes
+          mkdir -p ~/.ssh
+          ssh-keyscan -H ppa.launchpad.net >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
+
+      - name: Setup dput config
+        env:
+          ppa_login: meshtasticorg
+        run: |
+          sudo tee /etc/meshtastic-dput.cf >/dev/null <<EOF
+          [ppa]
+          fqdn                    = ppa.launchpad.net
+          method                  = ftp
+          incoming                = ~%(ppa)s
+          login                   = anonymous
+
+          [ssh-ppa]
+          fqdn                    = ppa.launchpad.net
+          method                  = sftp
+          incoming                = ~%(ssh-ppa)s
+          login                   = ${ppa_login}
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Import SSH key
+        uses: webfactory/ssh-agent@v0.10.0
+        with:
+          ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.PPA_SFTP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+        id: ssh
+
+      - name: Publish with dput (sftp)
+        timeout-minutes: 30 # dput is terrible, sometimes runs 'forever'
+        env:
+          up_ppa_repo: ${{ inputs.ppa_repo }}
+          up_series: ${{ inputs.series }}
+          up_version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.deb }}
+        run: >
+          dput -c /etc/meshtastic-dput.cf
+          ssh-${up_ppa_repo}
+          meshtasticd_${up_version}~${up_series}_source.changes
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check for PR labels
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        with:
          script: |
            const labels = context.payload.pull_request.labels.map(label => label.name);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Comment test results on PR
        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && needs.native-tests.result != 'skipped'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
        with:
          script: |
            const fs = require('fs');
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
          node-version: 24

      - name: Setup pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
        with:
          version: latest

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ plugins:
      uri: https://github.com/trunk-io/plugins
 lint:
  enabled:
-    - checkov@3.2.513
-    - renovate@43.104.1
+    - checkov@3.2.517
+    - renovate@43.110.9
    - prettier@3.8.1
-    - trufflehog@3.94.2
+    - trufflehog@3.94.3
    - yamllint@1.38.0
    - bandit@1.9.4
    - trivy@0.69.3
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+Lora:
+## Ebyte E80-900M22S
+## This is a bit experimental
+## 
+##
+  Module: lr1121
+  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
+  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
+  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
+  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
+  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
+
+
+  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
+  spiSpeed: 2000000
+  
+rfswitch_table:
+  pins: [DIO5, DIO6, DIO7]
+  MODE_STBY: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+  MODE_RX: [LOW, HIGH, LOW]
+  MODE_TX: [HIGH, HIGH, LOW]
+  MODE_TX_HP: [HIGH, LOW, LOW]
+  MODE_TX_HF: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+  MODE_GNSS: [LOW, LOW, HIGH]
+  MODE_WIFI: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+
+General:
+  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+Lora:
+## Ebyte E80-900M22S
+## This is a bit experimental
+## 
+##
+  Module: lr1121
+  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
+  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
+  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
+  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
+  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
+
+
+  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
+  spiSpeed: 2000000
+  
+rfswitch_table:
+  pins:
+    - DIO5
+    - DIO6
+  MODE_STBY:
+    - LOW
+    - LOW
+  MODE_RX:
+    - HIGH
+    - LOW
+  MODE_TX:
+    - HIGH
+    - HIGH
+  MODE_TX_HP:
+    - LOW
+    - HIGH
+  MODE_TX_HF:
+    - LOW
+    - LOW
+  MODE_GNSS:
+    - LOW
+    - LOW
+  MODE_WIFI:
+    - LOW
+    - LOW
+
+General:
+  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+Lora:
+## Ebyte E80-900M22S
+## This is a bit experimental
+## 
+##
+  Module: lr1121
+  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
+  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
+  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
+  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
+  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
+
+
+  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
+  spiSpeed: 2000000
+  
+rfswitch_table:
+  pins: [DIO5, DIO6, DIO7]
+  MODE_STBY: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+  MODE_RX: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+  MODE_TX: [LOW, HIGH, LOW]
+  MODE_TX_HP: [HIGH, LOW, LOW]
+  # MODE_TX_HF: []
+  # MODE_GNSS: []
+  MODE_WIFI: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
+
+General:
+  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Pi-Hat
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  CS: # GPIO0_A1 (physical 40)
+    pin: 1
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 1
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A3 (physical 36)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  Busy: # GPIO0_A0 (physical 38)
+    pin: 0
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 0
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B4 (physical 12)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  TXen: # GPIO1_D1 (physical 33)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  RXen: # GPIO1_B3 (physical 32)
+    pin: 43
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 11
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  # Only for E22-900M33S:
+  # Limit the output power to 8 dBm
+  # SX126X_MAX_POWER: 8
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Mini
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262 # Ebyte E22-900M22S
+  CS: # GPIO0_B6 (physical 24, SPI1_CSN0)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A3 (physical 36)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  Busy: # GPIO0_A0 (physical 38)
+    pin: 0
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 0
+  Reset: # GPIO1_C3 (physical 18)
+    pin: 51
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 19
+  RXen: # GPIO1_B3 (physical 32)
+    pin: 43
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 11
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A5 (IO6, physical 15)
+    pin: 5
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 5
+  Reset: # GPIO0_A3 (IO4, physical 36)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  Busy: # GPIO1_C3 (IO5, physical 18)
+    pin: 51
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 19
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 43 # GPIO1_B3 (physical 32)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 11
+    - pin: 57 # GPIO1_D1 (physical 33)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 25
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B6 (SPI1_CSN0, physical 24)
+  #   pin: 14
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 14
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B4 (IO6, physical 12)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  Reset: # GPIO1_C3 (IO4, physical 18)
+    pin: 51
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 19
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B3 (IO5, physical 35)
+    pin: 11
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 11
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 2 # GPIO0_A2 (physical 37)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 2
+    - pin: 50 # GPIO1_C2 (physical 16)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 18
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_A7 (SPI1_CSN1, physical 26)
+  #   pin: 7
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 7
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13302 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A5 (IO6, physical 15)
+    pin: 5
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 5
+  Reset: # GPIO0_A3 (IO4, physical 36)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  Busy: # GPIO1_C3 (IO5, physical 18)
+    pin: 51
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 19
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 43 # GPIO1_B3 (physical 32)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 11
+    - pin: 57 # GPIO1_D1 (physical 33)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 25
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B6 (SPI1_CSN0, physical 24)
+  #   pin: 14
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 14
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13302 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B4 (IO6, physical 12)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  Reset: # GPIO1_C3 (IO4, physical 18)
+    pin: 51
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 19
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B3 (IO5, physical 35)
+    pin: 11
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 11
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 2 # GPIO0_A2 (physical 37)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 2
+    - pin: 50 # GPIO1_C2 (physical 16)
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 18
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_A7 (SPI1_CSN1, physical 26)
+  #   pin: 7
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 7
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Meta:
+  name: Waveshare SX1262
+  support: deprecated
+  compatible:
+    - ebyte-ecb41-pge # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262  # Waveshare SX126X XXXM
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  CS: # GPIO0_A1 (physical 40)
+    pin: 1
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 1
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A3 (physical 36)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  Busy: # GPIO0_A0 (physical 38)
+    pin: 0
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 0
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B4 (physical 12)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  SX126X_ANT_SW: # GPIO1_B2 (physical 31)
+    pin: 42
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 10
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Pi-Hat
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  CS: # GPIO0_C2 (physical 40)
+    pin: 18
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 18
+  IRQ: # GPIO1_D1 (physical 36)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  Busy: # GPIO0_C1 (physical 38)
+    pin: 17
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 17
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B6 (physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  TXen: # GPIO1_C2 (physical 33)
+    pin: 50
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 18
+  RXen: # GPIO1_D2 (physical 32)
+    pin: 58
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 26
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  # Only for E22-900M33S:
+  # Limit the output power to 8 dBm
+  # SX126X_MAX_POWER: 8
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Mini
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262 # Ebyte E22-900M22S
+  CS: # GPIO0_B2_d (phys 24, RPi CE0)
+    pin: 10
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 10
+  IRQ: # GPIO1_D1_d (phys 36, RPi GPIO16)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  Busy: # GPIO0_C1_d (phys 38, RPi GPIO20)
+    pin: 17
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 17
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B4_d (phys 18, RPi GPIO24)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  RXen: # GPIO1_D2_d (phys 32, RPi GPIO12)
+    pin: 58
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 26
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A5 (IO6)
+    pin: 5
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 5
+  Reset: # GPIO1_D1 (IO4)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B4 (IO5)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 58 # GPIO1_D2
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 26
+    - pin: 50 # GPIO1_C2
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 18
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B2
+  #   pin: 10
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 10
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B6 (IO6)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B4 (IO4)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  Busy: # GPIO1_C0 (IO5)
+    pin: 48
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 16
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO0_B5 (IO3)
+  #   pin: 13
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 13
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 51 # GPIO1_C3
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 19
+    - pin: 13 # GPIO0_B5
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 13
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B1
+  #   pin: 9
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 9
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_A5 (IO6)
+    pin: 5
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 5
+  Reset: # GPIO1_D1 (IO4)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B4 (IO5)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO1_C2 (IO3)
+  #   pin: 50
+  #   gpiochip: 1
+  #   line: 18
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 58 # GPIO1_D2
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 26
+    - pin: 50 # GPIO1_C2
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 18
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B2
+  #   pin: 10
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 10
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B6 (IO6)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B4 (IO4)
+    pin: 12
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 12
+  Busy: # GPIO1_C0 (IO5)
+    pin: 48
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 16
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO0_B5 (IO3)
+  #   pin: 13
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 13
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 51 # GPIO1_C3
+      gpiochip: 1
+      line: 19
+    - pin: 13 # GPIO0_B5
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 13
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B1
+  #   pin: 9
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 9
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Meta:
+  name: Waveshare SX1262
+  support: deprecated
+  compatible:
+    - luckfox-lyra-zero-w # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262  # Waveshare SX126X XXXM
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  CS: # GPIO0_C2 (physical 40)
+    pin: 18
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 18
+  IRQ: # GPIO1_D1 (physical 36)
+    pin: 57
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 25
+  Busy: # GPIO0_C1 (physical 38)
+    pin: 17
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 17
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B6 (physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  SX126X_ANT_SW: # GPIO1_B3 (physical 31)
+    pin: 43
+    gpiochip: 1
+    line: 11
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+# MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Pi-Hat
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv-Pi E22-900M30S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  CS: # GPIO0_B0 (physical 40)
+    pin: 8
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 8
+  IRQ: # GPIO3_B0 (physical 36)
+    pin: 104
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 8
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B1 (physical 38)
+    pin: 9
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 9
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B6 (physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  TXen: # GPIO0_A3 (physical 33)
+    pin: 3
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 3
+  RXen: # GPIO0_A2 (physical 32)
+    pin: 2
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 2
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  # Only for E22-900M33S:
+  # Limit the output power to 8 dBm
+  # SX126X_MAX_POWER: 8
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+# MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+# https://github.com/chrismyers2000/MeshAdv-Mini
+Meta:
+  name: MeshAdv Mini E22-900M22S
+  support: community
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262 # Ebyte E22-900M22S
+  CS: # GPIO0_C3 (physical 24, SPI0_CSN0)
+    pin: 19
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 19
+  IRQ: # GPIO3_B0 (physical 36)
+    pin: 104
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 8
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B1 (physical 38)
+    pin: 9
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 9
+  Reset: # GPIO3_A6 (physical 18)
+    pin: 102
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 6
+  RXen: # GPIO0_A2 (physical 32)
+    pin: 2
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 2
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO3_B5 (IO6, physical 15)
+    pin: 109
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 13
+  Reset: # GPIO3_B0 (IO4, physical 36)
+    pin: 104
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 8
+  Busy: # GPIO3_A6 (IO5, physical 18)
+    pin: 102
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 6
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO0_A3 (IO3, physical 33)
+  #   pin: 3
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 3
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 2 # GPIO0_A2 (physical 32)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 2
+    - pin: 3 # GPIO0_A3 (physical 33)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 3
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_C3 (SPI0_CSN0, physical 24)
+  #   pin: 19
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 19
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13300 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B6 (IO6, physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  Reset: # GPIO3_A6 (IO4, physical 18)
+    pin: 102
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 6
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B2 (IO5, physical 35)
+    pin: 10
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 10
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO3_A7 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 103
+  #   gpiochip: 3
+  #   line: 7
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 106 # GPIO3_B2 (physical 37)
+      gpiochip: 3
+      line: 10
+    - pin: 103 # GPIO3_A7 (physical 16)
+      gpiochip: 3
+      line: 7
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B7 (SPI0_CSN1, physical 26)
+  #   pin: 15
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 15
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13302 Slot 1
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO3_B5 (IO6, physical 15)
+    pin: 109
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 13
+  Reset: # GPIO3_B0 (IO4, physical 36)
+    pin: 104
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 8
+  Busy: # GPIO3_A6 (IO5, physical 18)
+    pin: 102
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 6
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO0_A3 (IO3, physical 33)
+  #   pin: 3
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 3
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 2 # GPIO0_A2 (physical 32)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 2
+    - pin: 3 # GPIO0_A3 (physical 33)
+      gpiochip: 0
+      line: 3
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: spidev0.0
+  # CS: # GPIO0_C3 (SPI0_CSN0, physical 24)
+  #   pin: 19
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 19
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+Meta:
+  name: RAK6421 + RAK13302 Slot 2
+  support: community # Promote when tested
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  IRQ: # GPIO0_B6 (IO6, physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  Reset: # GPIO3_A6 (IO4, physical 18)
+    pin: 102
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 6
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B2 (IO5, physical 35)
+    pin: 10
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 10
+  # Ant_sw: # GPIO3_A7 (IO3, physical 16)
+  #   pin: 103
+  #   gpiochip: 3
+  #   line: 7
+  Enable_Pins:
+    - pin: 106 # GPIO3_B2 (physical 37)
+      gpiochip: 3
+      line: 10
+    - pin: 103 # GPIO3_A7 (physical 16)
+      gpiochip: 3
+      line: 7
+  spidev: spidev0.1
+  # CS: # GPIO0_B7 (SPI0_CSN1, physical 26)
+  #   pin: 15
+  #   gpiochip: 0
+  #   line: 15
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: [9, 9, 10, 11, 9, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 10, 9, 8]
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# !! WARNING: Hats on the OK3506 board are installed "backwards" (facing outwards)
+
+Meta:
+  name: Waveshare SX1262
+  support: deprecated
+  compatible:
+    - forlinx-ok3506-s12 # Armbian
+
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262  # Waveshare SX126X XXXM
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  CS: # GPIO0_B0 (physical 40)
+    pin: 8
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 8
+  IRQ: # GPIO3_B0 (physical 36)
+    pin: 104
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 8
+  Busy: # GPIO0_B1 (physical 38)
+    pin: 9
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 9
+  Reset: # GPIO0_B6 (physical 12)
+    pin: 14
+    gpiochip: 0
+    line: 14
+  SX126X_ANT_SW: # GPIO3_B3 (physical 31)
+    pin: 107
+    gpiochip: 3
+    line: 11
+  spidev: spidev0.0
@@ -1,25 +1,31 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Generate release notes from merged PRs on develop and master branches.
-Categorizes PRs into Enhancements and Bug Fixes/Maintenance sections.
-"""
+"""Generate release notes from the actual release commit range."""

-import subprocess
-import re
+import argparse
 import json
+import re
+import subprocess
 import sys
-from datetime import datetime


-def get_last_release_tag():
-    """Get the most recent release tag."""
+def get_last_release_tag(compare_ref, exclude_tag=None):
+    """Get the most recent version tag merged into compare_ref."""
    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["git", "describe", "--tags", "--abbrev=0"],
+        ["git", "tag", "--merged", compare_ref, "--sort=-version:refname", "v*"],
        capture_output=True,
        text=True,
        check=True,
    )
-    return result.stdout.strip()
+
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        candidate = line.strip()
+        if not candidate:
+            continue
+        if exclude_tag and candidate == exclude_tag:
+            continue
+        return candidate
+
+    raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(result.returncode, result.args, output=result.stdout, stderr=result.stderr)


 def get_tag_date(tag):
@@ -33,18 +39,18 @@ def get_tag_date(tag):
    return result.stdout.strip()


-def get_merged_prs_since_tag(tag, branch):
-    """Get all merged PRs since the given tag on the specified branch."""
-    # Get commits since tag on the branch - look for PR numbers in parentheses
+def get_merged_prs_in_range(tag, compare_ref):
+    """Get all merged PRs in the git range between tag and compare_ref."""
    result = subprocess.run(
        [
            "git",
            "log",
-            f"{tag}..origin/{branch}",
+            f"{tag}..{compare_ref}",
            "--oneline",
        ],
        capture_output=True,
        text=True,
+        check=True,
    )

    prs = []
@@ -65,6 +71,25 @@ def get_merged_prs_since_tag(tag, branch):
    return prs


+def parse_args():
+    """Parse CLI arguments."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Generate release notes from the actual release commit range."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("new_version", help="Version that will be tagged for this release")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--base-tag",
+        dest="base_tag",
+        help="Existing version tag to diff from. Defaults to the latest version tag merged into the compare ref.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--compare-ref",
+        default="HEAD",
+        help="Git ref to diff to. Defaults to HEAD.",
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
 def get_pr_details(pr_number):
    """Get PR details from GitHub API via gh CLI."""
    try:
@@ -268,28 +293,28 @@ def get_new_contributors(pr_details_list, tag, repo="meshtastic/firmware"):


 def main():
-    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
-        print("Usage: generate_release_notes.py <new_version>", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    new_version = sys.argv[1]
+    args = parse_args()
+    new_version = args.new_version
+    compare_ref = args.compare_ref
+    current_tag = f"v{new_version}"

    # Get last release tag
    try:
-        last_tag = get_last_release_tag()
+        last_tag = args.base_tag or get_last_release_tag(compare_ref, exclude_tag=current_tag)
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        print("Error: Could not find last release tag", file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(1)

-    # Collect PRs from both branches
-    all_pr_numbers = set()
+    print(
+        f"Resolved release note range: {last_tag}..{compare_ref}",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )

-    for branch in ["develop", "master"]:
-        try:
-            prs = get_merged_prs_since_tag(last_tag, branch)
-            all_pr_numbers.update(prs)
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Warning: Could not get PRs from {branch}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+    try:
+        all_pr_numbers = set(get_merged_prs_in_range(last_tag, compare_ref))
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        print(f"Error: Could not get PRs for range {last_tag}..{compare_ref}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)

    # Get details for all PRs
    enhancements = []
@@ -87,6 +87,12 @@
  </screenshots>

  <releases>
+    <release version="2.7.23" date="2026-04-14">
+      <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.23</url>
+    </release>
+    <release version="2.7.22" date="2026-04-06">
+      <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.22</url>
+    </release>
    <release version="2.7.21" date="2026-03-11">
      <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.21</url>
    </release>
@@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
+meshtasticd (2.7.23.0) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  * Version 2.7.23
+
+ -- GitHub Actions <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>  Tue, 14 Apr 2026 12:29:48 +0000
+
+meshtasticd (2.7.22.0) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  * Version 2.7.22
+
+ -- GitHub Actions <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>  Mon, 06 Apr 2026 11:34:12 +0000
+
 meshtasticd (2.7.21.0) unstable; urgency=medium

  * Version 2.7.21
@@ -131,107 +131,117 @@ lib_deps =
 ; Common libs for environmental measurements in telemetry module
 [environmental_base]
 lib_deps =
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BusIO packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BusIO
-	adafruit/Adafruit BusIO@1.17.4
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit Unified Sensor packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit Unified Sensor
-	adafruit/Adafruit Unified Sensor@1.1.15
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BMP280 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BMP280 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BMP280 Library@3.0.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BMP085 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BMP085 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BMP085 Library@1.2.4
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BME280 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BME280 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BME280 Library@2.3.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit DPS310 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit DPS310
-	adafruit/Adafruit DPS310@1.1.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MCP9808 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MCP9808 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit MCP9808 Library@2.0.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit INA260 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit INA260 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit INA260 Library@1.5.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit INA219 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit INA219
-	adafruit/Adafruit INA219@1.2.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MPU6050 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MPU6050
-	adafruit/Adafruit MPU6050@2.2.9
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LIS3DH packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LIS3DH
-	adafruit/Adafruit LIS3DH@1.3.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit AHTX0 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit AHTX0
-	adafruit/Adafruit AHTX0@2.0.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LSM6DS packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LSM6DS
-	adafruit/Adafruit LSM6DS@4.7.4
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit TSL2591 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit TSL2591 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit TSL2591 Library@1.4.5
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=EmotiBit MLX90632 packageName=emotibit/library/EmotiBit MLX90632
-	emotibit/EmotiBit MLX90632@1.0.8
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MLX90614 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MLX90614 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit MLX90614 Library@2.1.6
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit BusIO packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO/archive/refs/tags/1.17.4.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit Unified Sensor packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor/archive/refs/tags/1.1.15.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit GFX packageName=adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library/archive/refs/tags/1.12.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=NeoPixel packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel/archive/refs/tags/1.15.4.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit SSD1306 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306/archive/refs/tags/2.5.16.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit BMP280 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_BMP280_Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BMP280_Library/archive/refs/tags/3.0.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit BMP085 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit-BMP085-Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-BMP085-Library/archive/refs/tags/1.2.4.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit BME280 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_BME280_Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BME280_Library/archive/refs/tags/2.3.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit DPS310 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_DPS310
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_DPS310/archive/refs/tags/1.1.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit SH110x packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_SH110x
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SH110x/archive/refs/tags/2.1.14.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit MCP9808 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_MCP9808_Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_MCP9808_Library/archive/refs/tags/2.0.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit INA260 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_INA260
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_INA260/archive/refs/tags/1.5.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit INA219 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_INA219
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_INA219/archive/refs/tags/1.2.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit MPU6050 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_MPU6050
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_MPU6050/archive/refs/tags/2.2.9.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit LIS3DH packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_LIS3DH
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_LIS3DH/archive/refs/tags/1.3.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit AHTX0 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_AHTX0
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_AHTX0/archive/refs/tags/2.0.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit LSM6DS packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_LSM6DS
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_LSM6DS/archive/refs/tags/4.7.4.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit TSL2591 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_TSL2591_Library
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_TSL2591_Library/archive/refs/tags/1.4.5.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=EmotiBit MLX90632 packageName=emotibit/EmotiBit_MLX90632
+	https://github.com/EmotiBit/EmotiBit_MLX90632/archive/refs/tags/v1.0.8.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit MLX90614 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_MLX90614
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-MLX90614-Library/archive/refs/tags/2.1.6.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=INA3221 packageName=https://github.com/sgtwilko/INA3221 gitBranch=FixOverflow
 	https://github.com/sgtwilko/INA3221/archive/bb03d7e9bfcc74fc798838a54f4f99738f29fc6a.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=QMC5883L Compass packageName=mprograms/library/QMC5883LCompass
-	mprograms/QMC5883LCompass@1.2.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=DFRobot_RTU packageName=dfrobot/library/DFRobot_RTU
-	dfrobot/DFRobot_RTU@1.0.6
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=QMC5883L Compass packageName=mprograms/QMC5883LCompass
+	https://github.com/mprograms/QMC5883LCompass/archive/refs/tags/v1.2.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=DFRobot_RTU packageName=dfrobot/DFRobot_RTU
+	https://github.com/DFRobot/DFRobot_RTU/archive/refs/tags/V1.0.6.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=DFRobot_RainfallSensor packageName=https://github.com/DFRobot/DFRobot_RainfallSensor gitBranch=master
 	https://github.com/DFRobot/DFRobot_RainfallSensor/archive/38fea5e02b40a5430be6dab39a99a6f6347d667e.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=INA226 packageName=robtillaart/library/INA226
-	robtillaart/INA226@0.6.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=SparkFun MAX3010x packageName=sparkfun/library/SparkFun MAX3010x Pulse and Proximity Sensor Library
-	sparkfun/SparkFun MAX3010x Pulse and Proximity Sensor Library@1.1.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=SparkFun 9DoF IMU Breakout ICM 20948 packageName=sparkfun/library/SparkFun 9DoF IMU Breakout - ICM 20948 - Arduino Library
-	sparkfun/SparkFun 9DoF IMU Breakout - ICM 20948 - Arduino Library@1.3.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LTR390 Library packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LTR390 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit LTR390 Library@1.1.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit PCT2075 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit PCT2075
-	adafruit/Adafruit PCT2075@1.0.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=DFRobot_BMM150 packageName=dfrobot/library/DFRobot_BMM150
-	dfrobot/DFRobot_BMM150@1.0.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit_TSL2561 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit TSL2561
-	adafruit/Adafruit TSL2561@1.1.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=BH1750_WE packageName=wollewald/library/BH1750_WE
-	wollewald/BH1750_WE@1.1.10
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=INA226 packageName=robtillaart/INA226
+	https://github.com/RobTillaart/INA226/archive/refs/tags/0.6.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=SparkFun MAX3010x packageName=sparkfun/SparkFun_MAX3010x_Sensor_Library
+	https://github.com/sparkfun/SparkFun_MAX3010x_Sensor_Library/archive/refs/tags/v1.1.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=SparkFun 9DoF IMU Breakout ICM 20948 packageName=sparkfun/SparkFun_ICM-20948_ArduinoLibrary
+	https://github.com/sparkfun/SparkFun_ICM-20948_ArduinoLibrary/archive/refs/tags/v1.3.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit LTR390 Library packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_LTR390
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_LTR390/archive/refs/tags/1.1.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit PCT2075 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_PCT2075
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_PCT2075/archive/refs/tags/1.0.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=DFRobot_BMM150 packageName=dfrobot/DFRobot_BMM150
+	https://github.com/DFRobot/DFRobot_BMM150/archive/refs/tags/V1.0.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit_TSL2561 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_TSL2561
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_TSL2561/archive/refs/tags/1.1.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=BH1750_WE packageName=wollewald/BH1750_WE
+	https://github.com/wollewald/BH1750_WE/archive/refs/tags/1.1.10.zip

 ; Common environmental sensor libraries (not included in native / portduino)
 [environmental_extra_common]
 lib_deps =
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BMP3XX packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BMP3XX Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BMP3XX Library@2.1.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MAX1704X packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MAX1704X
-	adafruit/Adafruit MAX1704X@1.0.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHTC3 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHTC3 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHTC3 Library@1.0.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LPS2X packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LPS2X
-	adafruit/Adafruit LPS2X@2.0.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHT31 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHT31 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHT31 Library@2.2.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit VEML7700 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit VEML7700 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit VEML7700 Library@2.1.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHT4x packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHT4x Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHT4x Library@1.0.5
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 packageName=sparkfun/library/SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 Arduino Library
-	sparkfun/SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 Arduino Library@1.0.6
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit BMP3XX packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_BMP3XX
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BMP3XX/archive/refs/tags/2.1.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit MAX1704X packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_MAX1704X
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_MAX1704X/archive/refs/tags/1.0.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit SHTC3 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_SHTC3
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SHTC3/archive/refs/tags/1.0.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit LPS2X packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_LPS2X
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_LPS2X/archive/refs/tags/2.0.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit SHT31 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_SHT31
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SHT31/archive/refs/tags/2.2.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit VEML7700 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_VEML7700
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_VEML7700/archive/refs/tags/2.1.6.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit SHT4x packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_SHT4X
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SHT4X/archive/refs/tags/1.0.5.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 packageName=sparkfun/SparkFun_Qwiic_Scale_NAU7802_Arduino_Library
+	https://github.com/sparkfun/SparkFun_Qwiic_Scale_NAU7802_Arduino_Library/archive/refs/tags/v1.0.6.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=ClosedCube OPT3001 packageName=closedcube/library/ClosedCube OPT3001
 	closedcube/ClosedCube OPT3001@1.1.2
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation gitBranch=master
 	https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation/archive/4de3a9cadef0f6a5220a8a906cf9775b02b0040d.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion Core packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion Core
-	sensirion/Sensirion Core@0.7.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD4x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD4x
-	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD4x@1.1.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SFA3x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SFA3x
-	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SFA3x@1.0.0
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD30 packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD30
-	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD30@1.0.0
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Sensirion Core packageName=sensirion/arduino-core
+	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-core/archive/refs/tags/0.7.3.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Sensirion I2C SCD4x packageName=sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd4x
+	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd4x/archive/refs/tags/1.1.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Sensirion I2C SFA3x packageName=sensirion/arduino-i2c-sfa3x
+	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-sfa3x/archive/refs/tags/1.0.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Sensirion I2C SCD30 packageName=sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd30
+	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd30/archive/refs/tags/1.0.0.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=arduino-sht packageName=sensirion/arduino-sht
+	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-sht/archive/refs/tags/v1.2.6.zip

 ; Environmental sensors with BSEC2 (Bosch proprietary IAQ)
 [environmental_extra]
 lib_deps =
 	${environmental_extra_common.lib_deps}
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Bosch BSEC2 packageName=boschsensortec/library/bsec2
-	boschsensortec/bsec2@1.10.2610
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Bosch BME68x packageName=boschsensortec/library/BME68x Sensor Library
-	boschsensortec/BME68x Sensor Library@1.3.40408
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Bosch BSEC2 packageName=boschsensortec/Bosch-BSEC2-Library
+	https://github.com/boschsensortec/Bosch-BSEC2-Library/archive/refs/tags/1.10.2610.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Bosch BME68x packageName=boschsensortec/Bosch-BME68x-Library
+	https://github.com/boschsensortec/Bosch-BME68x-Library/archive/refs/tags/v1.3.40408.zip

 ; Environmental sensors without BSEC (saves ~3.5KB DRAM for original ESP32 targets)
 [environmental_extra_no_bsec]
 lib_deps =
 	${environmental_extra_common.lib_deps}
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit_BME680 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BME680 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BME680 Library@2.0.6
+	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit_BME680 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_BME680
+	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BME680/archive/refs/tags/2.0.6.zip
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ const char *DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(meshtastic_Config_LoRaC
                                                         bool usePreset)
 {

-    // If use_preset is false, always return "Custom"
+    // If use_preset is false, always return "Custom" — callers such as RadioInterface and Channels
+    // rely on this being a stable literal for channel-name hashing and default-channel detection.
    if (!usePreset) {
        return "Custom";
    }
@@ -21,8 +21,15 @@
 // How many messages are stored (RAM + flash).
 // Define -DMESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT=N in build_flags to control memory usage.
 #ifndef MESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT
+#if defined(ARCH_ESP32) &&                                                                                                       \
+    !(defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2))
+// Baseline ESP32 (non-PSRAM variants) has limited heap; reduce message history on resource-constrained builds.
+// Override with -DMESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT=N if needed.
+#define MESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT 10
+#else
 #define MESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT 20
 #endif
+#endif

 // Internal alias used everywhere in code – do NOT redefine elsewhere.
 #define MAX_MESSAGES_SAVED MESSAGE_HISTORY_LIMIT
@@ -40,6 +40,22 @@
 #include "concurrency/LockGuard.h"
 #endif

+#if defined(ARCH_STM32WL) && defined(BATTERY_PIN)
+#include "stm32yyxx_ll_adc.h"
+
+/* Analog read resolution */
+#if defined(LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B)
+#define LL_ADC_RESOLUTION LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B
+#define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 12
+#elif defined(LL_ADC_DS_DATA_WIDTH_12_BIT)
+#define LL_ADC_RESOLUTION LL_ADC_DS_DATA_WIDTH_12_BIT
+#define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 12
+#else
+#error "ADC resolution could not be defined!"
+#endif
+#define ADC_RANGE (1 << BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS)
+#endif
+
 #if defined(DEBUG_HEAP_MQTT) && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_MQTT
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
 #include "target_specific.h"
@@ -328,11 +344,17 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
            float scaled = 0;

            battery_adcEnable();
-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32 // ADC block for espressif platforms
+#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
+            // STM32 ADC with VREFINT runtime calibration
+            Vref = __LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE(analogRead(AVREF), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION);
+            raw = analogRead(BATTERY_PIN);
+            scaled = __LL_ADC_CALC_DATA_TO_VOLTAGE(Vref, raw, LL_ADC_RESOLUTION);
+            scaled *= operativeAdcMultiplier;
+#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32) // ADC block for espressif platforms
            raw = espAdcRead();
            scaled = esp_adc_cal_raw_to_voltage(raw, adc_characs);
            scaled *= operativeAdcMultiplier;
-#else // block for all other platforms
+#else                     // block for all other platforms
 #ifdef ARCH_NRF52
            concurrency::LockGuard saadcGuard(concurrency::nrf52SaadcLock);
 #endif
@@ -530,6 +552,11 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
    bool initial_read_done = false;
    float last_read_value = (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] * NUM_CELLS);
    uint32_t last_read_time_ms = 0;
+#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
+    // 3300mV placeholder for STM32 errata where VREFINT factory calibration may be missing
+    // (e.g. STM32U0, see DS14756 Rev 3 §2.4.1 "VREFINT offset")
+    uint32_t Vref = 3300;
+#endif

 #if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && defined(HAS_RAKPROT)

@@ -639,7 +666,9 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
 #define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 10
 #endif

-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32 // ESP32 needs special analog stuff
+#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
+    analogReadResolution(BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS);
+#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32) // ESP32 needs special analog stuff

 #ifndef ADC_WIDTH // max resolution by default
    static const adc_bits_width_t width = ADC_WIDTH_BIT_12;
@@ -649,7 +678,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
 #ifndef BAT_MEASURE_ADC_UNIT // ADC1
    adc1_config_width(width);
    adc1_config_channel_atten(adc_channel, atten);
-#else // ADC2
+#else                        // ADC2
    adc2_config_channel_atten(adc_channel, atten);
 #ifndef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3
    // ADC2 wifi bug workaround
@@ -679,7 +708,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()

    // NRF52 ADC init moved to powerHAL_init in nrf52 platform

-#ifndef ARCH_ESP32
+#if !defined(ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
    analogReadResolution(BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS);
 #endif

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log_to_serial(const char *logLevel, const char *format,
        if (color) {
            ::printf("\u001b[0m");
        }
-        ::printf("| %02d:%02d:%02d %u ", hour, min, sec, millis() / 1000);
+        ::printf("| %02d:%02d:%02d %u.%03u ", hour, min, sec, millis() / 1000, millis() % 1000);
 #else
        printf("%s ", logLevel);
        if (color) {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log_to_serial(const char *logLevel, const char *format,
        if (color) {
            ::printf("\u001b[0m");
        }
-        ::printf("| ??:??:?? %u ", millis() / 1000);
+        ::printf("| ??:??:?? %u.%03u ", millis() / 1000, millis() % 1000);
 #else
        printf("%s ", logLevel);
        if (color) {
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ SerialConsole *console;

 void consoleInit()
 {
+    if (console) {
+        return;
+    }
    auto sc = new SerialConsole(); // Must be dynamically allocated because we are now inheriting from thread

 #if defined(SERIAL_HAS_ON_RECEIVE)
@@ -1,10 +1,85 @@
 #include "concurrency/BinarySemaphorePosix.h"
 #include "configuration.h"

+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
 #ifndef HAS_FREE_RTOS

 namespace concurrency
 {
+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+
+BinarySemaphorePosix::BinarySemaphorePosix()
+{
+    if (pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL) != 0) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("pthread_mutex_init failed");
+    }
+    if (pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL) != 0) {
+        pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
+        throw std::runtime_error("pthread_cond_init failed");
+    }
+    signaled = false;
+}
+
+BinarySemaphorePosix::~BinarySemaphorePosix()
+{
+    pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
+    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns false if we timed out
+ */
+bool BinarySemaphorePosix::take(uint32_t msec)
+{
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
+
+    if (!signaled) {
+        struct timespec ts;
+        clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+
+        ts.tv_sec += msec / 1000;
+        ts.tv_nsec += (msec % 1000) * 1000000L;
+        if (ts.tv_nsec >= 1000000000L) {
+            ts.tv_sec += 1;
+            ts.tv_nsec -= 1000000000L;
+        }
+
+        while (!signaled) {
+            int rc = pthread_cond_timedwait(&cond, &mutex, &ts);
+            if (rc == ETIMEDOUT)
+                break;
+            if (rc != 0) {
+                // Some other error occurred
+                pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+                throw std::runtime_error("pthread_cond_timedwait failed: " + std::to_string(rc));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool wasSignaled = signaled;
+    signaled = false; // consume the signal (binary semaphore)
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+    return wasSignaled;
+}
+
+void BinarySemaphorePosix::give()
+{
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
+    signaled = true;
+    pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+}
+
+IRAM_ATTR void BinarySemaphorePosix::giveFromISR(BaseType_t *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken)
+{
+    give();
+    if (pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken)
+        *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken = true;
+}
+#else

 BinarySemaphorePosix::BinarySemaphorePosix() {}

@@ -22,7 +97,8 @@ bool BinarySemaphorePosix::take(uint32_t msec)
 void BinarySemaphorePosix::give() {}

 IRAM_ATTR void BinarySemaphorePosix::giveFromISR(BaseType_t *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken) {}
+#endif

 } // namespace concurrency

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@

 #include "../freertosinc.h"

+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+#include <pthread.h>
+#endif
+
 namespace concurrency
 {

@@ -9,7 +13,12 @@ namespace concurrency

 class BinarySemaphorePosix
 {
-    // SemaphoreHandle_t semaphore;
+
+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
+    pthread_cond_t cond;
+    bool signaled;
+#endif

  public:
    BinarySemaphorePosix();
@@ -27,4 +36,4 @@ class BinarySemaphorePosix

 #endif

-} // namespace concurrency
+} // namespace concurrency
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 // Configuration
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

+// Pre-hop drop handling (compile-time flag).
+#ifndef MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP
+#define MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP 0
+#endif
+
 /// Convert a preprocessor name into a quoted string
 #define xstr(s) ystr(s)
 #define ystr(s) #s
@@ -226,7 +231,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define BME_ADDR 0x76
 #define BME_ADDR_ALTERNATE 0x77
 #define MCP9808_ADDR 0x18
-#define INA_ADDR 0x40
+#define INA_ADDR 0x40 // same as SHT2X
 #define INA_ADDR_ALTERNATE 0x41
 #define INA_ADDR_WAVESHARE_UPS 0x43
 #define INA3221_ADDR 0x42
@@ -239,8 +244,8 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR 0x5C
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR_ALT 0x5D
 #define SFA30_ADDR 0x5D
-#define SHT31_4x_ADDR 0x44
-#define SHT31_4x_ADDR_ALT 0x45
+#define SHTXX_ADDR 0x44
+#define SHTXX_ADDR_ALT 0x45
 #define PMSA003I_ADDR 0x12
 #define QMA6100P_ADDR 0x12
 #define AHT10_ADDR 0x38
@@ -510,6 +515,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_REMOTEHARDWARE 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STOREFORWARD 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TEXTMESSAGE 1
+#define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ATAK 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_CANNEDMESSAGES 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_NEIGHBORINFO 1
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ class ScanI2C
        INA3221,
        MAX17048,
        MCP9808,
-        SHT31,
-        SHT4X,
-        SHTC3,
        LPS22HB,
        QMC6310U,
        QMC6310N,
@@ -94,7 +91,8 @@ class ScanI2C
        SFA30,
        CW2015,
        SCD30,
-        ADS1115
+        ADS1115,
+        SHTXX
    } DeviceType;

    // typedef uint8_t DeviceAddress;
@@ -136,7 +136,9 @@ bool ScanI2CTwoWire::i2cCommandResponseLength(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress addr, uint1
    return match;
 }

-/// for SEN5X detection
+#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_AIR_QUALITY_SENSOR
+// FIXME Move to a separate file for detection of sensors that require more complex interactions?
+// For SEN5X detection
 // Note, this code needs to be called before setting the I2C bus speed
 // for the screen at high speed. The speed needs to be at 100kHz, otherwise
 // detection will not work
@@ -174,6 +176,46 @@ String readSEN5xProductName(TwoWire *i2cBus, uint8_t address)

    return String(productName);
 }
+#endif
+
+#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR
+bool detectSHT21SerialNumber(TwoWire *i2cBus, uint8_t address)
+{
+
+    i2cBus->beginTransmission(address);
+    i2cBus->write(0xFA);
+    i2cBus->write(0x0F);
+
+    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0)
+        return false;
+
+    if (i2cBus->requestFrom(address, (uint8_t)8) != 8)
+        return false;
+
+    // Just flush the data
+    while (i2cBus->available() < 8) {
+        i2cBus->read();
+    }
+
+    i2cBus->beginTransmission(address);
+    i2cBus->write(0xFC);
+    i2cBus->write(0xC9);
+
+    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0)
+        return false;
+
+    if (i2cBus->requestFrom(address, (uint8_t)6) != 6)
+        return false;
+
+    // Just flush the data
+    while (i2cBus->available() < 6) {
+        i2cBus->read();
+    }
+
+    // Assume we detect the SHT21 if something came back from the request
+    return true;
+}
+#endif

 #define SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(ADDR, T, ...)                                                                                           \
    case ADDR:                                                                                                                   \
@@ -371,7 +413,7 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                break;
 #endif
 #if !defined(M5STACK_UNITC6L)
-            case INA_ADDR:
+            case INA_ADDR: // Same as SHT2X
            case INA_ADDR_ALTERNATE:
            case INA_ADDR_WAVESHARE_UPS:
                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFE), 2);
@@ -387,7 +429,12 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                        logFoundDevice("INA260", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                        type = INA260;
                    }
-                } else { // Assume INA219 if INA260 ID is not found
+#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR
+                } else if (detectSHT21SerialNumber(i2cBus, (uint8_t)addr.address)) {
+                    logFoundDevice("SHTXX (SHT2X)", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                    type = SHTXX;
+#endif
+                } else { // Assume INA219 if none of the above ones are found
                    logFoundDevice("INA219", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                    type = INA219;
                }
@@ -448,22 +495,19 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                    }
                    break;
                }
-            case SHT31_4x_ADDR:     // same as OPT3001_ADDR_ALT
-            case SHT31_4x_ADDR_ALT: // same as OPT3001_ADDR
+            case SHTXX_ADDR:     // same as OPT3001_ADDR_ALT
+            case SHTXX_ADDR_ALT: // same as OPT3001_ADDR
                if (getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x7E), 2) == 0x5449) {
                    type = OPT3001;
                    logFoundDevice("OPT3001", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                } else if (i2cCommandResponseLength(addr, 0x89, 6)) { // SHT4x serial number (6 bytes inc. CRC)
-                    type = SHT4X;
-                    logFoundDevice("SHT4X", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                } else {
-                    type = SHT31;
-                    logFoundDevice("SHT31", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                } else { // SHTXX
+                    type = SHTXX;
+                    logFoundDevice("SHTXX", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                }

                break;

-                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SHTC3_ADDR, SHTC3, "SHTC3", (uint8_t)addr.address)
+                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SHTC3_ADDR, SHTXX, "SHTXX", (uint8_t)addr.address)
            case RCWL9620_ADDR:
                // get MAX30102 PARTID
                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFF), 1);
@@ -675,6 +719,7 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                    logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                    break;
                } else {
+#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_AIR_QUALITY_SENSOR
                    String prod = "";
                    prod = readSEN5xProductName(i2cBus, addr.address);
                    if (prod.startsWith("SEN55")) {
@@ -690,6 +735,7 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                        logFoundDevice("Sensirion SEN50", addr.address);
                        break;
                    }
+#endif
                    if (addr.address == BMX160_ADDR) {
                        type = BMX160;
                        logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
@@ -103,6 +103,14 @@ static int32_t gpsSwitch()
    if (gps) {
        int currentState = digitalRead(PIN_GPS_SWITCH);

+        // Respect explicit NOT_PRESENT mode and do not let the hardware switch re-enable GPS.
+        if (config.position.gps_mode == meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_NOT_PRESENT) {
+            gps->disable();
+            lastState = currentState;
+            firstrun = false;
+            return 1000;
+        }
+
        // if the switch is set to zero, disable the GPS Thread
        if (firstrun)
            if (currentState == LOW)
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ void EInkParallelDisplay::display(void)

    // Get pointers to internal buffers
    uint8_t *cur = epaper->currentBuffer();
-    uint8_t *prev = epaper->previousBuffer(); // may be NULL on first init
+    const uint8_t *prev = epaper->previousBuffer(); // may be NULL on first init

    // Track changed row range while converting
    int newTop = h;     // min changed row (initialized to out-of-range)
@@ -1254,14 +1254,14 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)

        // Did we find a pixel that needs updating on this row?
        if (x_FirstPixelUpdate < displayWidth) {
+            // Align the first pixel for update to an even number so the total alignment of
+            // the data will be at 32-bit boundary, which is required by GDMA SPI transfers.
+            x_FirstPixelUpdate &= ~1;

-            // Quickly write out the first changed pixel (saves another array lookup)
-            linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate] = isset ? colorTftMesh : colorTftBlack;
-            x_LastPixelUpdate = x_FirstPixelUpdate;
-
-            // Step 3: copy all remaining pixels in this row into the pixel line buffer,
-            // while also recording the last pixel in the row that needs updating
-            for (x = x_FirstPixelUpdate + 1; x < displayWidth; x++) {
+            // Step 3a: copy rest of the pixels in this row into the pixel line buffer,
+            // while also recording the last pixel in the row that needs updating.
+            // Since the first changed pixel will be looked up, the x_LastPixelUpdate will be set.
+            for (x = x_FirstPixelUpdate; x < displayWidth; x++) {
                isset = buffer[x + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
                linePixelBuffer[x] = isset ? colorTftMesh : colorTftBlack;

@@ -1274,6 +1274,14 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
                    x_LastPixelUpdate = x;
                }
            }
+            // Step 3b: Round up the last pixel to odd number to maintain 32-bit alignment for SPIs.
+            // Most displays will have even number of pixels in a row -- this will be in bounds
+            // of the displayWidth. (Hopefully odd displays will just ignore that extra pixel.)
+            x_LastPixelUpdate |= 1;
+            // Ensure the last pixel index does not exceed the display width.
+            if (x_LastPixelUpdate >= displayWidth) {
+                x_LastPixelUpdate = displayWidth - 1;
+            }
 #if defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
            tft->draw16bitBeRGBBitmap(x_FirstPixelUpdate, y, &linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate],
                                      (x_LastPixelUpdate - x_FirstPixelUpdate + 1), 1);
@@ -408,7 +408,16 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
    display->drawString(nameX, getTextPositions(display)[line++], device_role);

    // === Third Row: Radio Preset ===
-    auto mode = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, config.lora.use_preset);
+    // For custom modem settings show the actual parameters; for presets use the preset name.
+    char modeStr[16];
+    if (!config.lora.use_preset) {
+        snprintf(modeStr, sizeof(modeStr), "BW%u-SF%u-CR%u", static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.bandwidth),
+                 static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.spread_factor), static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.coding_rate));
+    } else {
+        strncpy(modeStr, DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, true),
+                sizeof(modeStr) - 1);
+        modeStr[sizeof(modeStr) - 1] = '\0';
+    }

    char regionradiopreset[25];
    const char *region = myRegion ? myRegion->name : NULL;
@@ -416,7 +425,7 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
        if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::UltraLow) {
            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s", region);
        } else {
-            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s/%s", region, mode);
+            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s/%s", region, modeStr);
        }
    }
    textWidth = display->getStringWidth(regionradiopreset);
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "main.h"
 #include "mesh/Default.h"
 #include "mesh/MeshTypes.h"
+#include "mesh/RadioLibInterface.h"
 #include "modules/AdminModule.h"
 #include "modules/CannedMessageModule.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "modules/TraceRouteModule.h"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <functional>
 #include <utility>

@@ -159,31 +161,22 @@ void menuHandler::LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration)
                return;
            }

+            // Guard: without a reboot, reconfigure() applies the region directly.
+            // Reject LORA_24 on sub-GHz-only hardware — getRadio() used to catch this post-reboot.
+            // TODO: change this to either use the validateLoraConfig() logic or at least check the region for wideLora
+            // rather than a hardcoded check for LORA_24.
+            if (selectedRegion == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24 &&
+                !(RadioLibInterface::instance && RadioLibInterface::instance->wideLora())) {
+                LOG_WARN("Radio hardware does not support 2.4 GHz; ignoring region selection");
+                return;
+            }
+
            config.lora.region = selectedRegion;
            auto changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG;

-        // FIXME: This should be a method consolidated with the same logic in the admin message as well
-        // This is needed as we wait til picking the LoRa region to generate keys for the first time.
 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
-            if (!owner.is_licensed) {
-                bool keygenSuccess = false;
-                if (config.security.private_key.size == 32) {
-                    // public key is derived from private, so this will always have the same result.
-                    if (crypto->regeneratePublicKey(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes)) {
-                        keygenSuccess = true;
-                    }
-
-                } else {
-                    LOG_INFO("Generate new PKI keys");
-                    crypto->generateKeyPair(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes);
-                    keygenSuccess = true;
-                }
-                if (keygenSuccess) {
-                    config.security.public_key.size = 32;
-                    config.security.private_key.size = 32;
-                    owner.public_key.size = 32;
-                    memcpy(owner.public_key.bytes, config.security.public_key.bytes, 32);
-                }
+            if (crypto) {
+                crypto->ensurePkiKeys(config.security, owner);
            }
 #endif
            config.lora.tx_enabled = true;
@@ -199,7 +192,6 @@ void menuHandler::LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration)
            }

            service->reloadConfig(changes);
-            rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
        });

    bannerOptions.durationMs = duration;
@@ -265,13 +257,24 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()
    optionsEnumArray[options++] = 0;

    // Calculate number of channels (copied from RadioInterface::applyModemConfig())
+
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig = config.lora;
    double bw = loraConfig.use_preset ? modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora)
                                      : bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);

    uint32_t numChannels = 0;
    if (myRegion) {
-        numChannels = (uint32_t)floor((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / (myRegion->spacing + (bw / 1000.0)));
+        // Match RadioInterface::applyModemConfig(): include padding, add spacing in numerator, and use round()
+        const double spacing = myRegion->profile->spacing;
+        const double padding = myRegion->profile->padding;
+        const double channelBandwidthMHz = bw / 1000.0;
+        const double numerator = (myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) + spacing;
+        const double denominator = spacing + (padding * 2) + channelBandwidthMHz;
+        if (denominator > 0.0) {
+            numChannels = static_cast<uint32_t>(round(numerator / denominator));
+        } else {
+            LOG_WARN("Invalid region configuration: non-positive channel spacing/width");
+        }
    } else {
        LOG_WARN("Region not set, cannot calculate number of channels");
        return;
@@ -307,7 +310,6 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()

        config.lora.channel_num = selected;
        service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
-        rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
    };

    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -346,7 +348,6 @@ void menuHandler::radioPresetPicker()
            config.lora.channel_num = 0;        // Reset to default channel for the preset
            config.lora.override_frequency = 0; // Clear any custom frequency
            service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
-            rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
        });

    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -422,6 +422,17 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
    std::vector<bool> isMine;   // track alignment
    std::vector<bool> isHeader; // track header lines
    std::vector<AckStatus> ackForLine;
+    // Hard limit on total cached lines to prevent unbounded growth from a single long message.
+    // Reserve to the actual cache cap up front, because a single message can expand to many more
+    // wrapped display lines than a small per-message estimate would predict. For a display
+    // rendering only ~5-30 lines at a time, caching more than this limit wastes heap. Stop
+    // appending once we reach MAX_CACHED_LINES to prevent a single message from blowing out the
+    // heap.
+    constexpr size_t MAX_CACHED_LINES = 100U; // ~5-6KB for std::string overhead on 32-bit (if each ~50-60 bytes avg)
+    allLines.reserve(MAX_CACHED_LINES);
+    isMine.reserve(MAX_CACHED_LINES);
+    isHeader.reserve(MAX_CACHED_LINES);
+    ackForLine.reserve(MAX_CACHED_LINES);

    for (auto it = filtered.rbegin(); it != filtered.rend(); ++it) {
        const auto &m = *it;
@@ -565,16 +576,23 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16

        int wrapWidth = mine ? rightTextWidth : leftTextWidth;
        std::vector<std::string> wrapped = generateLines(display, "", msgText, wrapWidth);
+        // Per-message wrap-line limit: even if wrapping produces many lines, cap them to prevent
+        // a single long message from consuming most or all of the cache.
+        constexpr size_t MAX_WRAPPED_LINES_PER_MSG = 20U;
+        size_t wrappedCount = 0;
        for (auto &ln : wrapped) {
-            allLines.push_back(ln);
+            if (allLines.size() >= MAX_CACHED_LINES || wrappedCount >= MAX_WRAPPED_LINES_PER_MSG)
+                break; // Cache limit or per-message limit reached; stop adding lines from this message
+            allLines.emplace_back(std::move(ln));
            isMine.push_back(mine);
            isHeader.push_back(false);
            ackForLine.push_back(AckStatus::NONE);
+            ++wrappedCount;
        }
    }

    // Cache lines and heights
-    cachedLines = allLines;
+    cachedLines.swap(allLines);
    cachedHeights = calculateLineHeights(cachedLines, emotes, isHeader);

    std::vector<MessageBlock> blocks = buildMessageBlocks(isHeader, isMine);
@@ -177,24 +177,8 @@ static void applyLoRaRegion(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode region)
    auto changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG;

 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
-    if (!owner.is_licensed) {
-        bool keygenSuccess = false;
-
-        if (config.security.private_key.size == 32) {
-            if (crypto->regeneratePublicKey(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes)) {
-                keygenSuccess = true;
-            }
-        } else {
-            crypto->generateKeyPair(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes);
-            keygenSuccess = true;
-        }
-
-        if (keygenSuccess) {
-            config.security.public_key.size = 32;
-            config.security.private_key.size = 32;
-            owner.public_key.size = 32;
-            memcpy(owner.public_key.bytes, config.security.public_key.bytes, 32);
-        }
+    if (crypto) {
+        crypto->ensurePkiKeys(config.security, owner);
    }
 #endif

@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ void CardputerKeyboard::pressed(uint8_t key)
        modifierFlag = 0;
    }

-    uint8_t next_key = 0;
    int row = (key - 1) / 10;
    int col = (key - 1) % 10;

@@ -382,11 +382,13 @@ void InputBroker::Init()
    }
 #endif // HAS_BUTTON
 #if ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    if (config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR && portduino_config.i2cdev != "") {
-        seesawRotary = new SeesawRotary("SeesawRotary");
-        if (!seesawRotary->init()) {
-            delete seesawRotary;
-            seesawRotary = nullptr;
+    if (config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR) {
+        if (portduino_config.i2cdev != "") {
+            seesawRotary = new SeesawRotary("SeesawRotary");
+            if (!seesawRotary->init()) {
+                delete seesawRotary;
+                seesawRotary = nullptr;
+            }
        }
        aLinuxInputImpl = new LinuxInputImpl();
        aLinuxInputImpl->init();
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <memory>

 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
+#include "HardwareRNG.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "aes-ccm.h"
 #include "meshUtils.h"
@@ -26,6 +27,15 @@ void CryptoEngine::generateKeyPair(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey)
 {
    // Mix in any randomness we can, to make key generation stronger.
    CryptRNG.begin(optstr(APP_VERSION));
+
+    uint8_t hardwareEntropy[64] = {0};
+    if (HardwareRNG::fill(hardwareEntropy, sizeof(hardwareEntropy), true)) {
+        CryptRNG.stir(hardwareEntropy, sizeof(hardwareEntropy));
+    } else {
+        LOG_WARN("Hardware entropy unavailable, falling back to software RNG");
+    }
+    memset(hardwareEntropy, 0, sizeof(hardwareEntropy));
+
    if (myNodeInfo.device_id.size == 16) {
        CryptRNG.stir(myNodeInfo.device_id.bytes, myNodeInfo.device_id.size);
    }
@@ -61,6 +71,33 @@ bool CryptoEngine::regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey)
    }
    return true;
 }
+
+bool CryptoEngine::ensurePkiKeys(meshtastic_Config_SecurityConfig &security, meshtastic_User &user)
+{
+    if (user.is_licensed) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool keygenSuccess = false;
+    if (security.private_key.size == 32) {
+        if (regeneratePublicKey(security.public_key.bytes, security.private_key.bytes)) {
+            keygenSuccess = true;
+        }
+    } else {
+        LOG_INFO("Generate new PKI keys");
+        generateKeyPair(security.public_key.bytes, security.private_key.bytes);
+        keygenSuccess = true;
+    }
+
+    if (keygenSuccess) {
+        security.public_key.size = 32;
+        security.private_key.size = 32;
+        user.public_key.size = 32;
+        memcpy(user.public_key.bytes, security.public_key.bytes, 32);
+    }
+
+    return keygenSuccess;
+}
 #endif

 /**
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ class CryptoEngine
 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN)
    virtual void generateKeyPair(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey);
    virtual bool regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey);
+    virtual bool ensurePkiKeys(meshtastic_Config_SecurityConfig &security, meshtastic_User &user);

 #endif
    void setDHPrivateKey(uint8_t *_private_key);
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@
 #define min_node_info_broadcast_secs 60 * 60 // No regular broadcasts of more than once an hour
 #define min_neighbor_info_broadcast_secs 4 * 60 * 60
 #define default_map_publish_interval_secs 60 * 60
+
+// Traffic management defaults
+#define default_traffic_mgmt_position_precision_bits 24               // ~10m grid cells
+#define default_traffic_mgmt_position_min_interval_secs (ONE_DAY / 2) // 12 hours between identical positions
+
 #ifdef USERPREFS_RINGTONE_NAG_SECS
 #define default_ringtone_nag_secs USERPREFS_RINGTONE_NAG_SECS
 #else
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#include "HardwareRNG.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <random>
+
+#include "configuration.h"
+
+#if HAS_RADIO
+#include "RadioLibInterface.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ARCH_NRF52)
+#include <Adafruit_nRFCrypto.h>
+extern Adafruit_nRFCrypto nRFCrypto;
+#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32)
+#include <esp_system.h>
+#elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#elif defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+#include <random>
+#include <sys/random.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace HardwareRNG
+{
+
+namespace
+{
+void fillWithRandomDevice(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length)
+{
+    std::random_device rd;
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    while (offset < length) {
+        uint32_t value = rd();
+        size_t toCopy = std::min(length - offset, sizeof(value));
+        memcpy(buffer + offset, &value, toCopy);
+        offset += toCopy;
+    }
+}
+
+#if HAS_RADIO
+bool mixWithLoRaEntropy(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length)
+{
+    // Only attempt to pull entropy from the modem if it is initialized and exposes the helper.
+    // When the radio stack is disabled or has not yet been configured, we simply skip this step
+    // and return false so callers know no extra mixing occurred.
+    RadioLibInterface *radio = RadioLibInterface::instance;
+    if (!radio) {
+        // Intentionally silent: this path runs during portduinoSetup() before the
+        // console/SerialConsole is initialized, so LOG_* here would dereference a null pointer.
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    constexpr size_t chunkSize = 16;
+    uint8_t scratch[chunkSize];
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    bool mixed = false;
+
+    while (offset < length) {
+        size_t toCopy = std::min(length - offset, chunkSize);
+
+        // randomBytes() returns false if the modem does not support it or is not ready
+        // (for instance, when the radio is powered down). We break immediately to avoid
+        // blocking or returning partially-filled entropy and simply report failure.
+        if (!radio->randomBytes(scratch, toCopy)) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < toCopy; ++i) {
+            buffer[offset + i] ^= scratch[i];
+        }
+
+        mixed = true;
+        offset += toCopy;
+    }
+
+    // Avoid leaving the modem-sourced bytes sitting on the stack longer than needed.
+    if (mixed) {
+        memset(scratch, 0, sizeof(scratch));
+    }
+
+    return mixed;
+}
+#endif
+} // namespace
+
+bool fill(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length, bool useRadioEntropy)
+{
+    if (!buffer || length == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool filled = false;
+
+#if defined(ARCH_NRF52)
+    // The Nordic SDK RNG provides cryptographic-quality randomness backed by hardware.
+    nRFCrypto.begin();
+    auto result = nRFCrypto.Random.generate(buffer, length);
+    nRFCrypto.end();
+    filled = result;
+#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32)
+    // ESP32 exposes a true RNG via esp_fill_random().
+    esp_fill_random(buffer, length);
+    filled = true;
+#elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)
+    // RP2040 has a hardware random number generator accessible through the Arduino core.
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    while (offset < length) {
+        uint32_t value = rp2040.hwrand32();
+        size_t toCopy = std::min(length - offset, sizeof(value));
+        memcpy(buffer + offset, &value, toCopy);
+        offset += toCopy;
+    }
+    filled = true;
+#elif defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+    // Prefer the host OS RNG first when running under Portduino.
+    ssize_t generated = ::getrandom(buffer, length, 0);
+    if (generated == static_cast<ssize_t>(length)) {
+        filled = true;
+    }
+
+    if (!filled) {
+        fillWithRandomDevice(buffer, length);
+        filled = true;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (!filled) {
+        // As a last resort, fall back to std::random_device. This should only be reached
+        // if a platform-specific source was unavailable.
+        fillWithRandomDevice(buffer, length);
+        filled = true;
+    }
+
+#if HAS_RADIO
+    if (useRadioEntropy) {
+        // Best-effort: if the radio is active and can provide modem entropy, XOR it over the
+        // buffer to improve overall quality. We consider the filling a success if either a
+        // good platform RNG or the modem RNG provided data, so we return true as long as at
+        // least one of those steps succeeded.
+        filled = mixWithLoRaEntropy(buffer, length) || filled;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return filled;
+}
+
+bool seed(uint32_t &seedOut)
+{
+    uint32_t candidate = 0;
+    if (!fill(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&candidate), sizeof(candidate), true)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    seedOut = candidate;
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace HardwareRNG
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace HardwareRNG
+{
+
+/**
+ * Fill the provided buffer with random bytes sourced from the most
+ * appropriate hardware-backed RNG available on the current platform.
+ *
+ * @param buffer Destination buffer for random bytes
+ * @param length Number of bytes to write
+ * @param useRadioEntropy If true, attempt to mix radio entropy into the output as well.
+ * @return true if the buffer was fully populated with entropy, false on failure
+ */
+bool fill(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length, bool useRadioEntropy = false);
+
+/**
+ * Populate a 32-bit seed value with hardware-backed randomness where possible.
+ *
+ * @param seedOut Destination for the generated seed value
+ * @return true if a seed was produced from a reliable entropy source
+ */
+bool seed(uint32_t &seedOut);
+
+} // namespace HardwareRNG
@@ -71,12 +71,10 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::init()

    RadioLibInterface::init();

-    limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER);
-
-    if ((power > LR1120_MAX_POWER) &&
-        (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) { // clamp again if wide freq range
-        power = LR1120_MAX_POWER;
-        preambleLength = 12; // 12 is the default for operation above 2GHz
+    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
+        limitPower(LR1120_MAX_POWER);
+    } else {
+        limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
    }

 #ifdef LR11X0_RF_SWITCH_SUBGHZ
@@ -177,6 +175,12 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
    err = lora.setSyncWord(syncWord);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

+    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
+        limitPower(LR1120_MAX_POWER);
+    } else {
+        limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
+    }
+
    err = lora.setPreambleLength(preambleLength);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

@@ -184,14 +188,14 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    if (power > LR1110_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
-        power = LR1110_MAX_POWER;
-    if ((power > LR1120_MAX_POWER) && (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) // 2.4G power limit
-        power = LR1120_MAX_POWER;
-
    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

+    // Apply RX gain mode — valid in STDBY, matches resetAGC() pattern
+    err = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
+    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
+        LOG_WARN("LR11x0 setRxBoostedGainMode %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
+
    startReceive(); // restart receiving

    return RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
@@ -4,19 +4,54 @@
 #include "MeshTypes.h"
 #include "PointerQueue.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
+#include "detect/LoRaRadioType.h"
+
+// Sentinel marking the end of a modem preset array
+static constexpr meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset MODEM_PRESET_END =
+    static_cast<meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset>(0xFF);
+
+// Region profile: bundles the preset list with regulatory parameters shared across regions
+struct RegionProfile {
+    const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset *presets; // sentinel-terminated; first entry is the default
+    float spacing;                                           // gaps between radio channels
+    float padding;                                           // padding at each side of the "operating channel"
+    bool audioPermitted;
+    bool licensedOnly;        // a region profile for licensed operators only
+    int8_t textThrottle;      // throttle for text - future expansion
+    int8_t positionThrottle;  // throttle for location data - future expansion
+    int8_t telemetryThrottle; // throttle for telemetry - future expansion
+    uint8_t overrideSlot;     // a per-region override slot for if we need to fix it in place
+};
+
+extern const RegionProfile PROFILE_STD;
+extern const RegionProfile PROFILE_EU868;
+extern const RegionProfile PROFILE_UNDEF;
+// extern const RegionProfile  PROFILE_LITE;
+// extern const RegionProfile  PROFILE_NARROW;
+// extern const RegionProfile  PROFILE_HAM;

 // Map from old region names to new region enums
 struct RegionInfo {
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode code;
    float freqStart;
    float freqEnd;
-    float dutyCycle;
-    float spacing;
+    float dutyCycle;    // modified by getEffectiveDutyCycle
    uint8_t powerLimit; // Or zero for not set
-    bool audioPermitted;
    bool freqSwitching;
    bool wideLora;
+    const RegionProfile *profile;
    const char *name; // EU433 etc
+
+    // Preset accessors (delegate through profile)
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset getDefaultPreset() const { return profile->presets[0]; }
+    const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset *getAvailablePresets() const { return profile->presets; }
+    size_t getNumPresets() const
+    {
+        size_t n = 0;
+        while (profile->presets[n] != MODEM_PRESET_END)
+            n++;
+        return n;
+    }
 };

 extern const RegionInfo regions[];
@@ -25,7 +60,7 @@ extern const RegionInfo *myRegion;
 extern void initRegion();

 // Valid LoRa spread factor range and defaults
-constexpr uint8_t LORA_SF_MIN = 7;
+constexpr uint8_t LORA_SF_MIN = 5;
 constexpr uint8_t LORA_SF_MAX = 12;
 constexpr uint8_t LORA_SF_DEFAULT = 11; // LONG_FAST default

@@ -37,10 +72,14 @@ constexpr uint8_t LORA_CR_DEFAULT = 5; // LONG_FAST default
 // Default bandwidth in kHz (LONG_FAST)
 constexpr float LORA_BW_DEFAULT_KHZ = 250.0f;

-/// Clamp spread factor to the valid LoRa range [7, 12].
+/// Clamp spread factor to the valid LoRa range [5, 12].
 /// Out-of-range values (including 0 from unset preset mode) return LORA_SF_DEFAULT.
 static inline uint8_t clampSpreadFactor(uint8_t sf)
 {
+    // We check for RF95 radios that are incompatible with Spreading Factors 5 and 6.
+    if (radioType == RF95_RADIO && (sf == 5 || sf == 6))
+        return LORA_SF_DEFAULT;
+
    if (sf < LORA_SF_MIN || sf > LORA_SF_MAX)
        return LORA_SF_DEFAULT;
    return sf;
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRACEROUTE
 #include "modules/TraceRouteModule.h"
 #endif
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+#include "modules/TrafficManagementModule.h"
+#endif
 #include "NodeDB.h"

 NextHopRouter::NextHopRouter() {}
@@ -126,15 +129,28 @@ void NextHopRouter::sniffReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, const meshtast
 /* Check if we should be rebroadcasting this packet if so, do so. */
 bool NextHopRouter::perhapsRebroadcast(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
 {
-    if (!isToUs(p) && !isFromUs(p) && p->hop_limit > 0) {
+    // Check if traffic management wants to exhaust this packet's hops
+    bool exhaustHops = false;
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+    if (trafficManagementModule && trafficManagementModule->shouldExhaustHops(*p)) {
+        exhaustHops = true;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Allow rebroadcast if hop_limit > 0 OR if we're exhausting hops (which sets hop_limit = 0 but still needs one relay)
+    if (!isToUs(p) && !isFromUs(p) && (p->hop_limit > 0 || exhaustHops)) {
        if (p->id != 0) {
            if (isRebroadcaster()) {
                if (p->next_hop == NO_NEXT_HOP_PREFERENCE || p->next_hop == nodeDB->getLastByteOfNodeNum(getNodeNum())) {
                    meshtastic_MeshPacket *tosend = packetPool.allocCopy(*p); // keep a copy because we will be sending it
                    LOG_INFO("Rebroadcast received message coming from %x", p->relay_node);

-                    // Use shared logic to determine if hop_limit should be decremented
-                    if (shouldDecrementHopLimit(p)) {
+                    // If exhausting hops, force hop_limit = 0 regardless of other logic
+                    if (exhaustHops) {
+                        tosend->hop_limit = 0;
+                        LOG_INFO("Traffic management: exhausting hops for 0x%08x, setting hop_limit=0", getFrom(p));
+                    } else if (shouldDecrementHopLimit(p)) {
+                        // Use shared logic to determine if hop_limit should be decremented
                        tosend->hop_limit--; // bump down the hop count
                    } else {
                        LOG_INFO("favorite-ROUTER/CLIENT_BASE-to-ROUTER/CLIENT_BASE rebroadcast: preserving hop_limit");
@@ -1299,7 +1299,7 @@ void NodeDB::loadFromDisk()
    // Coerce LoRa config fields derived from presets while bootstrapping.
    // Some clients/UI components display bandwidth/spread_factor directly from config even in preset mode.
    if (config.has_lora && config.lora.use_preset) {
-        RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(config.lora);
+        RadioInterface::clampConfigLora(config.lora);
    }

 #if defined(USERPREFS_LORA_TX_DISABLED) && USERPREFS_LORA_TX_DISABLED
@@ -1650,6 +1650,25 @@ uint32_t sinceReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
    return delta;
 }

+HopStartStatus classifyHopStart(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p)
+{
+    // Guard against invalid values.
+    if (p.hop_start < p.hop_limit)
+        return HopStartStatus::INVALID;
+
+    if (p.hop_start == 0) {
+        // Firmware prior to 2.3.0 (585805c) lacked a hop_start field. Firmware version 2.5.0 (bf34329) introduced a
+        // bitfield that is always present. Use the presence of the bitfield to determine if the origin's firmware
+        // version is guaranteed to have hop_start populated. Note that this can only be done for decoded packets as
+        // the bitfield is encrypted under the channel encryption key.
+        if (p.which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag && p.decoded.has_bitfield)
+            return HopStartStatus::VALID;
+        return HopStartStatus::MISSING_OR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
+    return HopStartStatus::VALID;
+}
+
 int8_t getHopsAway(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, int8_t defaultIfUnknown)
 {
    // Firmware prior to 2.3.0 (585805c) lacked a hop_start field. Firmware version 2.5.0 (bf34329) introduced a
@@ -1687,6 +1706,22 @@ size_t NodeDB::getNumOnlineMeshNodes(bool localOnly)
 #include "MeshModule.h"
 #include "Throttle.h"

+static constexpr uint32_t HOPSTART_DROP_LOG_INTERVAL_MS = 15000;
+
+void logHopStartDrop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, const char *context)
+{
+    static uint32_t lastLogMs = 0;
+    if (Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastLogMs, HOPSTART_DROP_LOG_INTERVAL_MS)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    lastLogMs = millis();
+    const bool decoded = (p.which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag);
+    const bool hasBitfield = decoded && p.decoded.has_bitfield;
+    LOG_DEBUG(
+        "Drop packet (%s): hop_start invalid/missing (from=0x%x id=%u hop_start=%u hop_limit=%u decoded=%d has_bitfield=%d)",
+        context ? context : "unknown", p.from, p.id, p.hop_start, p.hop_limit, decoded, hasBitfield);
+}
+
 /** Update position info for this node based on received position data
 */
 void NodeDB::updatePosition(uint32_t nodeId, const meshtastic_Position &p, RxSource src)
@@ -114,6 +114,27 @@ uint32_t sinceReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p);
 /// Returns defaultIfUnknown if the number of hops couldn't be determined.
 int8_t getHopsAway(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, int8_t defaultIfUnknown = -1);

+enum class HopStartStatus : uint8_t { VALID = 0, MISSING_OR_UNKNOWN, INVALID };
+
+/// Classify hop_start validity for forwarding decisions.
+HopStartStatus classifyHopStart(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p);
+
+inline bool shouldDropPacketForPreHop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p)
+{
+#if !MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP
+    (void)p;
+    return false;
+#else
+    if (isFromUs(&p)) {
+        return false; // local-originated packets should never be dropped by pre-hop drop policy
+    }
+    return classifyHopStart(p) != HopStartStatus::VALID;
+#endif
+}
+
+/// Rate-limited debug log when hop_start is invalid/missing and packet is dropped.
+void logHopStartDrop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, const char *context);
+
 enum LoadFileResult {
    // Successfully opened the file
    LOAD_SUCCESS = 1,
@@ -449,6 +449,11 @@ size_t PhoneAPI::getFromRadio(uint8_t *buf)
            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_paxcounter_tag;
            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.payload_variant.paxcounter = moduleConfig.paxcounter;
            break;
+        case meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag:
+            LOG_DEBUG("Send module config: traffic management");
+            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag;
+            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.payload_variant.traffic_management = moduleConfig.traffic_management;
+            break;
        default:
            LOG_ERROR("Unknown module config type %d", config_state);
        }
@@ -17,14 +17,4 @@ template <class T> class PointerQueue : public TypedQueue<T *>

        return this->dequeue(&p, maxWait) ? p : nullptr;
    }
-
-#ifdef HAS_FREE_RTOS
-    // returns a ptr or null if the queue was empty
-    T *dequeuePtrFromISR(BaseType_t *higherPriWoken)
-    {
-        T *p;
-
-        return this->dequeueFromISR(&p, higherPriWoken) ? p : nullptr;
-    }
-#endif
 };
@@ -240,8 +240,7 @@ bool RF95Interface::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    if (power > RF95_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
-        power = RF95_MAX_POWER;
+    limitPower(RF95_MAX_POWER);

 #ifdef USE_RF95_RFO
    err = lora->setOutputPower(power, true);
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <pb_decode.h>
 #include <pb_encode.h>
+#include <string.h>

 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
@@ -32,10 +33,32 @@
 #include "STM32WLE5JCInterface.h"
 #endif

-#define RDEF(name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, spacing, power_limit, audio_permitted, frequency_switching, wide_lora)      \
+static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_STD[] = {
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,     meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW,   meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW,    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE, meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_TURBO,    MODEM_PRESET_END};
+
+static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_EU_868[] = {
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,     meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW,   meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW,    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST,
+    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE, MODEM_PRESET_END};
+
+static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_UNDEF[] = {meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,
+                                                                         MODEM_PRESET_END};
+
+// Region profiles: bundle preset list + regulatory parameters shared across regions
+// presets, spacing, padding, audio, licensed, text throttle, position throttle, telemetry throttle, override slot
+const RegionProfile PROFILE_STD = {PRESETS_STD, 0, 0, true, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+const RegionProfile PROFILE_EU868 = {PRESETS_EU_868, 0, 0, false, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+const RegionProfile PROFILE_UNDEF = {PRESETS_UNDEF, 0, 0, true, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+#define RDEF(name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, power_limit, frequency_switching, wide_lora, profile_ptr)                   \
    {                                                                                                                            \
-        meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_##name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, spacing, power_limit, audio_permitted, \
-            frequency_switching, wide_lora, #name                                                                                \
+        meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_##name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, power_limit, frequency_switching,      \
+            wide_lora, &profile_ptr, #name                                                                                       \
    }

 const RegionInfo regions[] = {
@@ -43,7 +66,7 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm%3A978-1-4842-4357-2%2F1.pdf
        https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/regional-parameters/
    */
-    RDEF(US, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(US, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        EN300220 ETSI V3.2.1 [Table B.1, Item H, p. 21]
@@ -51,8 +74,7 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/300200_300299/30022002/03.02.01_60/en_30022002v030201p.pdf
        FIXME: https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/3371
     */
-    RDEF(EU_433, 433.0f, 434.0f, 10, 0, 10, true, false, false),
-
+    RDEF(EU_433, 433.0f, 434.0f, 10, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
    /*
       https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/duty-cycle/
       https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/regional-parameters/
@@ -67,33 +89,33 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
       AFA) to avoid a duty cycle. (Please refer to line P page 22 of this document.)
       https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/300200_300299/30022002/03.01.01_60/en_30022002v030101p.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(EU_868, 869.4f, 869.65f, 10, 0, 27, false, false, false),
+    RDEF(EU_868, 869.4f, 869.65f, 10, 27, false, false, PROFILE_EU868),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(CN, 470.0f, 510.0f, 100, 0, 19, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(CN, 470.0f, 510.0f, 100, 19, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
        https://www.arib.or.jp/english/html/overview/doc/5-STD-T108v1_5-E1.pdf
        https://qiita.com/ammo0613/items/d952154f1195b64dc29f
     */
-    RDEF(JP, 920.5f, 923.5f, 100, 0, 13, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(JP, 920.5f, 923.5f, 100, 13, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        https://www.iot.org.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IoTSpectrumFactSheet.pdf
        https://iotalliance.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2019/05/IoT-Spectrum-in-NZ-Briefing-Paper.pdf
        Also used in Brazil.
     */
-    RDEF(ANZ, 915.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(ANZ, 915.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        433.05 - 434.79 MHz, 25mW EIRP max, No duty cycle restrictions
        AU Low Interference Potential https://www.acma.gov.au/licences/low-interference-potential-devices-lipd-class-licence
        NZ General User Radio Licence for Short Range Devices https://gazette.govt.nz/notice/id/2022-go3100
     */
-    RDEF(ANZ_433, 433.05f, 434.79f, 100, 0, 14, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(ANZ_433, 433.05f, 434.79f, 100, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        https://digital.gov.ru/uploaded/files/prilozhenie-12-k-reshenyu-gkrch-18-46-03-1.pdf
@@ -101,13 +123,13 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        Note:
            - We do LBT, so 100% is allowed.
     */
-    RDEF(RU, 868.7f, 869.2f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(RU, 868.7f, 869.2f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        https://www.law.go.kr/LSW/admRulLsInfoP.do?admRulId=53943&efYd=0
        https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp002-1-0-4-regional-parameters
     */
-    RDEF(KR, 920.0f, 923.0f, 100, 0, 23, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(KR, 920.0f, 923.0f, 100, 23, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Taiwan, 920-925Mhz, limited to 0.5W indoor or coastal, 1.0W outdoor.
@@ -115,44 +137,40 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://www.ncc.gov.tw/english/files/23070/102_5190_230703_1_doc_C.PDF
        https://gazette.nat.gov.tw/egFront/e_detail.do?metaid=147283
     */
-    RDEF(TW, 920.0f, 925.0f, 100, 0, 27, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(TW, 920.0f, 925.0f, 100, 27, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(IN, 865.0f, 867.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(IN, 865.0f, 867.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
         https://rrf.rsm.govt.nz/smart-web/smart/page/-smart/domain/licence/LicenceSummary.wdk?id=219752
         https://iotalliance.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2019/05/IoT-Spectrum-in-NZ-Briefing-Paper.pdf
      */
-    RDEF(NZ_865, 864.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 36, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(NZ_865, 864.0f, 868.0f, 100, 36, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
       https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
       https://standard.nbtc.go.th/getattachment/Standards/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1/1033-2565.pdf.aspx?lang=th-TH
       Thailand 920–925 MHz set max TX power to 27 dBm and enforce 10% duty cycle, aligned with NBTC regulations.
    */
-    RDEF(TH, 920.0f, 925.0f, 10, 0, 27, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(TH, 920.0f, 925.0f, 10, 27, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        433,05-434,7 Mhz 10 mW
-        https://nkrzi.gov.ua/images/upload/256/5810/PDF_UUZ_19_01_2016.pdf
-    */
-    RDEF(UA_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 10, 0, 10, true, false, false),
-
-    /*
        868,0-868,6 Mhz 25 mW
        https://nkrzi.gov.ua/images/upload/256/5810/PDF_UUZ_19_01_2016.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(UA_868, 868.0f, 868.6f, 1, 0, 14, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(UA_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 10, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(UA_868, 868.0f, 868.6f, 1, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Malaysia
        433 - 435 MHz at 100mW, no restrictions.
        https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Short-Range-Devices-Specification.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(MY_433, 433.0f, 435.0f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(MY_433, 433.0f, 435.0f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Malaysia
@@ -161,14 +179,14 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        Frequency hopping is used for 919 - 923 MHz.
        https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Short-Range-Devices-Specification.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(MY_919, 919.0f, 924.0f, 100, 0, 27, true, true, false),
+    RDEF(MY_919, 919.0f, 924.0f, 100, 27, true, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Singapore
        SG_923 Band 30d: 917 - 925 MHz at 100mW, no restrictions.
        https://www.imda.gov.sg/-/media/imda/files/regulation-licensing-and-consultations/ict-standards/telecommunication-standards/radio-comms/imdatssrd.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(SG_923, 917.0f, 925.0f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(SG_923, 917.0f, 925.0f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Philippines
@@ -178,8 +196,9 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
                https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/4948#issuecomment-2394926135
    */

-    RDEF(PH_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, false), RDEF(PH_868, 868.0f, 869.4f, 100, 0, 14, true, false, false),
-    RDEF(PH_915, 915.0f, 918.0f, 100, 0, 24, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(PH_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 100, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(PH_868, 868.0f, 869.4f, 100, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(PH_915, 915.0f, 918.0f, 100, 24, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Kazakhstan
@@ -187,37 +206,38 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
                863 - 868 MHz <25 mW EIRP, 500kHz channels allowed, must not be used at airfields
                                https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/7204
    */
-    RDEF(KZ_433, 433.075f, 434.775f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, false),
-    RDEF(KZ_863, 863.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(KZ_433, 433.075f, 434.775f, 100, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(KZ_863, 863.0f, 868.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Nepal
        865 MHz to 868 MHz frequency band for IoT (Internet of Things), M2M (Machine-to-Machine), and smart metering use,
       specifically in non-cellular mode. https://www.nta.gov.np/uploads/contents/Radio-Frequency-Policy-2080-English.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(NP_865, 865.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(NP_865, 865.0f, 868.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        Brazil
        902 - 907.5 MHz , 1W power limit, no duty cycle restrictions
        https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/3741
    */
-    RDEF(BR_902, 902.0f, 907.5f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(BR_902, 902.0f, 907.5f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
       2.4 GHZ WLAN Band equivalent. Only for SX128x chips.
    */
-    RDEF(LORA_24, 2400.0f, 2483.5f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, true),
+    RDEF(LORA_24, 2400.0f, 2483.5f, 100, 10, false, true, PROFILE_STD),

    /*
        This needs to be last. Same as US.
    */
-    RDEF(UNSET, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false)
+    RDEF(UNSET, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_UNDEF)

 };

 const RegionInfo *myRegion;
 bool RadioInterface::uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
+bool RadioInterface::uses_custom_channel_name = false;

 static uint8_t bytes[MAX_LORA_PAYLOAD_LEN + 1];

@@ -503,45 +523,14 @@ void initRegion()
    myRegion = r;
 }

-void RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
+const RegionInfo *getRegion(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode code)
 {
-    if (!loraConfig.use_preset) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Find region info to determine whether "wide" LoRa is permitted (2.4 GHz uses wider bandwidth codes).
    const RegionInfo *r = regions;
-    for (; r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && r->code != loraConfig.region; r++)
+    for (; r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && r->code != code; r++)
        ;
-
-    const bool regionWideLora = r->wideLora;
-
-    float bwKHz = 0;
-    uint8_t sf = 0;
-    uint8_t cr = 0;
-    modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
-
-    // If selected preset requests a bandwidth larger than the region span, fall back to LONG_FAST.
-    if (r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && (r->freqEnd - r->freqStart) < (bwKHz / 1000.0f)) {
-        loraConfig.modem_preset = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST;
-        modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
-    }
-
-    loraConfig.bandwidth = bwKHzToCode(bwKHz);
-    loraConfig.spread_factor = sf;
+    return r;
 }

-/**
- * ## LoRaWAN for North America
-
-LoRaWAN defines 64, 125 kHz channels from 902.3 to 914.9 MHz increments.
-
-The maximum output power for North America is +30 dBM.
-
-The band is from 902 to 928 MHz. It mentions channel number and its respective channel frequency. All the 13 channels are
-separated by 2.16 MHz with respect to the adjacent channels. Channel zero starts at 903.08 MHz center frequency.
-*/
-
 uint32_t RadioInterface::getPacketTime(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, bool received)
 {
    uint32_t pl = 0;
@@ -751,7 +740,7 @@ void RadioInterface::saveFreq(float freq)
 }

 /**
- * Save our channel for later reuse.
+ * Save our frequency slot (aka channel) for later reuse.
 */
 void RadioInterface::saveChannelNum(uint32_t channel_num)
 {
@@ -774,113 +763,304 @@ uint32_t RadioInterface::getChannelNum()
    return savedChannelNum;
 }

+/**
+ * Send an error-level client notification. Safe to call when service is null (e.g. in tests).
+ */
+static void sendErrorNotification(const char *msg)
+{
+    if (!service)
+        return;
+    meshtastic_ClientNotification *cn = clientNotificationPool.allocZeroed();
+    if (!cn)
+        return;
+    cn->level = meshtastic_LogRecord_Level_ERROR;
+    snprintf(cn->message, sizeof(cn->message), "%s", msg);
+    service->sendClientNotification(cn);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if a region is valid for the current settings.
+ * Returns false if not compatible.
+ */
+bool RadioInterface::validateConfigRegion(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
+{
+    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
+
+    // If you are not licensed, you can't use ham regions.
+    if (newRegion->profile->licensedOnly && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
+        char err_string[160];
+        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Region %s requires licensed mode", newRegion->name);
+        LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
+        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
+        sendErrorNotification(err_string);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Internal helper: validate or clamp a LoRa config against its region.
+ * When clamp==false, returns false on first error (pure validation).
+ * When clamp==true, fixes invalid settings in-place and returns true.
+ */
+bool RadioInterface::checkOrClampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig, bool clamp)
+{
+    char err_string[160];
+    float check_bw;
+
+    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
+
+    const char *presetName = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
+
+    // Check preset validity (only when use_preset is true)
+    if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
+        check_bw = modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora);
+
+        bool preset_valid = false;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < newRegion->getNumPresets(); i++) {
+            if (loraConfig.modem_preset == newRegion->getAvailablePresets()[i]) {
+                preset_valid = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!preset_valid) {
+            const char *defaultName = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(newRegion->getDefaultPreset(), false, true);
+            if (clamp) {
+                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Preset %s invalid for %s, using %s", presetName, newRegion->name,
+                         defaultName);
+            } else {
+                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Preset %s invalid for %s", presetName, newRegion->name);
+            }
+            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
+            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
+            sendErrorNotification(err_string);
+
+            if (clamp) {
+                loraConfig.modem_preset = newRegion->getDefaultPreset();
+                check_bw = modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora);
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        check_bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
+    }
+
+    // Calculate width of slots (aka channels) based on bandwidth and any spacing or padding required by the region:
+    // spacing = gap between slots (0 for continuous spectrum) and at the beginning of the band
+    // padding = gap at the beginning and end of the slots (0 for no padding)
+    float freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (check_bw / 1000); // in MHz
+    uint32_t numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);
+
+    // Check if the region supports the requested bandwidth
+    if ((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart) < freqSlotWidth) {
+        const float regionSpanKHz = (newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart) * 1000.0f;
+        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s span %.0fkHz < requested %.0fkHz", newRegion->name, regionSpanKHz, check_bw);
+        LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
+        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
+        sendErrorNotification(err_string);
+
+        if (clamp) {
+            loraConfig.bandwidth = bwKHzToCode(modemPresetToBwKHz(newRegion->getDefaultPreset(), newRegion->wideLora));
+            check_bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
+
+            // Recompute slot width and number of slots based on the new bandwidth
+            freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (check_bw / 1000); // in MHz
+            numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
+    const char *presetNameDisplay =
+        DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
+    uint32_t channelNameHashSlot = hash(channelName) % numFreqSlots;
+    uint32_t presetNameHashSlot = hash(presetNameDisplay) % numFreqSlots;
+
+    if (loraConfig.override_frequency == 0) {
+
+        // Check if we use the default frequency slot
+        uses_default_frequency_slot =
+            (loraConfig.channel_num == 0) || // user choice unset, no frequency override, so use default
+            (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0 &&
+             loraConfig.channel_num == newRegion->profile->overrideSlot) || // user setting matches override
+            ((newRegion->profile->overrideSlot == 0) &&
+             ((uint32_t)(loraConfig.channel_num - 1) == presetNameHashSlot)); // user setting matches preset hash, no override
+
+        // check if user setting different to preset name
+        uses_custom_channel_name = (strcmp(channelName, presetNameDisplay) != 0);
+
+        if (loraConfig.channel_num > numFreqSlots) {
+            snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Channel number %u invalid for %s, max is %u", loraConfig.channel_num,
+                     newRegion->name, numFreqSlots);
+            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
+            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
+            sendErrorNotification(err_string);
+
+            if (clamp) {
+                if (uses_custom_channel_name) { // clamp to channel name hash
+                    loraConfig.channel_num =
+                        channelNameHashSlot + 1; // channel_num is 1-based, but hash slot is 0-based, so add 1
+                } else if ((loraConfig.use_preset) && (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0)) { // clamp to preset override slot
+                    loraConfig.channel_num =
+                        newRegion->profile->overrideSlot; // use the override slot specified by the region profile
+                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
+                } else if (loraConfig.use_preset) {                  // clamp to preset slot
+                    loraConfig.channel_num = presetNameHashSlot + 1; // channel_num is 1-based, but hash slot is 0-based, so add 1
+                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
+                } else { // if not using preset, and no custom channel name, just clamp to default anyway
+                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
+                };
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        } // end of channel number check
+    } else {
+        // if we have a frequency override, we ignore the channel number and just use the override frequency
+        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Frequency override in place, using %.3f", loraConfig.override_frequency);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool RadioInterface::validateConfigLora(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
+{
+    auto copy = loraConfig;
+    return checkOrClampConfigLora(copy, false);
+}
+
+void RadioInterface::clampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
+{
+    checkOrClampConfigLora(loraConfig, true);
+}
+
 /**
 * Pull our channel settings etc... from protobufs to the dumb interface settings
+ * Note: this must be given only settings which have been validated or clamped!
 */
 void RadioInterface::applyModemConfig()
 {
    // Set up default configuration
    // No Sync Words in LORA mode
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig = config.lora;
-    bool validConfig = false; // We need to check for a valid configuration
-    while (!validConfig) {
-        if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
-            modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora, bw, sf, cr);
-            if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate != cr) {
-                cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
-                LOG_INFO("Using custom Coding Rate %u", cr);
-            }
-        } else {
-            sf = loraConfig.spread_factor;
+    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
+    myRegion = newRegion;
+
+    if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
+        if (!validateConfigLora(loraConfig)) {
+            loraConfig.modem_preset = newRegion->getDefaultPreset();
+        }
+        uint8_t newcr;
+        modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora, bw, sf, newcr);
+        // If custom CR is being used already, check if the new preset is higher
+        if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate < newcr) {
+            cr = newcr;
+            LOG_INFO("Default Coding Rate is higher than custom setting, using %u", cr);
+        }
+        // If the custom CR is higher than the preset, use it
+        else if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate > newcr) {
            cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
-            bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
-        }
-
-        if ((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) < bw / 1000) {
-            const float regionSpanKHz = (myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) * 1000.0f;
-            const float requestedBwKHz = bw;
-            const bool isWideRequest = requestedBwKHz >= 499.5f; // treat as 500 kHz preset
-            const char *presetName =
-                DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
-
-            char err_string[160];
-            if (isWideRequest) {
-                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s region too narrow for 500kHz preset (%s). Falling back to LongFast.",
-                         myRegion->name, presetName);
-            } else {
-                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s region span %.0fkHz < requested %.0fkHz. Falling back to LongFast.",
-                         myRegion->name, regionSpanKHz, requestedBwKHz);
-            }
-            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
-            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-
-            meshtastic_ClientNotification *cn = clientNotificationPool.allocZeroed();
-            cn->level = meshtastic_LogRecord_Level_ERROR;
-            snprintf(cn->message, sizeof(cn->message), "%s", err_string);
-            service->sendClientNotification(cn);
-
-            // Set to default modem preset
-            loraConfig.use_preset = true;
-            loraConfig.modem_preset = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST;
+            LOG_INFO("Using custom Coding Rate %u", cr);
        } else {
-            validConfig = true;
+            cr = newcr;
        }
+
+    } else { // if not using preset, then just use the custom settings
+        if (validateConfigLora(loraConfig)) {
+        } else {
+            LOG_WARN("Invalid LoRa config settings, cannot apply requested modem config - falling back to %s defaults",
+                     newRegion->name);
+            clampConfigLora(loraConfig);
+        }
+        bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
+        sf = loraConfig.spread_factor;
+        cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
    }

    power = loraConfig.tx_power;

-    if ((power == 0) || ((power > myRegion->powerLimit) && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed))
-        power = myRegion->powerLimit;
+    if ((power == 0) || ((power > newRegion->powerLimit) && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed))
+        power = newRegion->powerLimit;

    if (power == 0)
-        power = 17; // Default to this power level if we don't have a valid regional power limit (powerLimit of myRegion defaults
+        power = 17; // Default to this power level if we don't have a valid regional power limit (powerLimit of newRegion defaults
                    // to 0, currently no region has an actual power limit of 0 [dBm] so we can assume regions which have this
                    // variable set to 0 don't have a valid power limit)

    // Set final tx_power back onto config
    loraConfig.tx_power = (int8_t)power; // cppcheck-suppress assignmentAddressToInteger

-    // Calculate the number of channels
-    uint32_t numChannels = floor((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / (myRegion->spacing + (bw / 1000)));
+    uint32_t channel_num;
+    float freq;

-    // If user has manually specified a channel num, then use that, otherwise generate one by hashing the name
-    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
-    // channel_num is actually (channel_num - 1), since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to (numChannels - 1)
-    uint32_t channel_num = (loraConfig.channel_num ? loraConfig.channel_num - 1 : hash(channelName)) % numChannels;
+    // Calculate number of frequency slots (aka Channels):
+    // spacing = gap between channels (0 for continuous spectrum) and at the beginning of the band
+    // padding = gap at the beginning and end of the channel (0 for no padding)
+    float freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (bw / 1000); // in MHz
+    uint32_t numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);

-    // Check if we use the default frequency slot
-    RadioInterface::uses_default_frequency_slot =
-        channel_num ==
-        hash(DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, config.lora.use_preset)) % numChannels;
-
-    // Old frequency selection formula
-    // float freq = myRegion->freqStart + ((((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / numChannels) / 2) * channel_num);
-
-    // New frequency selection formula
-    float freq = myRegion->freqStart + (bw / 2000) + (channel_num * (bw / 1000));
+    // Calculate hash of channel name and preset name to pick a default frequency slot if user has not specified one.
+    // Note that channel_num is actually (channel_num - 1), i.e. zero-based, since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to
+    // (numFreqSlots - 1).
+    uint32_t presetNameHashSlot =
+        hash(DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset)) % numFreqSlots;

    // override if we have a verbatim frequency
    if (loraConfig.override_frequency) {
        freq = loraConfig.override_frequency;
        channel_num = -1;
+        uses_default_frequency_slot = false;
+    } else {
+
+        // If user has not manually specified a frequency slot, or has not specified one that is different than the default or the
+        // override for the new region, then use the default or override. If the user has not specified one, but has specified a
+        // custom channel name, then use the hash of that channel name to pick a frequency slot. Note that channel_num is actually
+        // (channel_num - 1), i.e. zero-based, since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to (numFreqSlots - 1).
+        // NB: channel_num is also know as frequency slot but it's too late to fix now.
+        if (uses_default_frequency_slot) {
+            // if there's an override slot, use that
+            if (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0) {
+                channel_num = newRegion->profile->overrideSlot - 1;
+            } else {
+                channel_num = presetNameHashSlot;
+            }
+        } else { // use the manually defined one
+            channel_num = loraConfig.channel_num - 1;
+        }
+
+        // Calculate frequency: freqStart is band edge, add half bandwidth (plus optional padding) to get middle of first channel
+        // subsequent channels are spaced by freqSlotWidth
+        freq = newRegion->freqStart + (bw / 2000) + newRegion->profile->padding + (channel_num * freqSlotWidth); // in MHz
    }

    saveChannelNum(channel_num);
    saveFreq(freq + loraConfig.frequency_offset);
+    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
+
+    if (newRegion->wideLora) {                          // clamp if wide freq range
+        preambleLength = wideLoraPreambleLengthDefault; // 12 is the default for operation above 2GHz
+    } else {
+        preambleLength =
+            preambleLengthDefault; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
+    }

    slotTimeMsec = computeSlotTimeMsec();
    preambleTimeMsec = preambleLength * (pow_of_2(sf) / bw);

    LOG_INFO("Radio freq=%.3f, config.lora.frequency_offset=%.3f", freq, loraConfig.frequency_offset);
-    LOG_INFO("Set radio: region=%s, name=%s, config=%u, ch=%d, power=%d", myRegion->name, channelName, loraConfig.modem_preset,
+    LOG_INFO("Set radio: region=%s, name=%s, config=%u, ch=%d, power=%d", newRegion->name, channelName, loraConfig.modem_preset,
             channel_num, power);
-    LOG_INFO("myRegion->freqStart -> myRegion->freqEnd: %f -> %f (%f MHz)", myRegion->freqStart, myRegion->freqEnd,
-             myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart);
-    LOG_INFO("numChannels: %d x %.3fkHz", numChannels, bw);
+    LOG_INFO("newRegion->freqStart -> newRegion->freqEnd: %f -> %f (%f MHz)", newRegion->freqStart, newRegion->freqEnd,
+             newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart);
+    LOG_INFO("numFreqSlots: %d x %.3fkHz", numFreqSlots, bw);
+    if (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0) {
+        LOG_INFO("Using region override slot: %d", newRegion->profile->overrideSlot);
+    }
    LOG_INFO("channel_num: %d", channel_num + 1);
    LOG_INFO("frequency: %f", getFreq());
    LOG_INFO("Slot time: %u msec, preamble time: %u msec", slotTimeMsec, preambleTimeMsec);
-}
+} // end of applyModemConfig

 /** Slottime is the time to detect a transmission has started, consisting of:
  - CAD duration;
@@ -994,4 +1174,4 @@ size_t RadioInterface::beginSending(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)

    sendingPacket = p;
    return p->encrypted.size + sizeof(PacketHeader);
-}
+}
@@ -92,15 +92,20 @@ class RadioInterface
    uint8_t sf = 9;
    uint8_t cr = 5;

-    const uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD = 2;       // Number of symbols used for CAD, 2 is the default since RadioLib 6.3.0 as per AN1200.48
-    const uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD_24GHZ = 4; // Number of symbols used for CAD in 2.4 GHz, 4 is recommended in AN1200.22 of SX1280
+    static constexpr uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD =
+        2; // Number of symbols used for CAD, 2 is the default since RadioLib 6.3.0 as per AN1200.48
+    static constexpr uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD_24GHZ =
+        4; // Number of symbols used for CAD in 2.4 GHz, 4 is recommended in AN1200.22 of SX1280
    uint32_t slotTimeMsec = computeSlotTimeMsec();
-    uint16_t preambleLength = 16;    // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
-    uint32_t preambleTimeMsec = 165; // calculated on startup, this is the default for LongFast
-    const uint32_t PROCESSING_TIME_MSEC =
-        4500;                // time to construct, process and construct a packet again (empirically determined)
-    const uint8_t CWmin = 3; // minimum CWsize
-    const uint8_t CWmax = 8; // maximum CWsize
+    uint16_t preambleLength = 16; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
+    static constexpr uint16_t preambleLengthDefault =
+        16; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
+    static constexpr uint16_t wideLoraPreambleLengthDefault = 12; // 12 is default for wide Lora
+    uint32_t preambleTimeMsec = 165;                              // calculated on startup, this is the default for LongFast
+    static constexpr uint32_t PROCESSING_TIME_MSEC =
+        4500;                           // time to construct, process and construct a packet again (empirically determined)
+    static constexpr uint8_t CWmin = 3; // minimum CWsize
+    static constexpr uint8_t CWmax = 8; // maximum CWsize

    meshtastic_MeshPacket *sendingPacket = NULL; // The packet we are currently sending
    uint32_t lastTxStart = 0L;
@@ -127,7 +132,7 @@ class RadioInterface
     * Coerce LoRa config fields (bandwidth/spread_factor) derived from presets.
     * This is used during early bootstrapping so UIs that display these fields directly remain consistent.
     */
-    static void bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
+    // static void bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig); // maybe superseded?

    /**
     * Return true if we think the board can go to sleep (i.e. our tx queue is empty, we are not sending or receiving)
@@ -234,6 +239,20 @@ class RadioInterface
    // Whether we use the default frequency slot given our LoRa config (region and modem preset)
    static bool uses_default_frequency_slot;

+    // Whether we have a custom channel name
+    static bool uses_custom_channel_name;
+
+    static bool checkOrClampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig, bool clamp);
+
+    // Check if a candidate region is compatible and valid.
+    static bool validateConfigRegion(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
+
+    // Check if a candidate radio configuration is valid.
+    static bool validateConfigLora(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
+
+    // Make a candidate radio configuration valid, even if it isn't.
+    static void clampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
+
  protected:
    int8_t power = 17; // Set by applyModemConfig()

@@ -246,6 +246,24 @@ bool RadioLibInterface::findInTxQueue(NodeNum from, PacketId id)
    return txQueue.find(from, id);
 }

+bool RadioLibInterface::randomBytes(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length)
+{
+    if (!buffer || length == 0 || !iface) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Older RadioLib versions only expose random(min, max), so fill the buffer byte-by-byte.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+        int32_t value = iface->random(0, 255);
+        if (value < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        buffer[i] = static_cast<uint8_t>(value & 0xFF);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 /** radio helper thread callback.
 We never immediately transmit after any operation (either Rx or Tx). Instead we should wait a random multiple of
 'slotTimes' (see definition in RadioInterface.h) taken from a contention window (CW) to lower the chance of collision.
@@ -587,4 +605,4 @@ bool RadioLibInterface::startSend(meshtastic_MeshPacket *txp)

        return res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
    }
-}
+}
@@ -172,6 +172,12 @@ class RadioLibInterface : public RadioInterface, protected concurrency::Notified
    /** Attempt to find a packet in the TxQueue. Returns true if the packet was found. */
    virtual bool findInTxQueue(NodeNum from, PacketId id) override;

+    /**
+     * Request randomness sourced from the LoRa modem, if supported by the active RadioLib interface.
+     * @return true if len bytes were produced, false otherwise.
+     */
+    bool randomBytes(uint8_t *buffer, size_t length);
+
  private:
    /** if we have something waiting to send, start a short (random) timer so we can come check for collision before actually
     * doing the transmit */
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #include "mesh-pb-constants.h"
 #include "meshUtils.h"
 #include "modules/RoutingModule.h"
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+#include "modules/TrafficManagementModule.h"
+#endif
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_MQTT
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
 #endif
@@ -95,6 +98,20 @@ bool Router::shouldDecrementHopLimit(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
        return true;
    }

+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+    // When router_preserve_hops is enabled, preserve hops for decoded packets that are not
+    // position or telemetry (those have their own exhaust_hop controls).
+    if (moduleConfig.has_traffic_management && moduleConfig.traffic_management.enabled &&
+        moduleConfig.traffic_management.router_preserve_hops && p->which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag &&
+        p->decoded.portnum != meshtastic_PortNum_POSITION_APP && p->decoded.portnum != meshtastic_PortNum_TELEMETRY_APP) {
+        LOG_DEBUG("Router hop preserved: port=%d from=0x%08x (traffic_management)", p->decoded.portnum, getFrom(p));
+        if (trafficManagementModule) {
+            trafficManagementModule->recordRouterHopPreserved();
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+#endif
+
    // For subsequent hops, check if previous relay is a favorite router
    // Optimized search for favorite routers with matching last byte
    // Check ordering optimized for IoT devices (cheapest checks first)
@@ -858,6 +875,12 @@ void Router::perhapsHandleReceived(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
        return;
    }

+    if (shouldDropPacketForPreHop(*p)) {
+        logHopStartDrop(*p, "pre-hop drop");
+        packetPool.release(p);
+        return;
+    }
+
    if (shouldFilterReceived(p)) {
        LOG_DEBUG("Incoming msg was filtered from 0x%x", p->from);
        packetPool.release(p);
@@ -245,14 +245,21 @@ template <typename T> bool SX126xInterface<T>::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    if (power > SX126X_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
-        power = SX126X_MAX_POWER;
+    limitPower(SX126X_MAX_POWER);
+    // Make sure we reach the minimum power supported to turn the chip on (-9dBm)
+    if (power < -9)
+        power = -9;

    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        LOG_ERROR("SX126X setOutputPower %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

+    // Apply RX gain mode — valid in STDBY (datasheet §9.6), matches resetAGC() pattern
+    err = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
+    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
+        LOG_WARN("SX126X setRxBoostedGainMode %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
+
    startReceive(); // restart receiving

    return RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
@@ -144,8 +144,7 @@ template <typename T> bool SX128xInterface<T>::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    if (power > SX128X_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
-        power = SX128X_MAX_POWER;
+    limitPower(SX128X_MAX_POWER);

    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
@@ -22,6 +22,69 @@ PB_BIND(meshtastic_Contact, meshtastic_Contact, AUTO)


 PB_BIND(meshtastic_PLI, meshtastic_PLI, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_AircraftTrack, meshtastic_AircraftTrack, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_CotGeoPoint, meshtastic_CotGeoPoint, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_DrawnShape, meshtastic_DrawnShape, 2)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_Marker, meshtastic_Marker, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_RangeAndBearing, meshtastic_RangeAndBearing, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_Route, meshtastic_Route, 2)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_Route_Link, meshtastic_Route_Link, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_CasevacReport, meshtastic_CasevacReport, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_EmergencyAlert, meshtastic_EmergencyAlert, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_TaskRequest, meshtastic_TaskRequest, AUTO)
+
+
+PB_BIND(meshtastic_TAKPacketV2, meshtastic_TAKPacketV2, 2)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+



@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ PB_BIND(meshtastic_KeyVerification, meshtastic_KeyVerification, AUTO)
 PB_BIND(meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus, meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus, 2)


+PB_BIND(meshtastic_RemoteShell, meshtastic_RemoteShell, AUTO)
+
+
 PB_BIND(meshtastic_Waypoint, meshtastic_Waypoint, AUTO)


@@ -129,6 +132,8 @@ PB_BIND(meshtastic_ChunkedPayloadResponse, meshtastic_ChunkedPayloadResponse, AU



+
+



@@ -308,6 +308,13 @@ typedef enum _meshtastic_HardwareModel {
    meshtastic_HardwareModel_TDISPLAY_S3_PRO = 126,
    /* Heltec Mesh Node T096 board features an nRF52840 CPU and a TFT screen. */
    meshtastic_HardwareModel_HELTEC_MESH_NODE_T096 = 127,
+    /* Seeed studio T1000-E Pro tracker card. NRF52840 w/ LR2021 radio,
+ GPS, button, buzzer, and sensors. */
+    meshtastic_HardwareModel_TRACKER_T1000_E_PRO = 128,
+    /* Elecrow ThinkNode M7, M8 and M9 */
+    meshtastic_HardwareModel_THINKNODE_M7 = 129,
+    meshtastic_HardwareModel_THINKNODE_M8 = 130,
+    meshtastic_HardwareModel_THINKNODE_M9 = 131,
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Reserved ID For developing private Ports. These will show up in live traffic sparsely, so we can use a high number. Keep it within 8 bits.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -511,6 +518,27 @@ typedef enum _meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type {
    meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_LINK_PROVIDE_SECONDHALF = 6
 } meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type;

+/* Frame op code for PTY session control and stream transport.
+
+ Values 1-63 are client->server requests.
+ Values 64-127 are server->client responses/events. */
+typedef enum _meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode {
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_OP_UNSET = 0,
+    /* Client -> server */
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_OPEN = 1,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_INPUT = 2,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_RESIZE = 3,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_CLOSE = 4,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_PING = 5,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_ACK = 6,
+    /* Server -> client */
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_OPEN_OK = 64,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_OUTPUT = 65,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_CLOSED = 66,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_ERROR = 67,
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_PONG = 68
+} meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode;
+
 /* The priority of this message for sending.
 Higher priorities are sent first (when managing the transmit queue).
 This field is never sent over the air, it is only used internally inside of a local device node.
@@ -843,6 +871,27 @@ typedef struct _meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus {
    uint32_t chain_count;
 } meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus;

+typedef PB_BYTES_ARRAY_T(200) meshtastic_RemoteShell_payload_t;
+/* The actual over-the-mesh message doing RemoteShell */
+typedef struct _meshtastic_RemoteShell {
+    /* Structured frame operation. */
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode op;
+    /* Logical PTY session identifier. */
+    uint32_t session_id;
+    /* Monotonic sequence number for this frame. */
+    uint32_t seq;
+    /* Cumulative ack sequence number. */
+    uint32_t ack_seq;
+    /* Opaque bytes payload for INPUT/OUTPUT/ERROR and other frame bodies. */
+    meshtastic_RemoteShell_payload_t payload;
+    /* Terminal size columns used for OPEN/RESIZE signaling. */
+    uint32_t cols;
+    /* Terminal size rows used for OPEN/RESIZE signaling. */
+    uint32_t rows;
+    /* Bit flags for protocol extensions. */
+    uint32_t flags;
+} meshtastic_RemoteShell;
+
 /* Waypoint message, used to share arbitrary locations across the mesh */
 typedef struct _meshtastic_Waypoint {
    /* Id of the waypoint */
@@ -1383,6 +1432,10 @@ extern "C" {
 #define _meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_MAX meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_LINK_PROVIDE_SECONDHALF
 #define _meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_ARRAYSIZE ((meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type)(meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_LINK_PROVIDE_SECONDHALF+1))

+#define _meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_MIN meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_OP_UNSET
+#define _meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_MAX meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_PONG
+#define _meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_ARRAYSIZE ((meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode)(meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_PONG+1))
+
 #define _meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_MIN meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_UNSET
 #define _meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_MAX meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_MAX
 #define _meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_ARRAYSIZE ((meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority)(meshtastic_MeshPacket_Priority_MAX+1))
@@ -1413,6 +1466,8 @@ extern "C" {

 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_sfpp_message_type_ENUMTYPE meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type

+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_op_ENUMTYPE meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode
+



@@ -1457,6 +1512,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Data_init_default             {_meshtastic_PortNum_MIN, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_KeyVerification_init_default  {0, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}}
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_init_default {_meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_MIN, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_init_default      {_meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_init_default         {0, false, 0, false, 0, 0, 0, "", "", 0}
 #define meshtastic_StatusMessage_init_default    {""}
 #define meshtastic_MqttClientProxyMessage_init_default {"", 0, {{0, {0}}}, 0}
@@ -1490,6 +1546,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Data_init_zero                {_meshtastic_PortNum_MIN, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_KeyVerification_init_zero     {0, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}}
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_init_zero {_meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_SFPP_message_type_MIN, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_init_zero         {_meshtastic_RemoteShell_OpCode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, {0, {0}}, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_init_zero            {0, false, 0, false, 0, 0, 0, "", "", 0}
 #define meshtastic_StatusMessage_init_zero       {""}
 #define meshtastic_MqttClientProxyMessage_init_zero {"", 0, {{0, {0}}}, 0}
@@ -1579,6 +1636,14 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_encapsulated_from_tag 8
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_encapsulated_rxtime_tag 9
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_chain_count_tag 10
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_op_tag            1
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_session_id_tag    2
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_seq_tag           3
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_ack_seq_tag       4
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_payload_tag       5
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_cols_tag          6
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_rows_tag          7
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_flags_tag         8
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_id_tag               1
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_latitude_i_tag       2
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_longitude_i_tag      3
@@ -1811,6 +1876,18 @@ X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   chain_count,      10)
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_CALLBACK NULL
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_DEFAULT NULL

+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_FIELDLIST(X, a) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UENUM,    op,                1) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   session_id,        2) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   seq,               3) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   ack_seq,           4) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, BYTES,    payload,           5) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   cols,              6) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   rows,              7) \
+X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   flags,             8)
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_CALLBACK NULL
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_DEFAULT NULL
+
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_FIELDLIST(X, a) \
 X(a, STATIC,   SINGULAR, UINT32,   id,                1) \
 X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, SFIXED32, latitude_i,        2) \
@@ -2093,6 +2170,7 @@ extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_Routing_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_Data_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_KeyVerification_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_msg;
+extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_RemoteShell_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_Waypoint_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_StatusMessage_msg;
 extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_MqttClientProxyMessage_msg;
@@ -2128,6 +2206,7 @@ extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_ChunkedPayloadResponse_msg;
 #define meshtastic_Data_fields &meshtastic_Data_msg
 #define meshtastic_KeyVerification_fields &meshtastic_KeyVerification_msg
 #define meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_fields &meshtastic_StoreForwardPlusPlus_msg
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_fields &meshtastic_RemoteShell_msg
 #define meshtastic_Waypoint_fields &meshtastic_Waypoint_msg
 #define meshtastic_StatusMessage_fields &meshtastic_StatusMessage_msg
 #define meshtastic_MqttClientProxyMessage_fields &meshtastic_MqttClientProxyMessage_msg
@@ -2183,6 +2262,7 @@ extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_ChunkedPayloadResponse_msg;
 #define meshtastic_NodeRemoteHardwarePin_size    29
 #define meshtastic_Position_size                 144
 #define meshtastic_QueueStatus_size              23
+#define meshtastic_RemoteShell_size              241
 #define meshtastic_RouteDiscovery_size           256
 #define meshtastic_Routing_size                  259
 #define meshtastic_StatusMessage_size            81
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ typedef enum _meshtastic_PortNum {
    meshtastic_PortNum_ALERT_APP = 11,
    /* Module/port for handling key verification requests. */
    meshtastic_PortNum_KEY_VERIFICATION_APP = 12,
+    /* Module/port for handling primitive remote shell access. */
+    meshtastic_PortNum_REMOTE_SHELL_APP = 13,
    /* Provides a 'ping' service that replies to any packet it receives.
 Also serves as a small example module.
 ENCODING: ASCII Plaintext */
@@ -150,6 +152,10 @@ typedef enum _meshtastic_PortNum {
 arbitrary telemetry over meshtastic that is not covered by telemetry.proto
 ENCODING: CayenneLLP */
    meshtastic_PortNum_CAYENNE_APP = 77,
+    /* ATAK Plugin V2
+ Portnum for payloads from the official Meshtastic ATAK plugin using
+ TAKPacketV2 with zstd dictionary compression. */
+    meshtastic_PortNum_ATAK_PLUGIN_V2 = 78,
    /* GroupAlarm integration
 Used for transporting GroupAlarm-related messages between Meshtastic nodes
 and companion applications/services. */
@@ -113,7 +113,9 @@ typedef enum _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType {
    /* SCD30 CO2, humidity, temperature sensor */
    meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SCD30 = 49,
    /* SHT family of sensors for temperature and humidity */
-    meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTXX = 50
+    meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTXX = 50,
+    /* DS248X Bridge for one-wire temperature sensors */
+    meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_DS248X = 51
 } meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType;

 /* Struct definitions */
@@ -206,6 +208,9 @@ typedef struct _meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics {
    /* Soil temperature measured (*C) */
    bool has_soil_temperature;
    float soil_temperature;
+    /* One-wire temperature (*C) */
+    pb_size_t one_wire_temperature_count;
+    float one_wire_temperature[8];
 } meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics;

 /* Power Metrics (voltage / current / etc) */
@@ -491,8 +496,8 @@ extern "C" {

 /* Helper constants for enums */
 #define _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_MIN meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SENSOR_UNSET
-#define _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_MAX meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTXX
-#define _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_ARRAYSIZE ((meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType)(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTXX+1))
+#define _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_MAX meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_DS248X
+#define _meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_ARRAYSIZE ((meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType)(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_DS248X+1))



@@ -508,7 +513,7 @@ extern "C" {

 /* Initializer values for message structs */
 #define meshtastic_DeviceMetrics_init_default    {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
-#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_init_default {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
+#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_init_default {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, 0, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}
 #define meshtastic_PowerMetrics_init_default     {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_AirQualityMetrics_init_default {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_LocalStats_init_default       {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
@@ -519,7 +524,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Nau7802Config_init_default    {0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_SEN5XState_init_default       {0, 0, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_DeviceMetrics_init_zero       {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
-#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_init_zero  {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
+#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_init_zero  {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, 0, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}
 #define meshtastic_PowerMetrics_init_zero        {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_AirQualityMetrics_init_zero   {false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0, false, 0}
 #define meshtastic_LocalStats_init_zero          {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
@@ -558,6 +563,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_rainfall_24h_tag 20
 #define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_soil_moisture_tag 21
 #define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_soil_temperature_tag 22
+#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_one_wire_temperature_tag 23
 #define meshtastic_PowerMetrics_ch1_voltage_tag  1
 #define meshtastic_PowerMetrics_ch1_current_tag  2
 #define meshtastic_PowerMetrics_ch2_voltage_tag  3
@@ -683,7 +689,8 @@ X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, FLOAT,    radiation,        18) \
 X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, FLOAT,    rainfall_1h,      19) \
 X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, FLOAT,    rainfall_24h,     20) \
 X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, UINT32,   soil_moisture,    21) \
-X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, FLOAT,    soil_temperature,  22)
+X(a, STATIC,   OPTIONAL, FLOAT,    soil_temperature,  22) \
+X(a, STATIC,   REPEATED, FLOAT,    one_wire_temperature,  23)
 #define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_CALLBACK NULL
 #define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_DEFAULT NULL

@@ -852,7 +859,7 @@ extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_SEN5XState_msg;
 #define MESHTASTIC_MESHTASTIC_TELEMETRY_PB_H_MAX_SIZE meshtastic_Telemetry_size
 #define meshtastic_AirQualityMetrics_size        150
 #define meshtastic_DeviceMetrics_size            27
-#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_size       113
+#define meshtastic_EnvironmentMetrics_size       161
 #define meshtastic_HealthMetrics_size            11
 #define meshtastic_HostMetrics_size              264
 #define meshtastic_LocalStats_size               87
@@ -69,6 +69,22 @@ static inline int get_max_num_nodes()
 /// Max number of channels allowed
 #define MAX_NUM_CHANNELS (member_size(meshtastic_ChannelFile, channels) / member_size(meshtastic_ChannelFile, channels[0]))

+// Traffic Management module configuration
+// Enable per-variant by defining HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT=1 in variant.h
+#ifndef HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+#define HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT 0
+#endif
+
+// Cache size for traffic management (number of nodes to track)
+// Can be overridden per-variant based on available memory
+#ifndef TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT_CACHE_SIZE
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+#define TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT_CACHE_SIZE 1000
+#else
+#define TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT_CACHE_SIZE 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
 /// helper function for encoding a record as a protobuf, any failures to encode are fatal and we will panic
 /// returns the encoded packet size
 size_t pb_encode_to_bytes(uint8_t *destbuf, size_t destbufsize, const pb_msgdesc_t *fields, const void *src_struct);
@@ -90,4 +106,4 @@ bool writecb(pb_ostream_t *stream, const uint8_t *buf, size_t count);
 */
 bool is_in_helper(uint32_t n, const uint32_t *array, pb_size_t count);

-#define is_in_repeated(name, n) is_in_helper(n, name, name##_count)
+#define is_in_repeated(name, n) is_in_helper(n, name, name##_count)
@@ -401,7 +401,9 @@ static void WiFiEvent(WiFiEvent_t event)
            WiFi.disconnect(false, true);
            syslog.disable();
            needReconnect = true;
-            wifiReconnect->setIntervalFromNow(1000);
+            if (wifiReconnect) {
+                wifiReconnect->setIntervalFromNow(1000);
+            }
        }
        break;
    case ARDUINO_EVENT_WIFI_STA_AUTHMODE_CHANGE:
@@ -431,7 +433,9 @@ static void WiFiEvent(WiFiEvent_t event)
            WiFi.disconnect(false, true);
            syslog.disable();
            needReconnect = true;
-            wifiReconnect->setIntervalFromNow(1000);
+            if (wifiReconnect) {
+                wifiReconnect->setIntervalFromNow(1000);
+            }
        }
        break;
    case ARDUINO_EVENT_WPS_ER_SUCCESS:
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@

 #include "Default.h"
 #include "MeshRadio.h"
+#include "RadioInterface.h"
 #include "TypeConversions.h"
+#include "mesh/RadioLibInterface.h"

 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_MQTT
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
@@ -197,10 +199,35 @@ bool AdminModule::handleReceivedProtobuf(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp, meshta
        handleSetOwner(r->set_owner);
        break;

-    case meshtastic_AdminMessage_set_config_tag:
+    case meshtastic_AdminMessage_set_config_tag: {
        LOG_DEBUG("Client set config");
-        handleSetConfig(r->set_config);
+
+        // Non-LoRa configs need no further validation.
+        if (r->set_config.which_payload_variant != meshtastic_Config_lora_tag) {
+            LOG_DEBUG("Non-LoRa config, applying directly");
+            handleSetConfig(r->set_config, fromOthers);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Only LORA_24 requires hardware capability validation.
+        if (r->set_config.payload_variant.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) {
+            LOG_DEBUG("LoRa config, region is not LORA_24, applying directly");
+            handleSetConfig(r->set_config, fromOthers);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Hardware supports 2.4 GHz — apply the config.
+        // Fail closed: null instance is treated as incapable.
+        if (RadioLibInterface::instance && RadioLibInterface::instance->wideLora()) {
+            LOG_DEBUG("LORA_24 requested, radio hardware supports 2.4 GHz, applying");
+            handleSetConfig(r->set_config, fromOthers);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        LOG_WARN("Radio hardware does not support 2.4 GHz; rejecting LORA_24 region");
+        myReply = allocErrorResponse(meshtastic_Routing_Error_BAD_REQUEST, &mp);
        break;
+    }

    case meshtastic_AdminMessage_set_module_config_tag:
        LOG_DEBUG("Client set module config");
@@ -453,7 +480,7 @@ bool AdminModule::handleReceivedProtobuf(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp, meshta
 #if HAS_SCREEN
        IF_SCREEN(screen->showSimpleBanner("Device is rebooting\ninto DFU mode.", 0));
 #endif
-#if defined(ARCH_NRF52) || defined(ARCH_RP2040)
+#if defined(ARCH_NRF52) || defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
        enterDfuMode();
 #endif
        break;
@@ -626,7 +653,7 @@ void AdminModule::handleSetOwner(const meshtastic_User &o)
    }
 }

-void AdminModule::handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c)
+void AdminModule::handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c, bool fromOthers)
 {
    auto changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG;
    auto existingRole = config.device.role;
@@ -770,18 +797,57 @@ void AdminModule::handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c)
            validatedLora.spread_factor = LORA_SF_DEFAULT;
        }

-        // If no lora radio parameters change, don't need to reboot
-        if (oldLoraConfig.use_preset == validatedLora.use_preset && oldLoraConfig.region == validatedLora.region &&
-            oldLoraConfig.modem_preset == validatedLora.modem_preset && oldLoraConfig.bandwidth == validatedLora.bandwidth &&
-            oldLoraConfig.spread_factor == validatedLora.spread_factor &&
-            oldLoraConfig.coding_rate == validatedLora.coding_rate && oldLoraConfig.tx_power == validatedLora.tx_power &&
-            oldLoraConfig.frequency_offset == validatedLora.frequency_offset &&
-            oldLoraConfig.override_frequency == validatedLora.override_frequency &&
-            oldLoraConfig.channel_num == validatedLora.channel_num &&
-            oldLoraConfig.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain == validatedLora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain) {
-            requiresReboot = false;
+        // If we're setting a new region, check the region is valid and then init the region or discard the change
+        if (validatedLora.region != myRegion->code) {
+            //  Region has changed so check whether it is valid for e.g. licensing conditions and if the lora config is valid
+            if (RadioInterface::validateConfigRegion(validatedLora) && RadioInterface::validateConfigLora(validatedLora)) {
+                // If we're setting region for the first time, init the region and regenerate the keys
+                if (isRegionUnset && validatedLora.region > meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET) {
+#if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
+                    if (crypto) {
+                        crypto->ensurePkiKeys(config.security, owner);
+                    }
+#endif
+                    // new region is valid and we're coming from an unset region, so enable tx
+                    validatedLora.tx_enabled = true;
+                }
+                // If we're unsetting the region for some reason, disable tx
+                if (!isRegionUnset && validatedLora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET) {
+                    validatedLora.tx_enabled = false;
+                }
+                // Ensure initRegion() uses the newly validated region
+                config.lora.region = validatedLora.region;
+                initRegion();
+                if (myRegion->dutyCycle < 100) {
+                    validatedLora.ignore_mqtt = true; // Ignore MQTT by default if region has a duty cycle limit
+                }
+                if (strncmp(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, default_mqtt_root, strlen(default_mqtt_root)) == 0) {
+                    //  Default root is in use, so subscribe to the appropriate MQTT topic for this region
+                    sprintf(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, "%s/%s", default_mqtt_root, myRegion->name);
+                }
+                changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG | SEGMENT_MODULECONFIG;
+            } else {
+                //  Region validation has failed, so just copy all of the old config over the new config
+                validatedLora = oldLoraConfig;
+            }
+        } // end of new region handling
+
+        if (!RadioInterface::validateConfigLora(validatedLora)) {
+            if (fromOthers) {
+                LOG_WARN("Invalid LoRa config received from another node, rejecting changes");
+                //  modem_preset set to use the old setting if the check fails
+                validatedLora.modem_preset = oldLoraConfig.modem_preset;
+            } else {
+                LOG_WARN("Invalid LoRa config received from client, using corrected values");
+                RadioInterface::clampConfigLora(validatedLora);
+            }
+            //  use_preset and bandwidth are coerced into valid values by the check.
        }

+        // All LoRa radio changes apply live via configChanged observer → reconfigure().
+        // reconfigure() puts the radio in standby, reprograms all modem parameters, and restarts receive.
+        requiresReboot = false;
+
 #if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
        // If running on portduino and using SimRadio, do not require reboot
        if (SimRadio::instance) {
@@ -797,63 +863,21 @@ void AdminModule::handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c)
            digitalWrite(RF95_FAN_EN, HIGH ^ 0);
        }
 #endif
-        config.lora = validatedLora;

 #if HAS_LORA_FEM
        // Apply FEM LNA mode from config (only meaningful on hardware that supports it)
+        // Note that a rejected lora config will revert this as well.
        if (loraFEMInterface.isLnaCanControl()) {
-            loraFEMInterface.setLNAEnable(config.lora.fem_lna_mode != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_DISABLED);
-        } else if (config.lora.fem_lna_mode != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_NOT_PRESENT) {
+            loraFEMInterface.setLNAEnable(validatedLora.fem_lna_mode != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_DISABLED);
+        } else if (validatedLora.fem_lna_mode != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_NOT_PRESENT) {
            // Hardware FEM does not support LNA control; normalize stored config to match actual capability
            LOG_WARN("FEM LNA mode configured but current FEM does not support LNA control; normalizing to NOT_PRESENT");
-            config.lora.fem_lna_mode = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_NOT_PRESENT;
+            validatedLora.fem_lna_mode = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_FEM_LNA_Mode_NOT_PRESENT;
        }
 #endif
-        // If we're setting region for the first time, init the region and regenerate the keys
-        if (isRegionUnset && config.lora.region > meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET) {
-#if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
-            if (!owner.is_licensed) {
-                bool keygenSuccess = false;
-                if (config.security.private_key.size == 32) {
-                    if (crypto->regeneratePublicKey(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes)) {
-                        keygenSuccess = true;
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    LOG_INFO("Generate new PKI keys");
-                    crypto->generateKeyPair(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes);
-                    keygenSuccess = true;
-                }
-                if (keygenSuccess) {
-                    config.security.public_key.size = 32;
-                    config.security.private_key.size = 32;
-                    owner.public_key.size = 32;
-                    memcpy(owner.public_key.bytes, config.security.public_key.bytes, 32);
-                }
-            }
-#endif
-            config.lora.tx_enabled = true;
-            initRegion();
-            if (myRegion->dutyCycle < 100) {
-                config.lora.ignore_mqtt = true; // Ignore MQTT by default if region has a duty cycle limit
-            }
-            //  Compare the entire string, we are sure of the length as a topic has never been set
-            if (strcmp(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, default_mqtt_root) == 0) {
-                sprintf(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, "%s/%s", default_mqtt_root, myRegion->name);
-                changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG | SEGMENT_MODULECONFIG;
-            }
-        }
-        if (config.lora.region != myRegion->code) {
-            //  Region has changed so check whether there is a regulatory one we should be using instead.
-            //  Additionally as a side-effect, assume a new value under myRegion
-            initRegion();

-            if (strncmp(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, default_mqtt_root, strlen(default_mqtt_root)) == 0) {
-                //  Default root is in use, so subscribe to the appropriate MQTT topic for this region
-                sprintf(moduleConfig.mqtt.root, "%s/%s", default_mqtt_root, myRegion->name);
-            }
+        config.lora = validatedLora; // Finally, return the validated config back to the main config

-            changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG | SEGMENT_MODULECONFIG;
-        }
        break;
    }
    case meshtastic_Config_bluetooth_tag:
@@ -901,10 +925,10 @@ void AdminModule::handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c)
    }
    if (requiresReboot && !hasOpenEditTransaction) {
        disableBluetooth();
-    }
+    } // end of switch case which_payload_variant

    saveChanges(changes, requiresReboot);
-}
+} // end of handleSetConfig

 bool AdminModule::handleSetModuleConfig(const meshtastic_ModuleConfig &c)
 {
@@ -1010,6 +1034,11 @@ bool AdminModule::handleSetModuleConfig(const meshtastic_ModuleConfig &c)
        moduleConfig.statusmessage = c.payload_variant.statusmessage;
        shouldReboot = false;
        break;
+    case meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag:
+        LOG_INFO("Set module config: Traffic Management");
+        moduleConfig.has_traffic_management = true;
+        moduleConfig.traffic_management = c.payload_variant.traffic_management;
+        break;
    }
    saveChanges(SEGMENT_MODULECONFIG, shouldReboot);
    return true;
@@ -1124,78 +1153,85 @@ void AdminModule::handleGetModuleConfig(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &req, const
    meshtastic_AdminMessage res = meshtastic_AdminMessage_init_default;

    if (req.decoded.want_response) {
+        const char *configName = "?";
        switch (configType) {
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_MQTT_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: MQTT");
+            configName = "MQTT";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_mqtt_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.mqtt = moduleConfig.mqtt;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_SERIAL_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Serial");
+            configName = "Serial";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_serial_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.serial = moduleConfig.serial;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_EXTNOTIF_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: External Notification");
+            configName = "External Notification";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_external_notification_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.external_notification = moduleConfig.external_notification;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_STOREFORWARD_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Store & Forward");
+            configName = "Store & Forward";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_store_forward_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.store_forward = moduleConfig.store_forward;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_RANGETEST_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Range Test");
+            configName = "Range Test";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_range_test_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.range_test = moduleConfig.range_test;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_TELEMETRY_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Telemetry");
+            configName = "Telemetry";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_telemetry_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.telemetry = moduleConfig.telemetry;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_CANNEDMSG_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Canned Message");
+            configName = "Canned Message";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_canned_message_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.canned_message = moduleConfig.canned_message;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_AUDIO_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Audio");
+            configName = "Audio";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_audio_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.audio = moduleConfig.audio;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_REMOTEHARDWARE_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Remote Hardware");
+            configName = "Remote Hardware";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_remote_hardware_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.remote_hardware = moduleConfig.remote_hardware;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_NEIGHBORINFO_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Neighbor Info");
+            configName = "Neighbor Info";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_neighbor_info_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.neighbor_info = moduleConfig.neighbor_info;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_DETECTIONSENSOR_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Detection Sensor");
+            configName = "Detection Sensor";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_detection_sensor_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.detection_sensor = moduleConfig.detection_sensor;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_AMBIENTLIGHTING_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Ambient Lighting");
+            configName = "Ambient Lighting";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_ambient_lighting_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.ambient_lighting = moduleConfig.ambient_lighting;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_PAXCOUNTER_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: Paxcounter");
+            configName = "Paxcounter";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_paxcounter_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.paxcounter = moduleConfig.paxcounter;
            break;
        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_STATUSMESSAGE_CONFIG:
-            LOG_INFO("Get module config: StatusMessage");
+            configName = "StatusMessage";
            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_statusmessage_tag;
            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.statusmessage = moduleConfig.statusmessage;
            break;
+        case meshtastic_AdminMessage_ModuleConfigType_TRAFFICMANAGEMENT_CONFIG:
+            configName = "Traffic Management";
+            res.get_module_config_response.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag;
+            res.get_module_config_response.payload_variant.traffic_management = moduleConfig.traffic_management;
+            break;
        }
+        LOG_INFO("Get module config: %s", configName);

        // NOTE: The phone app needs to know the ls_secsvalue so it can properly expect sleep behavior.
        // So even if we internally use 0 to represent 'use default' we still need to send the value we are
@@ -1378,23 +1414,17 @@ void AdminModule::handleStoreDeviceUIConfig(const meshtastic_DeviceUIConfig &uic
 void AdminModule::handleSetHamMode(const meshtastic_HamParameters &p)
 {
    // Validate ham parameters before setting since this would bypass validation in the owner struct
-    if (*p.call_sign) {
-        const char *start = p.call_sign;
-        // Skip all whitespace
-        while (*start && isspace((unsigned char)*start))
-            start++;
-        if (*start == '\0') {
-            LOG_WARN("Rejected ham call_sign: must contain at least 1 non-whitespace character");
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-    if (*p.short_name) {
-        const char *start = p.short_name;
-        while (*start && isspace((unsigned char)*start))
-            start++;
-        if (*start == '\0') {
-            LOG_WARN("Rejected ham short_name: must contain at least 1 non-whitespace character");
-            return;
+    const char *fieldsToCheck[] = {p.call_sign, p.short_name};
+    const char *fieldNames[] = {"call_sign", "short_name"};
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+        if (*fieldsToCheck[i]) {
+            const char *start = fieldsToCheck[i];
+            while (*start && isspace((unsigned char)*start))
+                start++;
+            if (*start == '\0') {
+                LOG_WARN("Rejected ham %s: must contain at least 1 non-whitespace character", fieldNames[i]);
+                return;
+            }
        }
    }

@@ -60,7 +60,11 @@ class AdminModule : public ProtobufModule<meshtastic_AdminMessage>, public Obser
     */
    void handleSetOwner(const meshtastic_User &o);
    void handleSetChannel(const meshtastic_Channel &cc);
-    void handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c);
+
+  protected:
+    void handleSetConfig(const meshtastic_Config &c, bool fromOthers);
+
+  private:
    bool handleSetModuleConfig(const meshtastic_ModuleConfig &c);
    void handleSetChannel();
    void handleSetHamMode(const meshtastic_HamParameters &req);
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@
 #include "modules/PowerStressModule.h"
 #endif
 #include "modules/RoutingModule.h"
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+#include "modules/TrafficManagementModule.h"
+#endif
 #include "modules/TextMessageModule.h"
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRACEROUTE
 #include "modules/TraceRouteModule.h"
@@ -120,6 +123,14 @@ void setupModules()
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_REPLYBOT
    new ReplyBotModule();
 #endif
+
+#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
+    // Instantiate only when enabled to avoid extra memory use and background work.
+    if (moduleConfig.has_traffic_management && moduleConfig.traffic_management.enabled) {
+        trafficManagementModule = new TrafficManagementModule();
+    }
+#endif
+
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ADMIN
    adminModule = new AdminModule();
 #endif
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ void SerialModule::processWXSerial()
        LOG_INFO("WS8X : %i %.1fg%.1f %.1fv %.1fv %.1fC rain: %.1f, %i sum", atoi(windDir), strtof(windVel, nullptr),
                 strtof(windGust, nullptr), batVoltageF, capVoltageF, temperatureF, rain, rainSum);
    }
-    if (gotwind && !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastAveraged, averageIntervalMillis)) {
+    if (gotwind && !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastAveraged, averageIntervalMillis) && velCount > 0 && dirCount > 0) {
        // calculate averages and send to the mesh
        float velAvg = 1.0 * velSum / velCount;

@@ -66,18 +66,10 @@ extern void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const c
 #include "Sensor/MCP9808Sensor.h"
 #endif

-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT31.h>)
-#include "Sensor/SHT31Sensor.h"
-#endif
-
 #if __has_include(<Adafruit_LPS2X.h>)
 #include "Sensor/LPS22HBSensor.h"
 #endif

-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHTC3.h>)
-#include "Sensor/SHTC3Sensor.h"
-#endif
-
 #if __has_include("RAK12035_SoilMoisture.h") && defined(RAK_4631) && RAK_4631 == 1
 #include "Sensor/RAK12035Sensor.h"
 #endif
@@ -94,8 +86,8 @@ extern void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const c
 #include "Sensor/OPT3001Sensor.h"
 #endif

-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT4x.h>)
-#include "Sensor/SHT4XSensor.h"
+#if __has_include(<SHTSensor.h>)
+#include "Sensor/SHTXXSensor.h"
 #endif

 #if __has_include(<SparkFun_MLX90632_Arduino_Library.h>)
@@ -155,6 +147,15 @@ void EnvironmentTelemetryModule::i2cScanFinished(ScanI2C *i2cScanner)
    }
    LOG_INFO("Environment Telemetry adding I2C devices...");

+    /*
+        Uncomment the preferences below if you want to use the module
+        without having to configure it from the PythonAPI or WebUI.
+    */
+
+    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_measurement_enabled = 1;
+    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_screen_enabled = 1;
+    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_update_interval = 15;
+
    // order by priority of metrics/values (low top, high bottom)

 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR
@@ -202,15 +203,9 @@ void EnvironmentTelemetryModule::i2cScanFinished(ScanI2C *i2cScanner)
 #if __has_include(<Adafruit_MCP9808.h>)
    addSensor<MCP9808Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::MCP9808);
 #endif
-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT31.h>)
-    addSensor<SHT31Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::SHT31);
-#endif
 #if __has_include(<Adafruit_LPS2X.h>)
    addSensor<LPS22HBSensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::LPS22HB);
 #endif
-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHTC3.h>)
-    addSensor<SHTC3Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::SHTC3);
-#endif
 #if __has_include("RAK12035_SoilMoisture.h") && defined(RAK_4631) && RAK_4631 == 1
    addSensor<RAK12035Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::RAK12035);
 #endif
@@ -223,13 +218,9 @@ void EnvironmentTelemetryModule::i2cScanFinished(ScanI2C *i2cScanner)
 #if __has_include(<ClosedCube_OPT3001.h>)
    addSensor<OPT3001Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::OPT3001);
 #endif
-#if __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT4x.h>)
-    addSensor<SHT4XSensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::SHT4X);
-#endif
 #if __has_include(<SparkFun_MLX90632_Arduino_Library.h>)
    addSensor<MLX90632Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::MLX90632);
 #endif
-
 #if __has_include(<Adafruit_BMP3XX.h>)
    addSensor<BMP3XXSensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::BMP_3XX);
 #endif
@@ -245,7 +236,10 @@ void EnvironmentTelemetryModule::i2cScanFinished(ScanI2C *i2cScanner)
 #if __has_include(<BH1750_WE.h>)
    addSensor<BH1750Sensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::BH1750);
 #endif
-
+#if __has_include(<SHTSensor.h>)
+    // TODO Can we scan for multiple sensors connected on the same bus?
+    addSensor<SHTXXSensor>(i2cScanner, ScanI2C::DeviceType::SHTXX);
+#endif
 #endif
 }

@@ -260,14 +254,6 @@ int32_t EnvironmentTelemetryModule::runOnce()
    }

    uint32_t result = UINT32_MAX;
-    /*
-        Uncomment the preferences below if you want to use the module
-        without having to configure it from the PythonAPI or WebUI.
-    */
-
-    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_measurement_enabled = 1;
-    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_screen_enabled = 1;
-    // moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_update_interval = 15;

    if (!(moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_measurement_enabled || moduleConfig.telemetry.environment_screen_enabled ||
          ENVIRONMENTAL_TELEMETRY_MODULE_ENABLE)) {
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT31.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "SHT31Sensor.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHT31.h>
-
-SHT31Sensor::SHT31Sensor() : TelemetrySensor(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHT31, "SHT31") {}
-
-bool SHT31Sensor::initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev)
-{
-    LOG_INFO("Init sensor: %s", sensorName);
-    sht31 = Adafruit_SHT31(bus);
-    status = sht31.begin(dev->address.address);
-    initI2CSensor();
-    return status;
-}
-
-bool SHT31Sensor::getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement)
-{
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_temperature = true;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_relative_humidity = true;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.temperature = sht31.readTemperature();
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.relative_humidity = sht31.readHumidity();
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-#endif
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT31.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHT31.h>
-
-class SHT31Sensor : public TelemetrySensor
-{
-  private:
-    Adafruit_SHT31 sht31;
-
-  public:
-    SHT31Sensor();
-    virtual bool getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement) override;
-    virtual bool initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev) override;
-};
-
-#endif
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT4x.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "SHT4XSensor.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHT4x.h>
-
-SHT4XSensor::SHT4XSensor() : TelemetrySensor(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHT4X, "SHT4X") {}
-
-bool SHT4XSensor::initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev)
-{
-    LOG_INFO("Init sensor: %s", sensorName);
-
-    uint32_t serialNumber = 0;
-
-    status = sht4x.begin(bus);
-    if (!status) {
-        return status;
-    }
-
-    serialNumber = sht4x.readSerial();
-    if (serialNumber != 0) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("serialNumber : %x", serialNumber);
-        status = 1;
-    } else {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Error trying to execute readSerial(): ");
-        status = 0;
-    }
-
-    initI2CSensor();
-    return status;
-}
-
-bool SHT4XSensor::getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement)
-{
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_temperature = true;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_relative_humidity = true;
-
-    sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
-    sht4x.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.temperature = temp.temperature;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.relative_humidity = humidity.relative_humidity;
-    return true;
-}
-
-#endif
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHT4x.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHT4x.h>
-
-class SHT4XSensor : public TelemetrySensor
-{
-  private:
-    Adafruit_SHT4x sht4x = Adafruit_SHT4x();
-
-  public:
-    SHT4XSensor();
-    virtual bool getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement) override;
-    virtual bool initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev) override;
-};
-
-#endif
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHTC3.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "SHTC3Sensor.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHTC3.h>
-
-SHTC3Sensor::SHTC3Sensor() : TelemetrySensor(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTC3, "SHTC3") {}
-
-bool SHTC3Sensor::initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev)
-{
-    LOG_INFO("Init sensor: %s", sensorName);
-    status = shtc3.begin(bus);
-
-    initI2CSensor();
-    return status;
-}
-
-bool SHTC3Sensor::getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement)
-{
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_temperature = true;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_relative_humidity = true;
-
-    sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
-    shtc3.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);
-
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.temperature = temp.temperature;
-    measurement->variant.environment_metrics.relative_humidity = humidity.relative_humidity;
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-#endif
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<Adafruit_SHTC3.h>)
-
-#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
-#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
-#include <Adafruit_SHTC3.h>
-
-class SHTC3Sensor : public TelemetrySensor
-{
-  private:
-    Adafruit_SHTC3 shtc3 = Adafruit_SHTC3();
-
-  public:
-    SHTC3Sensor();
-    virtual bool getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement) override;
-    virtual bool initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev) override;
-};
-
-#endif
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#include "configuration.h"
+
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<SHTSensor.h>)
+
+#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
+#include "SHTXXSensor.h"
+#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
+#include <SHTSensor.h>
+
+SHTXXSensor::SHTXXSensor() : TelemetrySensor(meshtastic_TelemetrySensorType_SHTXX, "SHTXX") {}
+
+void SHTXXSensor::getSensorVariant(SHTSensor::SHTSensorType sensorType)
+{
+    switch (sensorType) {
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT2X:
+        sensorVariant = "SHT2x";
+        break;
+
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT3X:
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT85:
+        sensorVariant = "SHT3x/SHT85";
+        break;
+
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT3X_ALT:
+        sensorVariant = "SHT3x";
+        break;
+
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHTW1:
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHTW2:
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHTC1:
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHTC3:
+        sensorVariant = "SHTC1/SHTC3/SHTW1/SHTW2";
+        break;
+
+    case SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT4X:
+        sensorVariant = "SHT4x";
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        sensorVariant = "Unknown";
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+bool SHTXXSensor::initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev)
+{
+    LOG_INFO("Init sensor: %s", sensorName);
+
+    _bus = bus;
+    _address = dev->address.address;
+
+    if (sht.init(*_bus)) {
+        LOG_INFO("%s: init(): success", sensorName);
+        getSensorVariant(sht.mSensorType);
+        LOG_INFO("%s Sensor detected: %s on 0x%x", sensorName, sensorVariant, _address);
+        status = 1;
+    } else {
+        LOG_ERROR("%s: init(): failed", sensorName);
+    }
+
+    initI2CSensor();
+    return status;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Accuracy setting of measurement.
+ * Not all sensors support changing the sampling accuracy (only SHT3X and SHT4X)
+ * SHTAccuracy:
+ * - SHT_ACCURACY_HIGH: Highest repeatability at the cost of slower measurement
+ * - SHT_ACCURACY_MEDIUM: Balanced repeatability and speed of measurement
+ * - SHT_ACCURACY_LOW: Fastest measurement but lowest repeatability
+ */
+bool SHTXXSensor::setAccuracy(SHTSensor::SHTAccuracy newAccuracy)
+{
+    // Only SHT3X-family (including alternates) and SHT4X support changing accuracy
+    if (sht.mSensorType != SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT3X && sht.mSensorType != SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT3X_ALT &&
+        sht.mSensorType != SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT85 && sht.mSensorType != SHTSensor::SHTSensorType::SHT4X) {
+        LOG_WARN("%s doesn't support accuracy setting", sensorVariant);
+        return false;
+    }
+    LOG_INFO("%s: setting new accuracy setting", sensorVariant);
+    accuracy = newAccuracy;
+    return sht.setAccuracy(accuracy);
+}
+
+bool SHTXXSensor::getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement)
+{
+    if (sht.readSample()) {
+        measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_temperature = true;
+        measurement->variant.environment_metrics.has_relative_humidity = true;
+        measurement->variant.environment_metrics.temperature = sht.getTemperature();
+        measurement->variant.environment_metrics.relative_humidity = sht.getHumidity();
+
+        LOG_INFO("%s (%s): Got: temp:%fdegC, hum:%f%%rh", sensorName, sensorVariant,
+                 measurement->variant.environment_metrics.temperature,
+                 measurement->variant.environment_metrics.relative_humidity);
+
+        return true;
+    } else {
+        LOG_ERROR("%s (%s): read sample failed", sensorName, sensorVariant);
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+AdminMessageHandleResult SHTXXSensor::handleAdminMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp, meshtastic_AdminMessage *request,
+                                                         meshtastic_AdminMessage *response)
+{
+    AdminMessageHandleResult result;
+    result = AdminMessageHandleResult::NOT_HANDLED;
+
+    switch (request->which_payload_variant) {
+    case meshtastic_AdminMessage_sensor_config_tag:
+        if (!request->sensor_config.has_shtxx_config) {
+            result = AdminMessageHandleResult::NOT_HANDLED;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Check for sensor accuracy setting
+        if (request->sensor_config.shtxx_config.has_set_accuracy) {
+            SHTSensor::SHTAccuracy newAccuracy;
+            if (request->sensor_config.shtxx_config.set_accuracy == 0) {
+                newAccuracy = SHTSensor::SHT_ACCURACY_LOW;
+            } else if (request->sensor_config.shtxx_config.set_accuracy == 1) {
+                newAccuracy = SHTSensor::SHT_ACCURACY_MEDIUM;
+            } else if (request->sensor_config.shtxx_config.set_accuracy == 2) {
+                newAccuracy = SHTSensor::SHT_ACCURACY_HIGH;
+            } else {
+                LOG_ERROR("%s: incorrect accuracy setting", sensorName);
+                result = AdminMessageHandleResult::HANDLED;
+                break;
+            }
+            this->setAccuracy(newAccuracy);
+        }
+
+        result = AdminMessageHandleResult::HANDLED;
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        result = AdminMessageHandleResult::NOT_HANDLED;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+#endif
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "configuration.h"
+
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && __has_include(<SHTSensor.h>)
+
+#include "../mesh/generated/meshtastic/telemetry.pb.h"
+#include "TelemetrySensor.h"
+#include <SHTSensor.h>
+
+class SHTXXSensor : public TelemetrySensor
+{
+  private:
+    SHTSensor sht;
+    TwoWire *_bus{};
+    uint8_t _address{};
+    SHTSensor::SHTAccuracy accuracy{};
+    bool setAccuracy(SHTSensor::SHTAccuracy newAccuracy);
+
+  public:
+    SHTXXSensor();
+    virtual bool getMetrics(meshtastic_Telemetry *measurement) override;
+    virtual bool initDevice(TwoWire *bus, ScanI2C::FoundDevice *dev) override;
+    void getSensorVariant(SHTSensor::SHTSensorType);
+    const char *sensorVariant{};
+
+    AdminMessageHandleResult handleAdminMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp, meshtastic_AdminMessage *request,
+                                                meshtastic_AdminMessage *response) override;
+};
+
+#endif
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More